Abstrak: ABSTRAK Perilaku gizi seimbang merupakan praktik pemberian anekaragam makanan balita dengan menyertakan prinsip perilaku hidup bersih, aktifitas fisik dan mempertahankan berat badan normal. Penerapan perilaku gizi seimbang pada ibu diharap mampu mempercepat perbaikan gizi masyarakat (Kemenkes,2014). Kejadian balita malnutrisi masih menjadi masalah prioritas pada negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Provinsi Banten memiliki angka balita kurus (7.3%) melebihi angka nasional (6.8%). Tujuan penelitian menilai hubungan antara perilaku gizi seimbang dengan status gizi balita di kecamatan Teluknaga Kabupaten Tangerang Provinsi Banten. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional melibatkan 200 sampel ibu yang memiliki balita. Perilaku ibu diukur dengan 17 pertanyaan tentang perilaku gizi seimbang menggunakan kuesioner. Status gizi balita dinilai berdasarkan nilai z-score perbandingan berat badan dan tinggi badan (BB/TB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi ibu dengan perilaku gizi seimbang buruk mencapai 34.5% dan prevalensi balita kurus dan sangat kurus (13.5%) diatas rata-rata nasional (12.1%). Hasil uji bivariat menunjukan hubungan antara perilaku gizi seimbang, pengetahuan gizi seimbang ibu, umur balita, riwayat imunisasi dan riwayat BBLR dengan statatus gizi balita. Hasil uji multivariat menemukan adanya hubungan perilaku gizi seimbang dengan status gizi balita setelah dikontrol variabel status ekonomi keluarga dengan nilai OR 3.2. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu adanya upaya promosi kesehatan masyarakat mengenai gizi seimbang untuk mempercepat peningkatan perilaku ibu guna mereduksi prevalensi balita kurus di area kerja Puskesmas Tegal Angus. Kata Kunci: Perilaku Gizi Seimbang, Status Gizi Balita, Kurus, Pinggiran Kota Nutrition balanced behaviour is the practice of giving dietary diversity by including principles of clean living behavior, physical activity and maintaining normal weight. The Implementation of balanced nutritional behavior is expected to be able to improve the nutritional of the community (Ministry of Health, 2014). The incidence of children malnutrition is still priority issue in developing countries such as in Indonesia. The prevalence of wasted of under-five children was 7.3% higher than national number (6.8%). The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between nutrition balanced behavior and nutritional status of under-five years children in Teluknaga Subdistrict, Tangerang district. The study used a cross sectional study design involving 200 samples of mother with under-five children. Maternal behavior was measured by 17 questions about nutritional balanced behavior using a questionaire. The nutritional status of under-five children assessed based on Z score ratio of body weight for height Z-Score (WHZ). The results showed that the proportion of mother with low nutrition balanced behavior reached 34.5% and the prevalence of wasting and severaly wasting (13.5%). above the national average (12.1%). The result of bivariate test shows the significant correlation between balanced nutririon behavior, maternal knowledge of nutrition balanced, children ages, immunization history and history of low birth weight with nutritional status of under-five children. Multivariate test result after controlled variabel economic status found a relationship of nutritional balanced behavior with nutritional status of under-five children with the value of OR 3.2. Based on that, its necessary to promote health promotion on balanced nutrition to accelerate the improvement of mother behavior to reduce the prevalence of wasting in the work area. Key word: Nutrition Balanced Behavior, nutritional status of the unde-rfive children, Wasted, Suburban

Abstrak:

Kadar seng dalam darah anak balita merupakan indikator yang paling tepat untuk menentukan status seng pada manusia. Defisiensi seng pada anak balita berkaitan erat dengan gangguan pertumbuhan, imunitas tubuh menurun, gangguan pada kulit, disfungsi kognitif dan anoreksia sedangkan kelebihan seng dapat berakibat degenerasi otot jantung, muntah, diare, demam dan anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan model prediksi terhadap status seng dalam darah pada anak balita (6-59 bulan) di Propinsi Maluku tahun 2007. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah analisis data sekunder Studi Masalah Gizi Mikro di Indonesia dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional (potong lintang) pada bulan Juni-Juli 2012. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 351 anak balita (6-59 bulan). Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan Uji T Independen dan Uji Korelasi untuk bivariat sedangkan untuk multivariat menggunakan Uji Regresi Linear dengan Model Prediksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi defisiensi gizi mikro di Propinsi Maluku Tahun 2007 masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat dimana prevalensi defisiensi seng sebesar 39,6%, prevalensi defisiensi vitamin A sebesar 27,4% dan prevalensi anemia sebesar 39%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara kadar retinol dalam darah, kadar hemoglobin dalam darah, dan status kesehatan anak dengan kadar seng dalam darah anak balita. Hasil uji multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel kadar retinol dalam darah, kadar hemoglobin dalam darah, status kesehatan anak dan pendidikan ibu dapat digunakan untuk menentukan kadar seng dalam darah anak balita adalah. Hasil penelitian menyarankan untuk menggunakan kadar hemoglobin dan kadar retinol sebagai prediksi kadar seng dalam darah, memberikan perhatian khusus terhadap program penanggulangan masalah gizi mikro, meningkatkan konsumsi zat gizi mikro sesuai dengan AKG serta disarankan untuk dapat melakukan penelitian gizi mikro tingkat nasional secara berkala.

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  Zinc levels in the blood of underfive children are the most appropriate indicator to determine the zinc status in humans. Zinc deficiency in underfive children are closely related to impaired growth, decreased body immunity, skin disorders, cognitive dysfunction and anorexia while excess zinc can cause heart muscle degeneration, vomiting, diarrhea, fever and anemia. This study aims to obtain a predictive model of zinc levels in the blood of underfive children (6-59 months) in Maluku in 2007. The design of this study is secondary data analysis of Micronutrient Problem Studies in Indonesia with a cross sectional study design. The size of sample are 351 underfive children (6-59 months). Processing and data analysis using Independent T Test and Simple Correlations and Regression Test for bivariate analysis, while for the multivariate analysis using Correlations and Regression Linear Test Prediction Model. The results showed that the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in the province of Maluku in 2007 still a public health problem which the prevalence of zinc deficiency by 39.6%, vitamin A deficiency by 27.4% and anemia by 39%. Results from bivariate analysis showed significant correlation between retinol and hemoglobin levels in the blood, and children health status with zinc levels in the blood of underfive children. The results of the multivariate test showed that variable into the linear regression model to determine levels of zinc in the blood of underfive children are the levels of retinol in the blood, hemoglobin levels in the blood, children health status and maternal education. The results suggested to using retinol level and hemoglobin levels as a predictor of zinc levels in the blood, giving special attention to micronutrient program, to increase consumption of micronutrients in accordance with the RDA, and micronutrient research at national le

Abstrak:

Balita gizi kurang merupakan keadaan gizi pada balita dengan berat badan menurut tinggi badan atau berat badan menurut panjang badan pada Z-score -3 SD sampai dengan <-2 SD atau lingkar lengan atas (LiLA) 11,5 cm sampai dengan <12,5 cm. Pada tahun 2021, prevalensi wasting di Provinsi Banten melebihi angka nasional yaitu sebesar 7,9%. Bahkan di Kota Serang jauh lebih tinggi sebesar 11,4%. Sedangkan Kecamatan Serang merupakan penyumbang prevalensi gizi kurang tertinggi di Kota Serang dengan angka  30,71%. Tata laksana balita gizi kurang yang menjadi program Kementerian Kesehatan dengan memberikan makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal yang dilaksanakan salah satunya di Kecamatan Serang, Kota Serang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan status gizi pada balita gizi kurang usia 12-59 bulan dalam program pemberian makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal di Kecamatan Serang tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan sampel balita gizi kurang usia 12-59 bulan berjumlah 130 balita yang telah mengikuti program pemberian makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal di Kecamatan Serang tahun 2022. Variabel independen meliputi faktor balita (usia, jenis kelamin, ASI eksklusif, PMT berbahan pangan lokal, konsumsi energi, konsumsi protein, konsumsi protein hewani, konsumsi protein nabati, penyakit infeksi dan imunisasi) dan faktor orang tua (pendidikan ibu dan pendapatan). Uji statistik yang digunakan pada uji bivariat menggunakan chi square dan uji multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik ganda model determinan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat balita yang status gizinya naik sebanyak 56,2%. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian makanan tambahan berbahan pangan lokal (p-value = 0,012), konsumsi energi (p-value = 0,001), penyakit infeksi (p-value = 0,020) dan pendapatan (p-value = 0,003). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan status gizi adalah konsumsi energi (OR = 3,600). Balita dengan konsumsi energi kurang berisiko 3,6 kali lebih tinggi status gizinya tidak naik dibandingkan balita yang mengonsumsi cukup energi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel PMT berbahan pangan lokal, konsumsi protein, konsumsi protein hewani, penyakit infeksi, imunisasi dan pendapatan. Perlunya perbaikan pola pemberian makan dan asupan makanan yang baik dalam jumlah dan kualitasnya untuk menunjang tumbuh kembang balita dan meningkatkan kewaspadaan jika terjadi masalah gizi pada balita.

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Wasted is a nutritional condition in children under five with weight for height Z-score or weight for length Z-score of -3 SD to <-2 SD or upper arm circumference of 11.5 cm to <12.5 cm. In 2021, the prevalence of wasting in Banten Province exceeded the national rate at 7.9%. In Serang City, it was even higher at 11.4%. Meanwhile, Serang sub-district contributed the highest prevalence of wasted in Serang city with 30.71%. The management of wasted children, which is a program of the Ministry of Health by local food-based supplementary feeding program is implemented one of them in Serang District, Serang City. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with improving nutritional status in underweight children aged 12-59 months in the local food-based supplementary feeding program in Serang District in 2022. This study used a cross sectional study design with a sample of wasted children aged 12-59 months totaling 130 children who had participated in the local food-based supplementary feeding program in Serang District in 2022. Independent variables included children factors (age, sex, exclusive breastfeeding, local food-based supplementary feeding program, energy consumption, protein consumption, animal protein consumption, vegetable protein consumption, infectious diseases and immunization) and parental factors (maternal education and income). Statistical tests used in bivariate tests using chi square and multivariate tests using multiple logistic regression determinant models. The results showed that there were children whose nutritional status improved by 56.2%. There was a significant relationship between local food-based supplementary feeding program (p-value = 0.012), energy consumption (p-value = 0.001), infectious diseases (p-value = 0.020) and income (p-value = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed that the dominant factor associated with improved nutritional status was energy consumption (OR = 3.600). Children with insufficient energy consumption had a 3.6 times higher risk of not improving their nutritional status compared to children who consumed enough energy after controlling for the variables of local food-based supplementary feeding program, protein consumption, animal protein consumption, infectious diseases, immunization and income. It is necessary to improve feeding patterns and food intake both in quantity and quality to support the growth and development of children and increase vigilance in the event of nutritional problems in children under five.