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Background: Infant’s survival is still low on Indonesia, it based on high IMR level on Indonesia. IMR on Indonesia is higher compared to other ASEAN country and still on intermediate rock condition and multiplicity among the area, which are 32 per 1000 birth on urban and 52 per 1000 birth on rural. From previous researches which more concentrate on factors relate to infant mortality, and few analyze on infant’s survival age, and not comparing infant’s survival on urban and rural. Objektive: This research’s aim is to describe infant’s survival probability also analyzing faktors relate to infant’s survival on Indonesia and based on the urban and rural area. Methods: This research is using SDKI 2002-2003 data. Cross sectional data on SDKI 2002-2003 can be analyze by survival analyses because it contain time and event information, with survey period from infant’s birth until less than one year age. Sample’s amount 11.588 infant, consist of 4.769 infant on urban and 6.819 infant on rural. Data analysis using survival analysis application with life table and Cox regression also time independent covariate if variabel doesn’t meet proportional hazard ratio assumption. Result: Probability infant’s survival on urban (98,59%) higher than on rural (97,54%). On rural infant’s mortality proportion is twice higher than on urban. Infant’s survival time probability decline on first month age (neonatal mortality), for higher age infant’s survival time probability is still low, but not as low as the first month age. According to the area, on urban infant’s survival time probability is even lower than on rural. Faktors related to infant’s survival time probability on urban are birth weight, breast feeding period, birth assistance and interaction between birth assistance with birth weight after controlled by antenatal service visit frequency faktor, birth weight, birth assistance, birth queue number, breast feeding period, bearing place, birth assistance interaction with breast feeding period after controlled by birth distant faktor and gender. Conclusion: Infant’s survival determinant faktor is infant condition when the baby born, besides the antenatal service visit frequency. As a dominant faktor is breast feeding period. Midwife or birth assistance is a precondition faktors of infant’s weight effect and breast feeding on infant effect to infant survival time. Appropriate intervention is needed for problem that found on each city and rural area. Main intervention effort is increasing early breast feeding as soon as the infant born which also an advantage for lessening birth interval, beside it also improves birth assistance ability on BBLR infant process, and helps mother on breast feeding as soon as the baby born, increase antenatal service coverage, and increase birth delivery coverage by health worker. Keyword: Infant, Infant Survival, Survival Analysis, Rural and Urban, Proportional Hazard Model.
Salah satu penyebab utama tingginya angka kematian bayi adalah masalah berat badan lahir di bawah 2500 gram (Berat Badan Lahir Rendah atau BBLR). Berdasarkan data dari Statistik Rumah Sakit Indonesia tahun 2005, sebanyak 40,7% kematian bayi terbanyak disebabkan oleh berat badan lahir yang rendah, pertumbuhan janin yang lambat, malnutrisi janin, dan gangguan yang berhubugan dengan kecukupan masa kehamilan. Berdasarkan data dari sampel penelitian, angka BBLR di RSUD Pasar Rebo pada tahun 2007 mencapai 8,7%. Pada beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa karakteristik ibu hamil sangat mempengaruhi berat badan bayi yang dilahirkan, seperti umur, paritas, tingkat pendidikan, kunjungan kehamilan, usia kehamilan dan yang lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi berat badan bayi lahir yang dilihat melalui data rekam medis RSUD Pasar Rebo tahun 2007, dan juga untuk melihat faktor apa saja yang paling berperan dalam penentuan berat badan bayi Iahir. Beberapa variabel yang diduga mempengaruhi berat badan bayi lahir yaitu usia ibu, tingkat pendidikan ibu, paritas, usia kehamilan, kenaikan berat badan ibu selama hamil, dan kelengkapan kunjungan antenatal. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah kroseksional dengan menggunakan data retrospektif pada rekam medis rumah sakit. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang melahirkan di RSUD Pasar Rebo pada tahun 2007, dan memiliki register atau data lengkap mengenai variabel yang diteliti, termasuk berat badan bayi pada waktu lahir, serta minimal melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan pada trimester pertama. Sedangkan sampel diperoleh dengan teknik simple random sampling, dan besar jumlah sampel dihitung menggunakan rumus sample size uji hipotesis koefisien korelasi dengan variabel kontinyu/numerik. Hasil analisis dan pengolahan data menunjukkan berat badan bayi lahir berdistribusi normal dengan rata-rata berat badan bayi lahir sebesar 3126,6 gram dan standar deviasi sebesar 453,655 gram. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan, usia kehamilan, dan kenaikan berat badan ibu selama hamil berhubungan signifikan dengan berat badan bayi lahir. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linier ganda, didapatkan bahwa ketiga variabel tersebut memiliki kontribusi untuk penentuan berat badan bayi lahir, dan tingkat pendidikan yang kontribusinya paling besar. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi berat badan bayi lahir dengan menggunakan metode analisis yang lain mengingat angka kontribusi yang ditunjukkan relatif kecil yaitu sekitar 16%.
One of the main causes of high baby mortality rate is birth weight under 2500 gram (low birth weight / LBW). Based on data from Indonesian Hospital Statistics in 2005, as much as 40,7% baby’s death is caused by low birth weight, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal malnutrition, and problems related with term of pregnancy. Based on data from sample, LBW in RSUD Pasar Rebo in 2007 reached 8,7%. Some research concluded characteristics of mother that influence baby birth weight, i.e. age, parity, education level, ante natal care visit, term of pregnancy, and many more. The aim of this research is to know the factors that influence baby birth weight which observed from medical record in RSUD Pasar Rebo in 2007, and to see which factor that influence the most in predicting baby birth weight. Some variables which suspected in influencing baby birth weight are maternal age, maternal education level, parity, term of pregnancy, weight-gained during pregnancy, and accomplishment of antenatal care visit. The design of this study is cross-sectional by using retrospective data in hospital medical record. The population of this study is all mothers who gave birth in RSUD Pasar Rebo in 2007, and have complete registration and data in variables that observed, including baby birth weight, and at least did antenatal care visit in the first trimester. Samples are obtained by simple random sampling, and the amount of samples are measured using correlation coeficient hypothesis testing sample size f0l'l"l1l.ll3 with continuous / numerical variable. Data processing and analysis showed that baby birth weight are distributed normally with mean 3126.6 gram and 453.655 gram standard deviation. The analysis showed that education level, term of pregnancy, and weight-gained during pregnancy is significantly related with baby birth weight. Based on double linear regretion analysis, those three variables have contribution in predicting baby birth weight, and education level contribute the most. The result of this study about factors that influence baby birth weight is expected to be developed further with other analysis method, with consideration that the contribution level is relatively small, i.e. approximately 16%.
