Abstrak:

Abstrak

Pada tahun 2011, 235 juta orang di dunia menderita asma (WHO, 2011). Di Indonesia, prevalensi asma terus mengalami peningkatan yaitu sekitar 4,0% (Kemenkes, 2008). Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan biaya perawatan pasien asma di RSUP Persahabatan. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang (cross sectional). Sumber data primer didapatkan dari catatan rekam medik pasien. Sampel pada penelitian berjumlah 41 orang. Penelitian ini melibatkan 41 pasien terdiri dari 29 orang (70,7%) perempuan dan 12 (29,3%), 58,5% pasien tidak bekerja, 53% pasien menggunakan askes. Sebanyak 31,7% pasien asma menderita penyakit penyerta non TB dimana 36,6% pasien dirawat di kelas 1. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan total biaya perawatan pasien asma di RSUP Persahabatan adalah cara pembayaran, kelas perawatan, dan lama hari rawat.

In 2011, as many as 235 million people worldwide suffer from asthma (WHO, 2011). In Indonesia, the prevalence of asthma is increasing at about 4.0% (Ministry of Health, 2008).The general objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with patient care costs of asthma in the department of Friendship.The study design was cross-sectional (cross-sectional). Sources of primary data obtained from the patient medical record. The samples in this study amounted to only 41 people. The study involved 41 patients, including 29 men (70.7%) women and 12 (29.3%) of men who had an average age of 43.60 years. 58.5% of patients did not work, 53% of patients using the health insurance payment. A total of 31.7% of patients with asthma suffer from comorbidities non TB where 36.6% of patients admitted to class 1. Factors associated with the total cost of patient care in the department of Friendship asthma among other means of payment, classroom maintenance, and long day care.

Abstrak: Tingginya angka putus berobat merupakan masalah serius dalampengobatan TB karena memunculkan resistensi obat, meningkatkan kekambuhan,gagal pengobatan,dan berpotensi penularan yang menyebabkan peningkatanbeban dan transmisi TB. Sistem skoring faktor risiko untuk memprediksikesintasan putus berobat pada penderita TB belum banyak diteliti. Studi inibertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem skoring faktor prediktor kesintasan putusberobat penderita TB paru.Studi dilakukan pada April-Mei 2015 di poli DOTS RSUP Persahabatan,menggunakan desain cohort retrospective yang bersumber dari form TB 01 danrekam medis. Sampel sebanyak 370 dengan penderita putus berobat sebagai event,70 orang, penderita sembuh dan pengobatan lengkap sebagai sensor, 300 orang.Probabilitas kumulatif kesintasan putus berobat penderita TB adalah 81%. Hasilanalisis multivariat menemukan prediktor jenis kelamin, diagnosis TB, dan ambilobat sesuai jadwal yang berinteraksi dengan waktu mempunyai nilai p 0,043,0,008, 0,0001 berturut-turut, berisiko terhadap kesintasan putus berobat denganHR 1,7 (95%CI:1,02-2,99), 1,9 (95%CI:1,18-3,05) dan 32,7 (95%CI:14,78-72,18).Variabel mengambil obat sesuai jadwal semakin meningkat HR nya seiringmeningkatnya waktu pengamatan. Hasil skoring model akhir mampu memprediksikesintasan kejadian putus berobat penderita TB paru sebesar 92%, dan nilai cut-off untuk skor model skoring ≥21.Perlu meningkatkan KIE pada penderita secara efektif khususnyapenderita yang laki-laki, diagnosis TB BTA negatif dan mengambil obat tidaksesuai jadwal, meningkatkan jejaring internal maupun eksternal rumah sakit,untuk mengendalikan angka putus berobat TB.Kata Kunci: tuberculosis, putus berobat, kesintasan, skoring

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Treatment default is a serious problem in tuberculosis control because itimplies resistance, increased relaps, failure, persistence of infectious source andfurther increased burden and transmission tuberculosis. Scoring system of defaultrisk factors to predict survival patients have been not studied yet, particularly inIndonesia. The aim of this study to determine the predictors scouring system ofsurvival defaulting treatment for tuberculosis patients.This retrospective cohort study was conducted from April to Mei 2013 atpoli DOTS RSUP Persahabatan. were identified from TB 01 forms and medicalrecords. Patients defaulting from treatment were considered as event and thosecure and completing treatment as censors. 370 tuberculosis patients wereincluded, 70 events and 300 censors. Overall patients survival rate was 81%.Survival defaulting associated significanly to sex, smear diagnosis and taking drugaccording to guideline with p value are 0,043, 0,008, 0,0001 respectively, found tobe risk factors for survival defaulting HR 1,7 (95%CI:1,02-2,99), HR 1,9;(95%CI:1,18-3.05), dan HR 32,7 (95%CI:14,78-72,18) respectively. IncreasingHR of taking drug according to guideline followed with increased alteration oftime observation. Scoring results are obtained predicting survival patientsdefaulting by 92%, and a cut-off point for the scoring model is ≥21.Communication, information and education must be increased das well asincreased internal and external hospital linkage to decrease default outcome.Keywords: tuberculosis, default, survival, scouring