ABSTRACT Title: This study was aimed to assess the house hold mothers sanitation ( source of drinking water) and hygiene factors (Time of hand washing with soap) and it?s association to ascariasis of their under five years old children in the district of Sikka Nusa Tenggara West Timor (NTT) province. Stool samples were collected from 640 children from Sikka district. The prevalence of Intestinal ascaris infection was 12.50 % in this study. According to the education mother?s only 2.3% of mothers have high education,while in a huge percentage 66.56% of mothers have low level of education. 32.20% of mother have some kind of activities to earn the money. Highet percentage of children are related in the age group between 1-3 years, but only 0.13% of children have relationship to the group of under one years . According to the nutritional status of children almost half percent of children were under nutrition. By source of drinking water the highest percentage 76.56% of house hold mothers use safe drinking water. According to the activities of hand washing with soap most of house hold mother do not have this habit. While hand washing with soap after cleaning the child defecation is a donminent variable in this study (Protective) with (OR 0.40 CI 95% 0,24 ? 0,65). While in this study we do not find any significant difference of the independent variables to dependent variabe of ascariasis.