Sindrom metabolik telah menjadi masalah global di berbagai negara. Prevalensi sindrom metabolik di Indonesia tahun 2019 sebesar 21,66%. Disisi lain, proporsi individu yang mengalami sindrom metabolik dan mengonsumsi makanan berisiko sebanyak 46,7%. Sedangkan proporsi individu yang mengalami sindrom metabolik, tetapi tidak mengonsumsi makanan berisiko sebanyak 38,1%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan konsumsi makanan berisiko dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik di Indonesia berdasarkan data SKI 2023 dengan mengambil seluruh populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebagai sampel penelitian. Analisis pengontrolan variabel dilakukan dengan uji cox regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi penduduk Indonesia yang sering mengonsumsi makanan berisiko sebanyak 53,2% dan prevalensi sindrom metabolik sebanyak 39,3%. Namun, pada penelitian ini konsumsi makanan berisiko terbukti tidak ada hubungan dengan kejadian sindrom metabolik (aPR: 0,96; 95% CI: 0,91 – 1,00) setelah dikontrol variabel usia. Hal ini kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh adanya bias penelitian, kualitas, dan kuantitas data penelitian yang tidak dapat dikontrol. Perlu adanya perbaikan kualitas data SKI, terutama perubahan metode pengukuran konsumsi makanan berisiko menggunakan FFQ semi-kuantitatif dengan jenis makanan yang spesifik. Upaya skrining, edukasi, dan pengawasan kebijakan konsumsi gula, garam, lemak, terutama pada masyarakat usia ≥40 tahun sebagai bentuk upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian sindrom metabolik beserta dampak lebih besar yang ditimbulkan.

Metabolic syndrome has become a global problem in many countries. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Indonesia in 2019 was 21.66%. On the other hand, the proportion of individuals who experience metabolic syndrome and consume unhealthy foods was 46.7%. While the proportion of individuals who experience metabolic syndrome but do not consume unhealthy foods was 38.1%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between unhealthy food consumption and the occurrence of metabolic syndrome in Indonesia based on SKI 2023 data by taking the entire population who met the inclusion criteria as the study sample. An analysis of controlling variables was carried out by a cox regression test. The results showed that the proportion of the Indonesian population who frequently consumed unhealthy foods was 53.2% and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 39.3%. However, in this study, consumption of unhealthy foods was shown to have no association with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (aPR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91–1.00) after being controlled by age variables. This may be influenced by research bias, quality, and quantity of research data that cannot be controlled. There was a need to improve the quality of SKI data, especially changes in the method of measuring unhealthy food consumption using semi-quantitative FFQ with specific food types. Efforts to screen, educate, and monitor sugar, salt, and fat consumption policies, especially in people aged ≥40 years, as a form of prevention and control of metabolic syndrome and its greater impact.