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Nuvia Manzilina Afrah; Pembimbing: I Made Djaja; Penguji: Budi Hartono, Verawaty Kasjmir
Abstrak:
Makanan jajanan berperan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan energi siswa sekolah, tetapi jika tidak terjaga keamanannya justru berpotensi membahayakan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli pada makanan jajanan di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Beji, Kota Depok. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer, yang terdiri dari hasil uji laboratorium pada 37 sampel makanan dan hasil wawancara dengan 37 penjamah makanan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 29,7% sampel makanan yang diuji terkontaminasi Escherichia coli. Analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli dengan pemilihan bahan makanan (p=0,042) dan pengolahan makanan (p=0,003). Sedangkan faktor pelatihan, pengetahuan, perilaku, higiene sanitasi peralatan, higiene sanitasi tempat penyajian makanan, penyimpanan bahan makanan, dan penyajian makanan tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik, faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli yaitu faktor pengolahan makanan (p=0,005). Oleh karena itu, penjamah makanan di sekolah dasar Kecamatan Beji perlu diberikan pembinaan terkait personal hygiene dan higiene sanitasi makanan untuk mengurangi kontaminasi bakteri Escherichia coli pada makanan jajanan.
Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, kontaminasi makanan, kantin, sekolah dasar
School canteen food have an important role in completing the energy needs of primary school students, but if the food safety is not protected, the foods is potentially harmful to health. The objective of this research is to analyze factors affecting Escherichia coli bacteria contamination on the school canteen food at primary schools located in Beji Subdistrict. The design of this study is cross sectional. All the data collected in this research are primary data, which include the laboratory test results of 37 food samples and direct interview results with 37 food handlers using questionnaire. The research shown that 29,7% of food samples is contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. Bivariate analysis using chi-square shows that there are significant correlation between raw food materials selection (p=0,042) and food procession (p=0,003) with Escherichia coli bacteria contamination. However, other factors such as training, knowledge, behavior, hygiene and sanitation of cooking utensils, hygiene and sanitation of food serving place, raw food materials storage, and food serving have no significant correlation towards Escherichia coli bacteria contamination. Based on multivariate analysis using logistic regression, the most affecting factor of Escherichia coli bacteria contamination on the street food is food procession (p=0,005). Therefore, personal hygiene and food hygiene and sanitation training need to be conducted to the food handlers at Beji Subdistrict primary schools in order to minimize the Escherichia coli food contamination.
Key words: Escherichia coli, food contamination, canteen, primary school
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Kata kunci: Escherichia coli, kontaminasi makanan, kantin, sekolah dasar
School canteen food have an important role in completing the energy needs of primary school students, but if the food safety is not protected, the foods is potentially harmful to health. The objective of this research is to analyze factors affecting Escherichia coli bacteria contamination on the school canteen food at primary schools located in Beji Subdistrict. The design of this study is cross sectional. All the data collected in this research are primary data, which include the laboratory test results of 37 food samples and direct interview results with 37 food handlers using questionnaire. The research shown that 29,7% of food samples is contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. Bivariate analysis using chi-square shows that there are significant correlation between raw food materials selection (p=0,042) and food procession (p=0,003) with Escherichia coli bacteria contamination. However, other factors such as training, knowledge, behavior, hygiene and sanitation of cooking utensils, hygiene and sanitation of food serving place, raw food materials storage, and food serving have no significant correlation towards Escherichia coli bacteria contamination. Based on multivariate analysis using logistic regression, the most affecting factor of Escherichia coli bacteria contamination on the street food is food procession (p=0,005). Therefore, personal hygiene and food hygiene and sanitation training need to be conducted to the food handlers at Beji Subdistrict primary schools in order to minimize the Escherichia coli food contamination.
Key words: Escherichia coli, food contamination, canteen, primary school
S-9656
Depok : FKM UI, 2018
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Afrah; Permbimbing: Siti Arifah Pujonarti; Penguji: Triyanti, Ika Permatasari
Abstrak:
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Beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia adalah koeksistensi kekurangan gizi (anemia defisiensi besi) bersama dengan kelebihan berat badan atau obesitas di dalam satu individu. Remaja overweight/obesitas berisiko mengalami penyakit tidak menular, menurunkan fungsi kognitif, menjadi malas, serta kurang aktif yang akan menambah beban kesehatan dan beban ekonomi sosial kedepannya. Remaja anemia defisiensi besi berisiko mengalami hasil kehamilan buruk (berat badan lahir rendah, prematuritas, kematian neonatal dan bayi) dan produktivitas kerja yang rendah dan prestasi belajar yang rendah. Individu dengan obesitas menyerap lebih sedikit besi daripada individu dengan IMT normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan, dan faktor dominan kejadian beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia intraindividu pada remaja usia 10-19 tahun di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2018. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat, analisis bivariat menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistic sederhana, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil menunjukan bahwa prevalensi beban ganda malnutrisi overweight/obesitas dan anemia pada remaja adalah 2,9%. Analisis bivariat juga menunjukan adanya hubungan antara jenis kelamin, wilayah tempat tinggal, tingkat Pendidikan ayah dan ibu dengan beban ganda (p-value < 0,05). Analisis multivariat menunjukan bahwa jenis kelamin perempuan merupakan faktor dominan kejadian beban ganda ini (p-value=0,000; OR: 1,931; 95% CI: 1,4-2,6). Bagi remaja perempuan sebaiknya rutin melakukan pengukuran Hb agar anemia terdeteksi. Dapat juga dibuatkan program pemeriksaan Hb rutin pada UKS sekolah, dengan begitu konsumsi TTD juga bisa terkontrol. Bagi remaja yang tinggal di wilayah perkotaan yang lebih berisiko karena kondisi remaja di wilayah perkotaan lebih banyak konsumsi makanan tinggi lemak dan padat energi, perlu lebih memerhatikan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Bagi Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, bisa menggunakan metode 24h recall untuk variable konsumsi agar dapat lebih menggambarkan konsumsi responden.
The double burden of overweight/obesity malnutrition and anemia is the coexistence of malnutrition (iron deficiency anemia) together with being overweight or obese within a single individual. Overweight/obese adolescents are at risk of experiencing non-communicable diseases, decreasing cognitive function, becoming lazy, and inactive which will add to the health burden and social-economic burden in the future. Adolescents with iron deficiency anemia are at risk of experiencing poor pregnancy outcomes (low birth weight, prematurity, neonatal and infant mortality) and low work productivity and low academic achievement. Individuals with obesity absorb less iron than individuals with normal BMI. This study aims to determine the prevalence, associated factors, and dominant factors in the double burden of malnutrition overweight/obesity and intraindividual anemia among adolescents aged 10-19 years in Indonesia. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design using Riskesdas 2018 data. The data analysis used was univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using chi square and simple logistic regression, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression. The results show that the prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition, overweight/obesity and anemia in adolescents is 2.9%. Bivariate analysis also showed that there was a relationship between gender, area of residence, educational level of fathers and mothers with a double burden (p-value <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that female gender was the dominant factor for this double burden (p-value=0.000; OR: 1.931; 95% CI: 1.4- 2.6). For teenage girls, it is better to routinely measure Hb so that anemia can be detected. A program for routine Hb checks can also be made at school health unit, so that the consumption of iron supplements can also be recorded. For adolescents who live in urban areas who are more at risk because population in urban areas consumes more high-fat and energy-dense foods, it is necessary to pay more attention to the food consumed. For the Health Research and Development Agency, the 24h recall method can be used for the consumption variable in order to better describe the respondent's consumption.
S-11399
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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