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Kata Kunci : ASI eksklusif, gizi buruk (BB/U), anak usia 6-35 bulan
Indonesia has a nutritional problem is characterized by the magnitude of theprevalence of malnutrition among children under five. Malnutrition in childrenfrom birth to age three years will greatly affect the growth and development ofglial cells and brain myelination process, and therefore contributes to the qualityof his brain. In Karawang district proportion malnutrition (weight / age) infantsweighing in July 2013 was approximately 0.4 % , and 35.76 % of that number ischildren aged 6-35 months. The purpose of this study was to determine therelation of exclusive breastfeeding history with severe malnutrition status(weight/age) children aged 6-35 months in Karawang district in 2013 after beingcontrolled by the variable birth weight, child 's health status, dietary intake,maternal education, knowledge mother, maternal employment status, familyincome, number of family members and liveliness visit the neighborhood healthcenter. This study was conducted in August 2013 in Karawang district using case-control design. Cases were children aged 6-35 months in Karawang measuredweight on the weighing in July 2013 and have severe nutritional status (weight /age) and controls were children aged 6-35 months in Karawang measured weightonthe weighing in July 2013 and had a good nutritional status. In this study a totalsample of 276 (138 cases and 138 controls). Data were analyzed by multiplelogistic regression. The results showed a relation of exclusive breastfeedinghistory with severe malnutrition status (weight/age) children aged 6-35 months inKarawang districtin 2013. Children aged 6-35 months who had a history ofexclusive breastfeeding risk 0.26 times (95% CI 0,12-0,55) exposed to severemalnutrition (weight/age) compared with no history of exclusive breastfeedingafter controlled by food intake, maternal knowledge, and liveliness visit theneighborhood health center. History of exclusive breastfeeding decrease the riskof severe malnutrition (weight/age) in children aged 6-35 months in Karawangdistrict in 2013 by 74%.Efforts to prevent malnutrition in infants one of which isthe exclusive breastfeeding.Necessary of increases the health promotion ofexclusive breastfeeding with good and correct way to the target group effectivelyin order to get a good nutritional status.
Keyword : Exclusive breastfeeding, severe malnutrition status, childrenaged 6-35 months
Kata kunci:ASI Eksklusif, Perkembangan, Suspek Terhambat, Anak Usia 12 bulan
The children development in golden period is very important because determinequality of individu especially in the first year. Based on WHO data, more than 200millions children in developing countries had developmental delay risk. In Beiji,the prevalence of developmental delay 9,7%. Exclusive breastfeeding as a factorof developmental delay. In Musi Banyuasin regency, the prevalence of exclusivebreastfeeding is 56,3%. This study purposes is to analyze the relationship betweenhistory of exclusive breastfeeding and suspected delayed development among 12months infants. Besides, we had done qualitative methode among 11 informans tomining the deeply knowing of mom about relationship of exclusive breasfeedingto infant development. This study used cross sectional design involved 320sample (infants) at 19 Puskesmas in Musi Banyuasin Regency. The result showedthat the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and developmental delayamong infants was PR adjusted 1,932 (95% CI: 0,719-5,186). Furthermore, studyfound that mostly moms had known that exclusive breastfeeding related to infantdevelopment, but feeding tradition from grand mothers were play as a role factorin practicing exclusive breastfeeding among mothers.
Keywords:Exclusive Breastfeeding, Development, Suspected Delayed, 12 Months Infants
Bayi umur 4 - 6 bulan mulai mendapatkan makanan pendamping ASI (MP-AS1) secara bertahap, disamping masih tetap mendapat ASI. Pada masa ini kekebalan anak yang didapat secara pasif dari ibunya mulai menurun, sementara bayi mulai mendapatkan makanan yang kurang mencukupi dari kebutuhannya. Beberapa basil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi KEP pada bayi lebib dari 15% berdasarkan indeks status gizi (BB/U). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa masalah gizi pada bayi merupakan hal yang serius yang perlu segera ditangani.Penelitian ini menganalisis data sekunder dari Penelitian " Pola menyusui, Usia penyapihan dan Pemberian MP-ASI dalam Kaitannya dengan Status Gizi Batita (6 - 36 bulan) Di Kecamatan Pedamaran Kabupaten Ogan Komering Mir Sumatera Selatan Tabun 2001". Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh tentang kekuatan hubungan umur pertama kali pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi bayi. Pada penelitian ini desain yang digunakan adalah cross sectional (potong lintang). Sampel adalah bayi umur 6 - 12 bulan yang mendapatkan ASI. Analisis yang digunakan adalah univariat, bivariat dan multivariat_Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa prevalensi KEP sebesar 20,7%, rata-rata umur pemberian MP-ASI 3,8 bulan, sedangakan bayi yang diberi MP-ASI < 4 bulan sebesar 31,0%. Asupan energi dari rata-rata 764 kkal sedangkan asupan protein 16 gr. Dari basil analisis multivari.at didapatkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara umur pertama kali pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi bayi umur 6 - 12 bulan. Bayi yang mendapatkan MP-ASI pada umur < 4 bulan kemungkinan akan mengalami risiko gizi kurang 5,2251 kali dibandingkan dengan bayi yang mendapatkan MP-ASI pads mnur 4 - 6 bulan setelah dikontrol oleh asupan energi. Ternyata asupan energi berperan sebagai confounder, atau mempunyai pengaruh dalam meningkatkan hubungan umur pertama kali pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi bayi.Untuk meningkatkan status gizi bayi maka perlu dilakukan peningkatan pelaksanaan monitoring pertumbuhan melalui kegiatan UPGK di posyandu, selain itu kepada ibu menyusui hams diupayakan untuk tidak memberikan makanan prelakteal dan memberikan MP-ASI dini, karena bila sudah mendapat makanan prelakteal dan IvfP-ASI yang diberikan pada umur < 4 bulan bisa merugikan bayi. Petugas kesehatan berperan penting dalam memberikan pendidikan/konseling terhadap ibu hamil tentang manajemen laktasi. Agar bayi dapat memenuhi kebutuhan gizinya perlu dikembangkan makanan lokal melalui pelatihan pembuatan makanan lokal yang memenuhi syarat gizi dan cita rasa.
The Relationship between the First Age of Introducing Complementary Feeding with Nutritional Status of Babies aged 6 - 12 Months at Pedamaran Subdistrict Ogan Komering Ilir District South Sumatera in 2001Babies aged 6 -12 months begins to get complemernary feeding gradually while still breast feeded. In this age, baby immunity which was received passively from his mother decreases, while he begins to receive an inadequate food. Several researches show that protein energy malnutrition (PEM) prevalence to babies is more than 15% based on nutritional status index (Weight/Age). This shows that baby nutrition remains serious matter to overcome.The research analyzes secondary data obtained from the previous research titled "Breast feeding pattern, weaning age and complementary feeding in relation to the nutrition status of baby under three years ( 6 - 36 months) at Pedamaran Subdistrict, Ogan Komering Ilir District, South Sumatera in 2001". This research purpose is to obtain the relational strength between the first age of introducing complementary feeding and nutritional status of babies 6 - 12 months. This research uses cross sectional design, through univariat, bivariat, and multivariate analyses. Samples are baby aged 6 - 12 months who received Breast milkThe research result shows that Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) prevalence is 20,7%, mean of ages introducing complementary feeding is 3,8 months, mean of babies of age of introducing complementary feeding < 4 months is 31,0%, mean of energy intake is 764 kkal, and mean of protein intake is 16 gr. Multivariate analysis shows that there is significant relationship between first age of introducing complementary feeding and nutritional status of infant age 6 -12 months. Babies who received complementary feeding <4 months possible might experience with under nutrition (Weight/Age) risk more than 5,2251 than babies who received complementary feeding at 4 - 6 months of age after controlled by energy intake. Apparently, energy intake plays as confounder role, or has influence to increase the relationship between first age of complementary feeding and nutritional status of infants.In order to improve baby nutritional status, there should be monitoring improvement through UPGK program at Posyandu. In addition, mother is expected not to administer prelacteal food and able to administer exclusive breast-feeding, because babies given prelacteal and administered of introducing complementary feeding at the age <4 months, they will be harmful. On the other hand there should be information given both to health officers and pregnant mothers about lactation management . In order to baby nutrient necessity, there should be it needs local/ordinary foods development through the training of local food production which fulfills nutrition condition and flavor.
Stunting is a public health problem that needs to be addressed both in Indonesia and the World. The real impact of this problem is hampered motor development, mental growth and increased risk of morbidity and death. One of the risk factors for stunting in children is the lack of nutritional intake of infants, especially exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding with stunting in toddlers aged 12-36 months in Tamansari sub-district, Bogor district, 2019. The research design used was cross-sectional using primary data. The sample in this study amounted to 500 toddlers obtained by Proportional Random Sampling. This research was conducted in July 2019. Data collection was carried out by measuring height, body length, interviews with questionnaires and food recall. Stunting status was assessed based on the TB / U indicator <-2 z-score. The analysis used in this study uses multivariate cox regression analysis and the magnitude of the effect is expressed in the prevalence ratio (PR) with a 95% confident interval (CI). The results showed that the prevalence of stunting in toddlers aged 12-36 months in Tamansari sub-district, Bogor district in 2019 was 39.2%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that toddlers who were not given exclusive breastfeeding had a chance of 1.37 (95% CI: 1.03-1.83) times stunting compared to toddlers who were given exclusive breastfeeding after being controlled by maternal education and toddler calorie intake. It is necessary to improve maternal education at least high school and to provide toddlers food intake that is high in energy and protein and affordable by the community.
