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Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) adalah upaya kesehatan masyarakat yang dilaksanakan dalam rangka pembinaan kesehatan anak usia sekolah. Anak usia sekolah (6-21 tahun) merupakan kelornpok yang sangat strategis untuk mempersiapkan generasi penerus pembangunan yang sehat, mandiri, produktif, berkualitas, tangguh dan mampu bersaing secara global tetapi juga kelompok yang rawan karena sedang mengalami masa perturnbuhan fisik yang sangat cepat dan tidak Seimbang dengan perkembangan mental dan sosialnya. Pelaksanaan Program UKS di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Punvakarta berada di bawah Seksi Pelayanan Kesehatan Dasar pada Bidang Pelayanan Kesehatan Dasar sesuai Pemturan Bupati Purwakarta Nomor 11 Tahun 2005 tentang Tugas pokok dan fungsi Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Punwakarta. Hasil kegiatan UKS di Kabupaten Purwakarta berasal dari laporan hasil penjaringan dan laporan keadaan UKS, sedangkan laporan LB4 kegiatan UKS pada SP3 sesungguhnya berasal dari Iaporan penjaringan meskipun ada beberapa variabel yang berbeda. Berdasarkan pencapaian kegiatan UKS dari Standar Pelayanan Minimal tahun 2005 yaitu Cakupan deteksi dini tumbuh kembang anak balita dan prasekolah sebesar 74,57%, cakupan pemeriksaan kesehatan siswa SD dan setingkat oleh tenaga kesehatan atau tenaga terlatih (guru UKS atau dokter kecil) sebesar 61,82% dan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan remaja sebesar SI,I7%. Angka ini masih dibawah target SPM secara nasional. Pencapaian sekolah UKS di Kabupaten Purwakarta tahun 2006 yaitu TK/RA 58,6%, SD/MI 88,8%, SMP/MTS 8l,0% dan SMA(K)/MA 870,7% sedangkan pencapaian strata/paket pelayanan UKS sekolah yang mencapai paket optimal dan paripurna masih sangat kecil yaitu berkisar 0-17,5% pada paket optimal dan O~l,8% pada paket paripuma. I-Iasil penjaringan kesehatan rnenunjukan penyakit terbesar yang ditemukan pada anak usia sekolah adalah penyakit gigi dan mulut. Metodologi yang digunakan berdasarkan 5)/stem Development Li/22 Cycle (SDLC) yang terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, analisis, perancangan dan implementasi sistem/uji coba prototype. Pengumpulan data dan informasi melalui wawancara xnendalarn, telah dokumen dan obsrvasi. Unit kexja yang menjadi obyek penelitian adalah Dinas kesehatan, Puskesmas Jatiluhur, Puskesmas Campaka dan Puskesmas Plered di Kabupaten Purwakarta. Dalam penelitian ini telah dihasilkan prototipe Sistem Informasi Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) di Kabupaten Purwakarta yang diharapkan dapat membantu pelaksanaan manajemen UKS sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas Iaporan dan pencapaian kegiatan UKS. Pelaksanaan sistem informasi ini agar berjalan dengan baik dan berkelanjutan membutuhkan komitmen dan kebijakan yang kuat dari penentu kebijakan, aturan yang jelas tentang organisasi pelaksana, motivasi yang kuat dari pelaksana dan dukungan dana yang berkesinambungan.
Health effort at school (UKS) is a public health effort which is conducted in health training for school age children. School age children (6-21 years old) are most strategic group to prepare next generation of health development, self-supporting, productive, quality, delay and can compete globally but they are also a gristle group because they have been experiencing a high physical growth period and this is not balance with their physical growth and social. UKS program at Health Service Department in District of Purwakarta is conducted at Section of Primary Health Service in Department of Primary Health Service based on Regent Regulation of Purwakarta No. ll in 2005 concerning main duty and function of Health Department at District of Putwakarta. UKS activity result at District of Purwakarta comes from connection result report and UKS report, while LB4 report of UKS activity on SP3 comes from connection report although there are some different variables. According to UKS activity result of Minimize Service Standard in 2005 such as early detection coverage of children underfive years old and pre school children growth are 74,57%, health check coverage for Primary School children and the same level by health worker or expert (UKS teacher or young doctor) are 61,82% dan health service coverage for adult are 5l,l7%. This number is still under SPM target nationally. UKS School coverage at District of Purwakarta in 2006 included kindergarten are 58,6%, Primary School are 88,8%, Junior High School are 8l,0% and Senior High School are 87O,7%, while level coverage of UKS service at school which reached an optimal and paripurna level is still low, it is 0-115% on optimal level and 0-l,8% on paripurna level. Health coverage level indicated that the biggest disease which is found in school age children are tootle and mouth disease. This study used a System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method which contains steps of planning, analysis, arrangement and implementation of prototype test system. Data and information was collected by in-depth interview, document study and observation. Job unit which became study object is Heath Service Department at District of Purwakarta., Primary Health Care of Jatiluhur, Primary Health Care of Campaka and Primary Health Care of Plered at District of Purwakartai This study resulted a prototype of UKS Information System at District of Purwakarta which is suggested it can help UKS management implementation so it can improve report quality and UKS activity coverage. This information system implementation is suggested can conduct well and continue. It needs a high commitment and policy from policy maker, good regulation of organization officer, high motivation from officer and continuity of financial support.
Usia sekolah dasar adalah masa penanaman perilaku sehat sedini mungkin. Pada masa sekolah, siswa diberikan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku sehat dengan harapan akan membentuk kebiasaan hidup sehat sampai masa dewasa. Oleh sebab itu, masa usia sekolah dasar sangat panting dalam pembangunan SDM kesehatan.Upaya pembinaan kesehatan sekolah selama ini telah dijalankan melalui program yang dinamakan Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS). Puskesmas Sukasari adalah salah satu puskesmas yang memiliki sekolah binaan dan siswa binaan UKS yang banyak dibandingkan dengan puskesmas lainnya. Mengingat banyaknya jumlah sekolah dan siswa yang dipantau oleh Puskesmas Sukasari, maka kebutuha.n untuk menciptakan Sistem Informasi yang menggunakan teknologi komputer dirasa sudah mendesak. Permasalahan yang ada adalah belum ada Sistem Aplikasi Praktis Program UKS. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Sistem Aplikasi Praktis Program UKS yang dapat menginput data, mengolah dan menganalisis data UKS, dan menyajikan hasil analisis berdasarkan indikator program UKS. Diharapkan hasilnya nanti dapat mempermudah dan memperlancar kegiatan puskesmas, terutama untuk penyusunan tindak lanjut program UKS. Sistem Aplikasi Praktis Program UKS ini akan dilaksanakan di bagian Sie Kesehatan Puskesmas Kota Tangerang. Adapun sampel penelitian diambil dari laporan bulanan program UKS tahun 2005. Proses pelaksanaan pengembangan sistem ini dilaksanakan hanya sampai tahap uji cobs prototype di laboratorium FKMUI. Dalam mewujudkan tujuan penelitian maka pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kerangka pikir adalah pendekatan sistem (masukan, proses dan keluaran). Aplikasi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawancara mendalam, studi dokumen, observasi dan melalui tahap pengembangan sistem yang terdiri dari pengumpulan kebutuhan, perancangan cepat prototype, pembentukan prototype, evaluasi prototype dengan pemakai, hasil sistem atau dikenal dengan metode Sistem Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Langkah-langkah Pengembangan Sistem yang dilakukan dimulai dari tahap Perencanaan, tahap Analisis Sistem, tahap Perancangan Sistern, dan tahap Implementasi Sistem. Dari basil telaah dokumen dan wawancara rnendalam ditemukan beberapa kendala dalam mengerjakan pelaporan UKS. Dalam alur pelaporan ditemukan beberapa kendala pada input, proses dan output. Penulis kemudian merancang aplikasi yang dibatasi pada kegiatan yang meliputi standar pelayanan UKS, kegiatan BIAS dan Penjaringan/Screening di tingkat puskesmas. Sistem Aplikasi Praktis UKS ini memerlukan spesifikasi software dan hardware sebagai berikut : a) Kebutuhan Software: Sistem operasi Windows 98120001xp, Office 2000 atau lebih tinggi, dan Microsoft Access; b) Kebutuhan Hardware: Pentium III atau lebih tnggi, RAM 128 MB, Hardisk 10 GB, dan monitor SVGA Dalam rancangan database UKS ini meliputi beberapa file yang sating berhubungan yaitu Data Master (File sekolah, file siswa), Data Kegiatan (File sarana, File kegiatan), Laporan (disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik) dan Pemeliharaan Data (File backup dan restore). Pengembangan sistem aplikasi ini masih memiliki beberapa kekurangan sehingga pengembangan dari sistem harus terns dilakukan untuk mengikuti kebutuhan pemakai.Sedang kelebihannya dengan adanya basis data maka akan memudahkan bagi pengguna untuk pemasukan, pencarian maupun pengambilan data dan informasi yang dibutuhkan dengan cepat. Agar sistem baru ini dapat berjalan maka diperlukan pelatihan bagi teknisi clan Jana dan komitmen yang kuat dan Kepala Puskesmas Kota Tangerang agar pengembangan sistem ini berkesinambungan.
Primary school age is the crucial period to instill healthy lifestyle in children. During this period, children are equipped with knowledge of how to lead a healthy life so that they will have healthy habits later on as adults. Therefore, it is important to develop human resources on health during the primary school age. Effort to promote health issues in schools has been run through a program called School Health Program (SHP). In Tangerang, there is one Puskesmas, Sukasari Puskesmas, that fosters more schools' SHP than the other Puskesmas in the city. Concerning the number of schools and students that this Puskesmas supervises, it is urgent to make Computerized Information System to support the Puskesmas and SHP itself. One major problem in sustaining the program is there is no integrated Database Information System of SHP available. This research aims to develop an integrated database information system which can input data of SHP, process and analyze the data, and present the analyses based on the program indicator of SHP. It is expected that the outcome of this system will ease and promote the clinic's work, especially in constructing the follow up program of SHP. The development of Integrated Aplication System of SHP will be done in Health Unit of Puskesmas of Tangerang, Banten Province. The research sample was taken from monthly report of SHP in 2005. The process of the system development implementation was executed up to prototype try out phase in the laboratory of Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia. This research applied the systemic approach (input, process, and output). The database system development used the qualitative approach through intensive interviews, documents study, observation, and system developmental phase which consists of collecting what are needed, System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The document study and intensive interviews showed that there are several obstacles in doing the SHP report, such as difficulties in the input, process and output phases. The writer then designed a system which is limited on the activities related to SHP services, BIAS, and screening in Puskemas level. The Database Information System of SHP needs the following software and hardware requirements: a) Software: Windows Operation System 98120001Xp, Microsoft Office 2000 or higher, and Microsoft Access; b) Hardware: Pentium III or higher, 128 MB RAM, 10 GB HDD, and SVGA monitor. In the database design, there are several files that are interrelated, named Master Data (school files, student files), Activity Data (facility files, activity files), Report (presented in forms of tables and charts) and Data Maintenance (backup file and restore). There are yet some flaws in this system development; therefore, it is necessary to continuously advance the system according to the users' needs. Apart from that, this new system has some good features. It is more complete than the previous system (the analyses are based on the available indicators) and the output display is more informative and attractive (as they are presented in forms of tables and charts based on the activities of each school or puskesmas). In addition, because of the database availability, users can easily make some inputs, do some searches and quickly take data or information that they need. In order to run the new system well, it is necessary to have some training for the technicians. Funding and strong commitment from the Head of Puskesmas of Tangerang are also fundamental in sustaining the system advancement in the future.
Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan basis data di puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan yang bermanfaat sebagai alat bantu dalam menghasilkan informasi yang dapat dijadikan acuan dalam menentukan kebijakan, perencanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi program dalam rangka menurunkan prevalensi karies dan meningkatkan cakupan UKGS.
Metoda : Metoda yang digunakan adalah metoda pendekatan System Development Life Cicle (SDLC) dengan cara observasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan.
Hasil : Pengembangan sistem dimulai dari penetapan kebutuhan sistem, pemodelan sistem serta penetapan perangkat lunak dan keras yang digunakan dengan harapan dapat menghasilkan informasi dalam menyusun perencanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi program UKGS.Sistem informasi UKGS dikembangkan dengan rancangan formulir input dan tampilan output yang berisi cakupan UKGS, Indikator, grafik dan Peta sebaran tenaga Kesehatan gigi di Kabupaten Sumedang.
Kesimpulan : Pelaksanaan sistem informasi ini agar berjalan dengan baik dan berkelanjutan membutuhkan komitmen dan kebijakan yang kuat dari penentu kebijakan, aturan yang jelas tentang organisasi pelaksana, motivasi yang kuat dari pelaksana dan dukungan dana yang berkesinambungan.
Kata kunci : Sistem informasi, UKGS
Background: The result from a quick survey on dental health at Sumedang district in 2004 shows that 64 % prevalency caries affected children from the 6th grade students, DMF-T average 1.78 and PTI value at 5,2 %. However, In 2010 the Departement of Health targetting prevalency caries < 50 %. Indeks DMF-T average < 1.00 and PTI > 50%. On the evaluation in report of UKGS activities in 2003, it is said that 50% of Puskesmas did not report their UKGS activities. The reason for this was because the expected UKGS activities was not running well.
Objective : The purpose of this research is to develop information data base in Puskesmas and Dinas Kesehatan, as a result will be useful as a guide line in making policy, planning, monitoring and evaluating program in effort to reduce the presentage of prevalency of caries. In addition increase UKGS objectivities.
Methodes: The method used in this research is called development life cycle system (SDLC) by observing and extensivelly interviewing the informant.
Results: In developing a system it should begin with an implication of required model and hardware and software. This system will be used to obtain information of arranging a plan, monitoring and evaluation of UKGS program. UKGS information system is developed with the input design form and output sheet that contains UKGS covarage, indicator, graphic and distribution map of dental health personnel in Sumedang District.
Conclution: Good and continuity of system implementation need the policy and commitment of decision maker, clear regulation of system organization, good motivation of the system operator and continuity of financial support.
Keywords: Information system, UKGS
Recapitulation process data manually on information systems school healthprogram in the City of Bogor takes a long data analysis and often lead to errorsexisting data variable calculation. This study aims to design managementinformation systems application for school health program is able to produce theinformation in accordance with the essential requirements at the institutional level.This study is a qualitative research method using a RAD (Rapid ApplicationDevelopment) which includes the stages of planning needs, design the user, andconstruction. This research resulted in a web-based prototype application ofmanagement information systems for school health program to integrated of inschool level up to the level of Bogor City Health Department. The design of theapplication management information systems can help implementers users ofschool health program in Bogor to doing data input, data processing, and datapresentation so that the expected inforward disitribution able to improve theaccuracy and timeliness of reporting.Keywords: Designing, Management Information Systems, School Health Program