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Dental hygiene is a health problem that can affect the overall quality of life. Dental health is often considered to be a minor problem when a local impact on the tooth itself and other systemic organs. Based on data Riskesdas 2007 can be seen that the prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia at the age of 12 years was 43.4% and Lebak regency highest prevalence of dental caries 43.6%. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors related to the incidence of dental caries in primary school students grades 4 -5 In District Curugbitung Lebak district of Banten which factors of gender, class, parental education, parental employment, and factors of dental health knowledge and behavior of health care teeth. This study is a descriptive study using cross-sectional design.
Penyakit campak adalah penyakit yang sangat poteusial untuk menimbulkan wabah. Masalah kematian campak di dunia yang dilaporkan oleh WI-IO pada tahun 2002 sebanyak 777.000 diantaranya berasal dari negara ASEAN, dan I5% dari kematian Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penolakan imunisasi campak pada Crash Program Campak di UPF Puskesmas Cimandala Kecamatan Sukaraia Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini memakai rancangan studi kasus kontrol tidak berpadanan, dengan menggunakan perbandingan kasus kontrol 1:1. Sampel penelitian adalah balita usia 12-59 bulan yang terdaftar dan mengikuti Crash Program campak dengan datang ke pos imunisasi. Jumlah sampel kasus dan kontrol sebanyak 400 orang yang terdiri dari 200 kasus dan 200 kontrol. Balita yang tidak diimunisasi dan orang tuanya tidak bersedia menandatangani infzrmed consent ditetapkan sebagai kasus, sedangkan kontrol adalah balita yang diimunisasi dan orang manya bersedia menandatangani irjormed consent dan berasal dari pos imunisasi yang sama dengan kasus. Komrol dipilih secara acak. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Berdasarkan llasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penolakan imunisasi campak adalah penilaian kondisi kesehatan anak OR 15,560 (OR CI 95% 8,84l-27,388), status imunisasi campak OR 3,732 (OR CI 95% 2,122-6,564) dan dukungan tokoh masyarakat OR 3,213 (OR CI 95% 1,763-5,853). Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut penulis menyarankan kepada UPF Puskesmas Cimandala Kecamatan Sukaraja Kabupaten Bogor untuk memberikan kesempatan imunisasi campak kepada balita yang belum diimunisasi campak pada Crash Program campak, memberikan penyuluhan kepada rnasyarakat mengenai imunisasi campak, vaksin campak yang aman, kondisi anak sakit yang boleh dan tidak boleh diberikan imunisasi campak efek samping imunisasi campak dan KIPI, prioritas penyuluhan kepada orang tue balita yang anyéznya belum diimunisasi campak, memberikan kesempatan imunisasi kepada balita yang yang belum diimunisasi campak, serta meningkatkan pendekatan sosial kepada tokoh masyarakat, kepada Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bogor penulis menyarankan untuk merencanakan strategi baru agar Crash Program campak berikulnya dapat mencapai target lanpa melakukan sweeping dan melakukan advokasi kepada pengambil kebijakan. Campak tersebut berasal dari Indonesia. Dengan mempertimbangkan serokonversi rate 85% pada bayi umur 9 bulan, cakupan imunisasi campak sebesar 9l,8% pada tahun 2004 hanya dapat memberikan perlindungan sekitar 76,5% bayi, sisanya sebesar 23,5% masuk dalam kelompok rentan campak. Kelompok rentan campak ini akan terus terakumulasi biia tanpa adanya perbaikan cakupan imunisasi dan tanpa intervensi imunisasi tambahan campak. Berdasarkan kenyalaan tersebut di atas maka Indonesia memutuskan untuk melakukan Crash Program campak pada anak balita di daerah risiko tinggi. Adanya penolakan imunisasi campak merupakan salah satu peuyehab tidak tercapainya target cakupan imunisasi campak di Puskesmas Cimandala Kecamatan Sukaraja Kabupaien Bogor. Namun penelitian tentang faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penolakan imunisasi campak belum pernah dilakukan Hal tersebut diatas menarik minat penulis untuk meneliti tentang faktor yang berhubungan dengan penolakan i munisasi campak pada Crash Program Campak tahun 2007.
Measles is known as a disease that potentially creating an outbreak. There are about 777,000 death reported by WHO in 2002, caused by measles, is occur in the ASEAN countries, and l5% of the deaths are from Indonesia. In considering with the sero- conversion rate 85% of 9 months old baby, the coverage of measles immunization at 9l.8% in 2004 is only give protection around 76.5% babies and the other of 23.5% babies are categorized as a group of vulnerable for measles. This group of baby can be continuously accumulated if there is no improvement on the coverage of measles immunization and without any intervention of addition on immunization of measles. Based on the situation, Indonesia is, therefore, established a Crash Program on measles immunization towards children under-five (CU5) at the high risk region. Unfortunately, there are some refusals of being immunized which make the target on mwsles immunization coverage at Puskesmas Cimandala is cannot be reached Therefore, factors related to reiiisal on measles immunization are interested to study, especially to those that occur during the crash program on measles in 2007. The aim of the study is to find out factors related to the retiisal on measles immunization on the measles? crash program at the UPF Puskesmas Cimandala of Sukaraja sub-district at the District of Bogor. The design of the study is an unpaired case-control study, with lrl comparable case-control. Sample is children under-tive (CU5) aged 13 to 59 mom's who registered for the crash program of measles immunization at the immunization post. The size of sample is 400 that comprises as 200 sample of case and 200 sample of control. The case is CU5 who are not immunized and the parent is refused to sign the informed consent, while the control is CU5 who have immunized and the parent is agree to sign the informed consent. Both case and control are taken from the same immunization post, and control is chosen randomly. Analysis is in the fomt of univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. Based on the result of the study, factors related to the refusal of measles immunization are: child health condition assessment (OR: l5.560, 95% CI: 8.841 - 27388); status of measles immunization (OR: 3.732, 95% CI: 2.122 - 6564), and support from community leader (OR: 3.2I3, 95% Cl: 1.763 - 5.853). The study suggested that puskesmas Cimandala should give another chance for measles immunization towards those CU5 who have not been immunized in the crash program, addressing IEC about measles immunization towards community, harmless measles? vaccine, the child condition for being able and unable to immunize, the side effect of measles immunization and KIPI (?), prioritized in giving IBC to those parent whose CU5 is have not immunized, provide another chance of measles immunization for those CU5 that have not been immunized, and increase the approaching towards local community leaders. Suggestion towards the District Health Authority of Bogor that there is a need for new strategy for the next measles Crash Program that in order to reach the target without doing the sweeping and do advocating to the policy's decision makers.
Energy and other nutrients need are increase during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. Malnutrition is not just a lack of food but also a combination of several factors such as inadequate consumption of protein, energy and micronutrients, the presence of infectious diseases, inadequate health services, poor water and sanitation. Pregnant women with poor nutritional status will experience nutritional problems such as chronic energy deficiency (CED). Pregnant women who have a risk of CED are having mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) < 23.5 cm. Pregnant women who are at risk of CED are expected to have LBW babies. The purpose of this study was to determine the related factors of chronic energy deficiency risk on pregnant women in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional design using secondary data from basic health research in 2018. The sample of this study was 3,341 respondents of third trimester pregnant women. Data were analyzed using Cox Regression to determine the prevalence ratio (PR) the related factors of chronic energy deficiency with a Confident Interval (CI95%) to see significance. The prevalence of CED risk on pregnant women in Indonesia is 14.9%. The results of multivariat analysis showed that the related factors of CED risk were number of family members > 4 peoples ( PR 1.388; CI95% 1.1611.661), rural residance (PR 1.337; CI95% 1.111-1.608), multigravida (PR 0.604; CI95% 0.503-0.726) and grandemultigravida (PR 0.722; CI95% 0.515-1.011). It is recomendet that the goverment provide nutrition consultasy services at the public health center, counseling by midwives in village, limiting the number of children in the community started with labor and empowering communities especially in rural areas.
Factors Related to the Status of Excess of Nutrition on Adults in Bogor in 1997 (Analysis of Secondary Data)The success on health and nutrition development program carried out has been able to decrease nutritious problem that is faced by Indonesian significantly. However, the development also results in changing disease pattern that exists in Indonesia. Infectious disease and malnutrition seems decreased, on the contrary the generative and cancer diseases increased. The increasing of prosperity is followed by the changing of life style. The pattern of having food especially in the big cities moves from a traditional food pattern that consumes a lot of carbohydrate, vegetables and fiber into having a western food pattern that consumes a lot of fat, protein, sugar and salt but consumes less fiber. As consequences, the increase of over weight prevalent value can be seen in recent years in many part of Indonesia, especially in the big cities and also followed by the villages recently.
