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Stunting merupakan masalah gizi kronis yang berdampak jangka panjang terhadap kesehatan, perkembangan kognitif, dan produktivitas. Kabupaten/kota Pulau Papua masih menunjukkan prevalensi stunting yang tinggi, melebihi rata-rata nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6–59 bulan di 29 kabupaten/kota Pulau Papua menggunakan pendekatan studi ekologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Variabel yang dianalisis meliputi karakteristik ibu dan anak, asupan makanan, penyakit infeksi, praktik pengasuhan, akses layanan kesehatan, kondisi lingkungan, dan status ekonomi. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan beberapa variabel memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan stunting, seperti tinggi badan ibu <150 cm, pendidikan ibu <SMA, keragaman pangan rendah, konsumsi tablet tambah darah <90 tablet, tidak ASI eksklusif, dan sanitasi tidak aman. Namun, tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik dalam analisis multivariat. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya pendekatan berbasis wilayah dan multisektoral yang mempertimbangkan konteks lokal dalam perencanaan intervensi stunting di Pulau Papua.
Kata kunci: stunting, studi ekologi, Pulau Papua, anak balita, faktor risiko
Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem with long-term impacts on health, cognitive development, and productivity. Districts and municipalities in Papua Island continue to show high stunting prevalence rates, exceeding the national average. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with stunting among children aged 6–59 months in 29 districts/municipalities of Papua Island using an ecological study approach. The research utilizes secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (SKI). Data analysis was conducted through univariate, bivariate, and multivariate methods using multiple linear regression. The analyzed variables included maternal and child characteristics, food intake, infectious diseases, childcare practices, healthcare access, environmental conditions, and economic status. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between stunting and several factors, such as maternal height <150 cm, education level below senior high school, low dietary diversity, iron tablet consumption <90 tablets, non-exclusive breastfeeding, and unsafe sanitation. However, no statistically significant associations were found in the multivariate analysis. These findings highlight the importance of area-based and multisectoral approaches that take local context into account in planning stunting intervention programs in Papua Island. Keywords: stunting, ecological study, Papua Island, under-five children, risk factors
Currently, Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria have infected about a quarter of the world's population that spreads through the air and Indonesia is one of the countries with a high burden of tuberculosis. 4 out of 6 provinces in Java are included in the 10 provinces with the highest prevalence of pulmonary TB, namely Banten, West Java, DKI Jakarta, and Central Java with the prevalence of pulmonary TB above 0.4 which is the Indonesian average. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between individual characteristics and environmental conditions with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the population aged 15 years in Java Island in 2018. The study design used was cross-sectional using Riskesdas 2018 data. used are 216,098 respondents. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate with chi-square test. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the variables that had a statistically significant relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis were gender, nutritional status, education level, smoking, number of family members, main room lighting, kitchen lighting, living room lighting, presence of main bedroom window, presence of kitchen windows, main bedroom ventilation, and kitchen. It is important to increase public knowledge related to the transmission and prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis, including providing education about the criteria for healthy homes, as well as increasing case finding surveillance by increasing the empowerment of health cadres.
