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Kelahiran Bayi Barat Lahir Rendah (BBLR) erat kaitannya dengan gizi ibu hamil khususnya anemia dan Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh risiko KEK pada ibu hamil dan faktor lainnya terhadap BBLR di Kabupaten Sawahlunto-Sinjunjung tahun 2007. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis data sekunder, jumlah sampel 228, desain kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah BBLR dan kontrol adalah Bayi Berat Lahir Normal (BBLN). Analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square dan analisis multivariat rnenggunakan multiple logistic regression. Hasil penelitian ditemukan pengaruh risiko KEK, Ante Natalcare (ANC) dan umur terhadap BBLR. Faktor yang paling domimn mempengaruhi BBLR adalah ibu hamil dengan risiko KEK (OR 4,8; 95% Cl 2,48-9,42), artinya ibu hamil dengan risiko KBK (LILA <23,5cm) berpeluang 4,8 kali melahirkan BBLR dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil tanpa risiko KEK (LILA >23,5cm) setelah dikontrol ANC dan umur ibu. Dengan mencegah risiko KEK dapat mengurangi kelahiran BBLR dan kematian bayi, disarankan kepada dinas kesehatan meningkatkan deteksi dini ibu hamil risiko KEK melalui ANC, mcningkatkan KIE kepada masyarakat, penanganan yang tepat, komitmen dalam evaluasi program dan feedback laporan, advokasi dengan Pemda, DPRD dan instansi terkait.
Low birth weight (LBW) really involved to the mother nutrient especially anemia and chronic malnutrition risk. The purpose of this research is to know the risk of chronic malnutrition influenced on pregnancy and another factor to LBW at district Sawahlunto-Sijunjung on 2007. This research was performed by secondary data analysis with case controls design with minimum sample amount was specified 228, Data were with chi square and multiple logistic regression. The observational result indicated there are influence on chronic malnutrition risk on pregnancy, ANC and mother age to LBW. The most dominant factor which is influence to LBW is chronic malnutrition risk on pregnancy with odds ratio 4,8 (95% Cl 2,48 - 9,42), it's mean is pregnancy with chronic malnutrition will face the risk 4,8 times to LBW compare to pregnancy with out risk chronic malnutrition after ANC and mother age controlled To avoid and settles chronic malnutrition risk on pregnancy which is expected could to reduce LBW and presses infant mortality. Recommend health district office to mothers to perform early detection on risk of chronic malnutrition on pregnancy passes through ANC, increasing elucidation (communication, information and education) to community, by performing the right treatment, commitment in evaluates program and feedback on regularly report, Advocate to Government, others institution.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Merdeka Kota Bogor tahun 2017 sebesar 24,1 %. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kehamilan adalah umur kehamilan (nilai P: 0,048) dan kekurangan energi kronik (nilai P: 0,013). Sedangkan faktor umur ibu, paritas dan jarak kelahiran tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kehamilan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, perlu peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenaik kebutuhan zat gizi terutama zat besi selama kehamilan dan pembentukan program pengawasan minum tablet tambah darah untuk memantau semua ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet tambah darah sesuai dengan kebutuhan selama kehamilan.
Kata kunci: Anemia, Ibu hamil, Faktor-faktor
Nutrition problems such as anemia in pregnant women are still the focus of attention in health development in Indonesia. 40% of maternal deaths in the world are associated with anemia in pregnancy. The Riskesdas report of 2013 states that the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in Indonesia is 37.1%. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia and factors affecting the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Working Area of Merdeka Healt Centers 2017. This research is a quantitative research using cross sectional design. Sources of data in this study were maternal cohorts and maternal registers. The sampling technique used was total sampling with the number of 195 pregnant women.
The results showed that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in the Work Area of Merdeka Health Center Bogor City in 2017 was 24.1%. Based on the analysis results obtained factors associated with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy is the age of pregnancy (P value: 0.048) and chronic energy deficiency (P value: 0.013). While the maternal age, parity and birth spacing factors were not associated with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy. Based on this research, it is necessary to increase the knowledge of pregnant mother about requirement of nutrient especially iron during pregnancy and establishment of supervision program of tablet consumption to all pregnant woman consume tablets added blood as needed during pregnancy.
Keywords: Anemia, pregnant women, factors
The focus of this study is description of babies with low birth weight adn related factors. This research is quantitative with a cross-sectional design and sample size 105. The place of research in Tebet sub district health centers using secondary data from the period of January to October in 2013. The Data are maternal age, education level, employment status, maternal anemia, pre-pregnant BMI, gestational age, weight gain corresponding pre-pregnant BMI, parity and delivery of iron tablet.
Kejadian BBLR belum menunjukkan penurunan signifikan baik ditingkat global, nasional maupun daerah. Di Indonesia, rata-rata proporsi berat badan lahir <2500 gram Tahun 2018 adalah 6,2% dengan daerah tertinggi yaitu Pulau Sulawesi (7,08%) (Riskesdas 2018). Bayi berat lahir rendah memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami morbiditas dan mortalitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran prevalensi kejadian BBLR di Pulau Sulawesi berdasarkan faktor demografi dan psikososial, faktor obstetri, komplikasi kehamilan, status merokok ibu dan antenatal care. Desain studi cross sectional deskriptif dengan analisis univariat menggunakan data Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2012 dan 2017. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 564 (SDKI 2012) dan 613 (SDKI 2017). Hasil penelitian pada SDKI 2017 menunjukkan peningkatan dalam beberapa aspek dibandingkan SDKI 2012 seperti penurunan kelahiran BBLR, peningkatan pendidikan, pekerjaan ibu, status perkawinan, paritas, interval kelahiran, kunjungan pemeriksaan awal ANC serta penanganan komplikasi kehamilan di fasilitas kesehatan. Namun, ada beberapa variabel yang mengalami penurunan dan stagnasi seperti usia ibu, status ekonomi, kesehatan di perdesaan, komplikasi kehamilan, merokok, frekuensi ANC dan kualitas ANC. Saran dengan berkolaborasi dengan lintas sektor, penguatan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) serta peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan bayi.
Incidence of LBW has not shown a significant decrease either at global, national, and regional levels. In Indonesia, average proportion of birth weight <2500 grams in 2018 was 6.2% with the highest area being Sulawesi Island (7.08%). Low birth weight have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to describe the prevalence of LBW in Sulawesi Island based on demographic and psychosocial factors, obstetric factors, pregnancy complications, maternal smoking status, and antenatal care. Descriptive cross-sectional study design with univariate analysis using data from the 2012 and 2017 Indonesian Health Demographic Survey. The number of samples in this study was 564 (2012 IDHS) and 613 (2017 IDHS). The results of the 2017 IDHS study showed improvements in several aspects compared to the 2012 IDHS, such as a decrease in LBW, an increase in education, maternal employment, marital status, parity, birth intervals, first ANC check-up and treatment of pregnancy complications at health facilities. However, there are several variables that have decreased and stagnated such as maternal age, economic status, health in rural areas, pregnancy complications, smoking, ANC frequency and quality. Suggestions by collaborating with cross-sectors, strengthening the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) and increasing Program Makanan Tambahan (PMT) for pregnant women.