Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyakit tidak menular yang prevalensinya terus meningkat, terutama pada kelompok usia dewasa di wilayah perkotaan seperti Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor asupan (natrium, lemak, serat, kalium), Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), dan gaya hidup (aktivitas fisik, merokok, dan stres) dengan kejadian hipertensi serta mengidentifikasi faktor dominan yang memengaruhi hipertensi pada penduduk dewasa usia 45–59 tahun di Kecamatan Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 153 orang. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan pengukuran langsung. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian didapatkan prevalensi hipertensi pada responden sebesar 54,9%, hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari setengah responden dalam kelompok usia tersebut menderita hipertensi. Pada uji multivariat dengan memasukkan faktor asupan natrium, lemak, serat, aktivitas fisik, merokok dan stress didapatkan hasil nilai p = 0,025 pada asupan natrium (OR = 2,276) dan merokok (OR = 2,805), hal ini menjadikan keduanya sebagai faktor dominan yang berkontribusi terhadap hipertensi. 

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Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases with a continuously increasing prevalence, particularly among the adult population in urban areas such as Jakarta. This study aims to examine the relationship between dietary factors (sodium, fat, fiber, potassium), Body Mass Index (BMI), and lifestyle factors (physical activity, smoking, and stress) with the incidence of hypertension, as well as to identify the dominant factors influencing hypertension among adults aged 45–59 years in Kemayoran District, Central Jakarta. A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving a total of 153 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and direct measurements. Data analysis was conducted using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The results showed a hypertension prevalence of 54.9% among respondents, indicating that more than half of individuals in this age group were affected by hypertension. Multivariate analysis, which included sodium intake, fat intake, fiber intake, physical activity, smoking, and stress, revealed that sodium intake (p = 0.025; OR = 2.276) and smoking (OR = 2.805) were the dominant contributing factors to hypertension.

Hipertensi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting pada usia produktif. Selain faktor gaya hidup dan pola makan, label pangan diduga turut berperan dalam membentuk perilaku konsumsi yang pada akhirnya dapat memengaruhi risiko hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan faktor gaya hidup, label pangan, dan pola makan dengan kejadian hipertensi serta menguji peran mediasi pola makan pada usia produktif di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Cakung. Penelitian analitik dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan pada 152 usia produktif (18–59 tahun) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kecamatan Cakung, Jakarta Timur. Sampel dipilih menggunakan stratified proportional sampling dan consecutive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square, Mann–Whitney, dan PROCESS Hayes Model 4 dengan bootstrap 5000. Prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 33,6%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa asupan energi, asupan karbohidrat, asupan natrium, durasi tidur, usia, jenis kelamin, dan IMT berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian hipertensi (p<0,05). Analisis mediasi menunjukkan bahwa asupan energi dan karbohidrat memediasi hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan hipertensi, asupan karbohidrat memediasi hubungan stres dan perilaku terhadap label pangan dengan hipertensi, serta asupan natrium memediasi hubungan durasi tidur dengan hipertensi. Pola makan terbukti memediasi beberapa hubungan antara faktor gaya hidup dan perilaku terhadap label pangan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada usia produktif. Oleh karena itu, upaya pencegahan hipertensi perlu dilakukan melalui pendekatan terpadu yang mencakup perbaikan gaya hidup, pola makan, serta peningkatan perilaku terhadap label pangan.

Hypertension remains a major public health concern among productive-age adults. In addition to lifestyle and dietary factors, food labels are believed to play a role in shaping dietary behaviors that may ultimately influence the risk of hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the associations of lifestyle factors, food labels, and dietary patterns with hypertension and to examine the mediating role of dietary patterns among productive-age adults in the working area of the Cakung District Public Health Center. This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 152 productive-age adults (18–59 years) in the working area of the Cakung District Public Health Center, East Jakarta. Participants were selected using stratified proportional sampling and consecutive sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using Chi-square tests, Mann–Whitney tests, and PROCESS Hayes Model 4 with 5,000 bootstrap samples. The prevalence of hypertension was 33.6%. Energy intake, carbohydrate intake, sodium intake, sleep duration, age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with hypertension (p<0.05). Mediation analysis showed that energy intake and carbohydrate intake mediated the relationship between physical activity and hypertension, carbohydrate intake mediated the relationships of stress and food label behavior with hypertension, and sodium intake mediated the relationship between sleep duration and hypertension. Dietary patterns were found to mediate several relationships between lifestyle factors and food label use behavior and hypertension among productive-age adults. Therefore, hypertension prevention efforts should adopt an integrated approach that promotes healthy lifestyles, improved dietary patterns, and enhanced food label use behavior.