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Kata kunci : pengantongan pupuk, tingkat risiko ergonomi, keluhan musculoskeletaldisorders, RULA dan REBA.
This study about description of ergonomics risk level and musculoskeletaldisorders complaints from the job fertilizer packing at PT. Pupuk SriwidjajaPalembang 2016. The risk factors studied in this study is ergonomics risk factors(work posture, duration, frequency and load) with RULA and REBA methods andalso individual risk factors (age, working time, and smoking). This study isdescriptive with cross sectional study design. The sample study are 72 workerspacking fertilizers. Result of this study is high risk level is found in working processarranging of sack in pallet. Medium risk level are found in working process fillingurea and sewing sacks. While, low risk level are found working process folding innerbag and cutting the yarn. Musculoskeletal Disorders complaints is the most at waist(87,5%), right shoulder (86,1%), and left shoulder (86,1%). It is important to controlthe risk with engineering control and administrative control.
Keywords : fertilizers packing, ergonomic risk level, musculoskeletal disorderscomplaints, RULA and REBA.
Kata Kunci : Analisis Risiko Kesehatan , TSP, Debu
Dust is one of the air pollutants that can harmful for human health. The presenceof dust in the air can cause such as harm to the health of the lungs. So there shouldbe monitoring of dust exposure to workers by calculated the level of risk. Thepurpose of this study was to determined risk characteristics of the TSP exposure inPT Pupuk Kujang. The design of this research studied used health risk analysismethods. Based on calculations, the dust exposure both of realtime and lifetimeworkshop machinery was still in the safe limits for RQ <1, while for the Kujangbagging 1A and bulk area for realtime RQ were still in the safe limits RQ <1,while for lifetime exposure RQ have exceeded the limit, exceeded more than 1,and in the feeding section NPK both realtime RQ and lifetime RQ have exceededthe standard of RQ> 1. Therefore this requires further control.
Keywords: Health Risk Analysis, TSP, Dust
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi pekerja bahan kimia di PT. XYZ berisiko terhadap pajanan Benzena nonkarsinogenik (RQ = 1,7442) dan karsinogenik (ECR = 1,76 x 10-4) pada durasi pajanan lifetime. Diketahui hubungan yang bermakna antara pajanan Benzena terhadap normalitas kadar hemoglobin (p = 0,015) dan eritrosit (p = 0,000). Risiko ketidaknormalan kadar hemoglobin dan eritrosit berturut-turut pada populasi terpajan adalah 6,92 kali (95% CI:1,28?37,29) dan 21,53 kali (95% CI:4,46?103,90) dibandingkan populasi tidak terpajan. Selain itu juga diketahui hubungan yang signifikan antara kenaikan jumlah asupan Benzena terhadap penurunan kadar haemoglobin (rs = -0,433; p = 0,044) dan eritrosit (rs = -0,474; p = 0,026).
Disimpulkan bahwa risiko kesehatan nonkarsinogenik dan karsinogenik akibat pajanan Benzena pada populasi pekerja bahan kimia di perusahaan minyak dan gas PT. XYZ akan terjadi pada durasi pajanan lifetime. Terdapat hubungan antara pajanan Benzena dengan ketidaknormalan hemoglobin dan eritrosit.
Chemical contractor worker at the oil and gas company PT. XYZ is a population at risk to Benzene exposure due to its activities and work environment condition that possibly exposed by Benzene vapour. This research is aimed to estimate noncarsinogenic and carsinogenic risk level, complemented with blood counts abnormality analysisdue to Benzene exposure, then determining risk management shall be done. The research is cross sectional study was done to all chemical contractor worker at PT. XYZ, consist of 22 person, and additional 22 person as a control was selected from employee of PT. XYZ working at the same location. The research yield that chemical worker population at PT. XYZ is at risk to the noncarsinogenic (RQ = 1.7442) and carsinogenic (ECR = 1.76 x 10-4) Benzene exposure at the lifetime exposure duration.
Its known that there is a correlation between Benzene exposure with normality of haemoglobin (p = 0.015) and erythrocytes (p = 0.000). The risk of abnormality haemoglobin and erythrocytes counts is 6.92 times (95% CI:1.28?37.29) dan 21.53 times (95% CI:4.46?103.90) respectively compare to the non exposed population. In addition, its identified that there is a significant correlation between increased Benzene intake to the haemoglobin (rs = -0.433; p = 0.044) and erythrocytes (rs = -0.474; p = 0.026) counts reduction.
In summary noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk due to Benzene exposure in the population of chemical worker at the oil and gas company PT. XYZ will occure at the lifetime exposure duration. There is a correlation between Benzene exposure with abnormality of haemoglobin and erythrocytes.
Sejak adanya laporan penelitian Heinrich tahun 1951 yang memperlihatkan bahwa perlaku tidak aman bertanggung jawab atas lebih dari 90% kecelakaan kerja dan telah banyak perusahaan dan industri yang menggunakan pendekatan behavioral based safety (BBS) dalam program kesehatan dan keselamatan kerjanya. Sebagai sebuah industri kimia, PT Pupuk Sriwijaya (PT Pusri) juga memiliki banyak resiko kecelakaan kerja bagi karyawannya dan sejak tahun 2012 PT Pusri telah melaksanakan program K3. Pada tahun 2012 PT Pusri berada pada level 3 dari maksimum level 5 berdasarkan hasil survai Safety Culture Maturity Level (SCML). Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan tinjauan terhadap pelaksanaan BBS dalam program K3 di PT Pusri Palembang. Penilitian ini adalah sebuah penelitian potong lintang yang menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2013 dengan fokus utama pada implementasi 9 kriteria BBS yaitu ownership, ketetapan baku definisi safe/unsafe behavior, pelatihan, observasi, pengukuran performa program, umpan balik, reinforcement, goal-setting dan review di PT Pusri Palembang. Sampel penelitian adalah karyawan dan manejer yang telah bekerja sekurang-kurangnya satu tahun yang setuju menjadi partisipan dalam penelitian ini, dengan 44 orang dari unit produksi dipakai sebagai informan kunci. Data dikumpulkan dengan memakai kuesioner yang dirancang khusus, daftar tilik, observasi dan wawancara mendalam. Semua data kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan analisis konten serta analisis triangulasi. Ditemukan bahwa pelaksanaan program K3 di PT Pusri masih belum sejalan dengan kriteria pencapaian BBS. Walaupun demikian ditemukan juga adanya kesadaran akan kelemahan tersebut dan adanya sikap positif dikalangan pimpinan dan staf untuk memperbaiki kekurangan yang ada. Berdasarkan temuan ini peneliti ingin memberikan rekomendasi kepada PT Pusri untuk merancang ulang program K3 yang disesuaikan dengan pendekatan BBS sebagaimana telah dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan dan industri besar diseluruh dunia.
Since Heinrich reproted in 1951 that unsafe behaviors were responsible for up to 90% of harms and injuries among workers, Behavioral Based Safety approach has been implemented by many industries and corporates around the world. As a chemical industry, PT Pupuk Sriwijaya brings occupational risks to the workers and since 2012 Occupational Health and Safety (K3) programs has been implemented. In 2012 PT Pusri was in level 3 from maximum level of 5, according to Safety Culture Maturity Level (SCML) score. The main objective of this study is to review the implementation of Behavioral Based Safety (BBS) approach integrated in the Occupational Health and Safety Prorams at PT Pusri Palembang. This is a crosssectional study with quantitative and qualitative approach, carried out in May 2013 focusing at the implementation of the 9 BBS criteria i.e., ownership, predetermined definitions of the safe/unsafe behaviors, trainings, observations, program performance assessment, feedbacks, reinforcements, goal-setting and reviews as practiced so far at PT Pusri Palembang. The study participants are managements and labors of PT Pusri who have been working at least for one year and agree to take part in the study, of which 44 of the participants from the production unit were treated as key source-persons. Data and information were collected by means of a specially devised questionnaire, check-lists, observations and in-depth interviews. All data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, content-analysis and triangulation analysis. It was found out that the K3 programs performed at PT Pusri has not been in line with the BBS implementation criteria yet. However it is fortunate to find out that the awareness of the flaws and the need of improvement are profound among the PT Pusri management. Based on these findings, I would like to recommend PT Pusri to redesign its K3 programs according to the BBS criteria as already practised by others big corporates around the world.
Working process in section Bagging Off has the risk of MSDs to workers. Thisstudy describe the risk level of ergonomic which potentially causingmusculoskeletal disorders to workers and an overview of complaint subjectivemusculoskeletal disorders on workers at PT. JAPFA Comfeed Indonesia UnitTangerang. The design of this study is cross sectional using REBA and RULA toassess the ergonomic risk level at each stage of working process and Nordic BodyMap (NBM) to know where the complaints on workers. Based on REBAassessment on working process of palleting showed very high risk level, RULAassessment on working process of sewing showed very high risk level and REBAassessment on working process of bagging showed high risk level and mediumrisk level. NBM assessment showed there is 20 workers have complaint in waist,8 workers have complain in under waist and 7 workers have complaint in upperneck and right shoulder. This level of risk can be reduced by providing AdjustablePallet Stand to working process of palleting, redesign workplace on workingprocess of sewing and providing chair which is suitable to workers on workingprocess of bagging. Besides that, workers have to stretch the muscles beforeworking, in the middle of working and after working, and then working with thecorrect posture.
