Fenomena meningkatnya jumlah Warga Negara Indonesia yang mencari layanan kesehatan ke luar negeri  menandakan lemahnya resiliensi rumah sakit wisata medis di dalam negeri, serta menimbulkan kerugian devisa yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model penilaian tingkat resiliensi rumah sakit wisata medis dan strategi peningkatan resiliensi yang aplikatif bagi konteks Rumah Sakit Wisata Medis di Indonesia. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan telaah dokumen dengan teknik triangulasi untuk menjaga validitas. Informan terdiri dari pemangku kebijakan, asosiasi profesi, akademisi, manajemen rumah sakit, masyarakat pengguna layanan medis di luar negeri serta dokter diaspora. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan model penilaian resiliensi yang terdiri dari 7 dimensi dan 45 indikator. Tujuh dimensi, yaitu Strategic Planning; Governance; Leadership & Culture; Health Quality Service; Health Resources; Networking & Marketing; Continuous Improvement & Learning. Hasil pengukuran menggunakan model tersebut menunjukkan tingkat resiliensi Rumah Sakit Wisata Medis di Indonesia dalam kategori sedang yang menegaskan perlunya strategi khusus yang integratif lintas sektor. Strategi peningkatan resiliensi dirumuskan melalui analisa SWOT, solusi stekeholder serta benchmark strategi dari Malaysia, Singapura, Thailand dan Korea Selatan yang dipetakan dalam empat perspektif Balanced Scorecard yaitu Finance, Customer, Internal Process, dan Learning & Growth. Perspektif Finance terdapat 7 strategi. perspektif Customer terdapat 8 strategi, Perspektif Internal Proses terdapat 13 strategi dan perspektif Learning & Growth terdapat 8 strategi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model penilaian yang dikembangkan dapat menjadi instrumen evaluatif bagi rumah sakit wisata medis di Indonesia, sementara strategi yang dihasilkan memberikan peta jalan praktis untuk meningkatkan resiliensi dan mengurangi ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap layanan medis luar negeri. Keterbatasan penelitian terletak pada jumlah serta keragaman informan, sehingga penelitian selanjutnya disarankan memperluas cakupan partisipan dan menguji nilai keunggulan rumah sakit dalam wisata medis.

The phenomenon of increasing numbers of Indonesian citizens seeking healthcare services abroad indicates the weak resilience of domestic medical tourism hospitals and causes significant foreign exchange losses. This study aims to develop a model for assessing the level of resilience of medical tourism hospitals and strategies for improving resilience that are applicable to the contexs of medical tourism hospitals in Indonesia. The research design uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological study approach. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, and document reviews using triangulation techniques to maintain validity. Informants consisted of policy makers, professional associations, academics, hospital management, users of overseas medical services and diaspora doctors. The results of the study show that the resilience assessment model consisting of 7 dimensions and 45 indicators. The seven dimensions are Strategic Planning; Governance; Leadership & Culture; Quality of Health Services; Health Resources; Networking & Marketing; Continuous Improvement & Learning. The measurement results using this model show that the resilience level of Medical Tourism Hospitals in Indonesia is in the moderate category, which confirms the need for a cross-sectoral integrative strategy. The resilience improvement strategy was formulated through SWOT analysis, stakeholder solutions, and benchmark strategies from Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and South Korea, which were mapped into four Balanced Scorecard perspectives, namely Finance, Customer, Internal Process, and Learning & Growth. There are 7 strategies in the Finance perspective, 8 strategies in the Customer perspective, 13 strategies in the Internal Process perspective, and 8 strategies in the Learning & Growth perspective. This study concludes that the assessment model developed can be an evaluative instrument for medical tourism hospitals in Indonesia, while the strategies produced provide a practical roadmap for increasing resilience and reducing the community's dependence on foreign medical services. The limitations of this study are in the number and diversity of informants, so future research are recommended to expand the scope of participants and could be directed toward examining the value of hospitals' resilience in medical tourism.

Keberadaan limbah B3 medis padat yang dihasilkan oleh fasyankes masih menjadi perhatian, apabila tidak dikelola dengan tepat dapat menjadi ancaman bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan sekitar. Rumah sakit sebagai produsen utama limbah B3 medis diwajibkan mengelola limbah B3 yang dihasilkannya dengan tepat, sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22 Tahun 2021. Namun di DKI Jakarta, masih banyak limbah B3 medis dari fasyankes yang belum dikelola sesuai standar, dimana hanya 52,9% fasyankes yang melakukan pengelolaan limbah B3 medis sesuai standar, sementara daerah lain mampu mencapai 84,6%. Sejumlah tantangan masih harus dihadapi DKI Jakarta dalam mengelola limbah B3 medis rumah sakit. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran terhadap pengelolaan limbah B3 medis padat rumah sakit di DKI Jakarta. Desain penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif studi kasus yang dilakukan pada lima RSUD di DKI Jakarta. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara langsung di rumah sakit melalui metode wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen terkait dengan praktik pengelolaan limbah B3 medis padat rumah sakit. Karakteristik limbah B3 medis padat di lima RSUD DKI Jakarta meliputi limbah infeksius, patologis, benda tajam, farmasi, dan kimia, dengan tambahan limbah sitotoksik di RSUD A, RSUD D, dan RSUD E. Sumber utama limbah berasal dari instalasi rawat inap, IGD, unit hemodialisa, dan kamar operasi. Rata-rata timbulan harian mencapai 416,44 kg/hari, dengan jumlah tertinggi di RSUD D. Seluruh rumah sakit telah memenuhi standar pelatihan, sarana, dan prasarana, sementara pengelolaan mencakup pengurangan, pemilahan, pewadahan, penyimpanan, hingga pengangkutan eksternal yang dilakukan oleh pihak ketiga berizin. Tingkat kesesuaian pengelolaan limbah tertinggi dicapai oleh RSUD A (93,4%) dan terendah RSUD C (80,7%). Pengelolaan limbah B3 medis padat di RSUD DKI Jakarta telah memenuhi sebagian besar standar regulasi, namun peningkatan diperlukan pada aspek pemilahan, pewadahan, dan jalur pengangkutan internal untuk mencapai kesesuaian yang lebih baik secara menyeluruh.

The presence of solid hazardous medical waste generated by healthcare facilities remains a significant concern. If not properly managed, it can pose serious threats to human health and the surrounding environment. Hospitals, as the primary producers of hazardous medical waste, are required to manage this waste in accordance with Peraturan Pemerintah No. 22 Tahun 2021. However, in DKI Jakarta, a significant amount of medical hazardous waste from healthcare facilities is still not managed according to standards, with only 52.9% of facilities complying, compared to 84.6% in other regions. DKI Jakarta continues to face various challenges in managing hospital medical hazardous waste effectively.This study aims to provide an overview of the management of solid hazardous medical waste in hospitals in DKI Jakarta. The research employed a mixed-methods design, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, using a descriptive case study conducted at five regional general hospitals (RSUD) in DKI Jakarta. Data collection was conducted directly at the hospitals through interviews, observations, and reviews of relevant documents on waste management practices. The characteristics of solid hazardous medical waste (B3) in the five regional general hospitals in DKI Jakarta include infectious, pathological, sharp, pharmaceutical, and chemical waste, with additional cytotoxic waste identified in RSUD A, RSUD D, and RSUD E. The primary sources of waste originate from inpatient wards, emergency rooms, hemodialysis units, and operating rooms. The average daily waste generation reaches 416.44 kg/day, with the highest amount recorded at RSUD D. All hospitals have met the standards for training, facilities, and infrastructure, while waste management encompasses reduction, segregation, containment, storage, and external transportation handled by licensed third parties. The highest compliance level in waste management was achieved by RSUD A (93.4%) and the lowest by RSUD C (80.7%). The management of solid hazardous medical waste in five regional general hospitals across DKI Jakarta has met most regulatory standards; however, improvements are needed in segregation, containment, and internal transportation routes to achieve better overall compliance.