Abstrak: Filariasis atau kaki gajah ialah penyakit menular menahun yang disebabkan oleh infeksi cacing filaria dan ditularkan melalui gigitan berbagai jenis nyamuk. Penularan filariasis terjadi bila terdapat sumber penular yaitu manusia dan hewan (hospes), parasit (cacing filaria), vektor yaitu nyamuk yang infektif, manusia yang rentan, serta kondisi lingkungan yang sangat potensial untuk perkembang-biakan vektor, perilaku masyarakat yang berisiko lebih sering kontak dengan nyamuk. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor risiko lingkungan dan dinamika penularan dengan kejadian filariasis. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian Analitik observasional dengan desain case-control menggunakan pendekatan study retrospektif yaitu untuk menganalisis efek penyakit atau status kesehatan pada saat ini dan mengukur besar faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian filariasis pada masa yang lalu. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 126 responden, dengan perbandingan kasus : kontrol (1:2), dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan Keberadaan rawa (P:0,000;OR:5,200), Keberadaan sawah (P:0,041;OR:8,200), Keberadaan hutan semak (P:0,001;OR:6,460), Jenis Pekerjaan (P:0,000;OR:9,500), Tingkat Pengetahuan (P:0,000; OR:5,399), Kebiasaan keluar rumah malam hari (P:0,000;OR:7,300), Kebiasaan memakai obat anti nyamuk (P:0,004;OR:3,300), Kebiasaan menggunakan kelambu (P:0,000;OR:7,045), Keberadaan vektor (P:0,000;OR:7,263), dengan kejadian Filariasis, dan pada uji regresi logistic menunjukan faktor risiko paling signifikan Keberadaan hutan semak (P:0,002;OR:48,700), Jenis Pekerjaan (P:0,004;OR:39,919), Tingkat Pengetahuan (P:0,013;OR:11,206), Kebiasaan Keluar rumah malam hari (P:0,040;OR: 5,833), Kebiasaan memakai obat anti nyamuk (P:0,005;OR:10,680), dan Keberadaan vektor (P:0,005;OR:12,036) dengan kejadian Filariasis. Kesimpulan ada hubungan faktor risiko lingkungan dan dinamika penularan dengan kejadian Filariasis, sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya pencegahan dengan mengurangi faktor risiko dan edukasi kepada masyarakat tentang upaya promosi dan pencegahan penularan filariasis. Kata kunci: Filariasis, faktor risiko lingkungan, sosial, budaya, dinamika penularan, Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Filariasis or elephantiasis is a chronic infectious disease caused by filarial worm infection and is transmitted through the bite of various types of mosquitoes. Transmission of filariasis occurs when there is a transmitting source of humans and animals (the host), parasites (filari worms), vectors of infective mosquitoes, vulnerable humans, and potential environmental conditions for vector breeding, risky behavior of peoples more frequent contacts With mosquitoes. The purpose of the study was to analyze the environmental risk factors and the dynamics of transmission with filariasis incidence. This research method is observational analytic research with case-control design using retrospective study approach that is to analyze the effect of disease or health status at this time and measure big risk factor which have influence to filariasis incident in the past. The sample counted 126 respondents, with case comparison: control (1: 2), conducted by interview and observation. Chi-square test (P: 0,041, OR: 5,200), Presence of paddy field (P: 0,041, OR: 8,200), Presence of paddy field (P: 0,001, OR: 6,460), Type of Work (P: 0.000; OR: 9,500), Knowledge Level (P: 0,000; OR: 5,399), Nighttime out habits (P: 0,000; OR: 7,300), Habits of using anti-mosquito (P: 0,004; OR: 3,300), Habit (P: 0,000; OR: 7,045), presence of vector (P: 0,000; OR: 7,263), with occurrence of filariasis, and on logistic regression test showed the most significant risk factor Presence of bush forest (P: 0,002; OR: 48,700) (P: 0,004; OR: 39,919), Knowledge Level (P: 0,013; OR: 11,206), Night Out Habits (P: 0,040; OR: 5,833), Habits of using mosquito repellent (P: 0,005; OR: 10,680), and the presence of a vector (P: 0.005; OR: 12,036) with filariasis occurrence. Conclusion there is a relationship of environmental risk factors and the dynamics of transmission with filariasis occurrence, so it is necessary to do prevention efforts by reducing risk factors and education to the public about the promotion and prevention of filariasis transmission. Keywords: filariasis, environmental risk factors, social, culture, dynamics of transmission,Kubu Raya West Kalimantan.

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Abstrak: Pneumonia is the second leading cause of death after diarrhea in Indonesia, especially in children under five years old. Over the past few years the prevalence of pneumonia in children under five years old in East Java increased from 1,06% to 4,2% in 2013. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical and environmental factors of houses and other factors such as children characteristic factors and socio economic factors. This research used secondary data from the National Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) in 2012.

This research used cross-sectional design study, with 2.058 total sample of children aged 0-59 months. Data was analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi Square method. This research could not prove an association between physical environmental factors of house and other factors with the prevalence of pneumonia in children under five years. Keywords : pneumonia, children under five years, physical environmental factors