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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious health problem, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Conditions in Jambi Province in the last 3 years an increasing number of cases of BTA positive pulmonary TB . Allegedly there are factors associated with the incidence of BTA positive pulmonary TB cases in the province of Jambi . The purpose of this study was to identify areas of vulnerability BTA positive pulmonary TB cases in Jambi Province in 2013. The study design used in this research is the design of ecological studies with statistical tests of correlation and spatial analysis approach. The results of the bivariate analysis were shown to be associated and have a positive correlation with BTA positive pulmonary TB cases are ; poor (r = 0.716 ; p = 0.013), health care facilities microscopic (r = 0.637 ; p = 0.035), and skilled health personnel (r = 0.758 ; p = 0.007). Areas with high risk of TB is Sarolangun. Recommendation : priority problems of financing in the context of TB control is done in areas with high levels of insecurity, increased the number of health care facilities microscopic, and improving the quality and quantity of trained health workers, especially in areas with high or medium levels of vulnerability, as well as the need to further study the spatial analysis in Sarolangun. Keywords : vulnerability analysis, risk factors , BTA positive pulmonary TB cases
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pantangan makan, anjuran makan dan makan lebih banyak dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil di provinsi Jambi tahun 2005 setelah dikontrol dengan variabel umur, umur leehamilan, fiekucnsi pemenksaan kehamilan, tenaga pemeliksa kehamilan, pengalaman hamil, pengaiaman bersalin, pengalarnan keguguran, pengetahuan tentang tablet tambah darah, minum tablet tambah darah dan lingkar lengan atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan data hasil survei cepat anemia ibu hamil di Provinsi Jambi tahun 2005. Survei dilakukan di 9 Kabupaten/Kota dengan jumlah sampel 2296 ibu hamil. Analisis multivanat dengan analisis regresi logistik ganda Bahan makanan yang dipantang oleh ibu selama hamil merupakan sumber protein dan zat besi berupa jangek/lcrecek (15.3%), udang (14.3%) dan ikan (l1.2%), serta beberapa bahan rnalcanan lainnya. Malcanan ini dipantang dengan alasan terbanyak adalah dipercaya dapat menyebabkan kesulitan untuk melahirkan (47_96%), kemudian dapat menycbabkan keguguran (17.35%) dan beberapa alasan lainnya. Informasi ini diperoleh dari 69 orang yang melakukan pantangan makan selama hamil. Selama hamil ibu dianjurkan untuk makan makanan sumber protein zat besi bempa sayur (40.34%), susu (28.33%) dan buah (l'7.64%) serta beberapa makanan Iain. Makanan ini dianjurkan dengan alasan ibu dan janin sehat (99.06%), tidak mual (0.38%), meningkatkan selera makan (0.19%) serta beberapa alasan Iainnya. Informasi ini diperoleh dari 322 orang yang mempunyai anjuran makan saat hamil. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa ada hubungan pantangan makan dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil setelah dikonuol oleh variabel anjuran makan, makan lebih banyak, umur, umur kehamilan, pengalaman keguguran, minum tablet tambah darah, lingkar lengan atas dan interaksi antara anjuran makan dengan pengalaman keguguran. Ibn hamil yang mempunyai pantangan makan 3.28 kali lebih besar kemungkinannya untuk mengalami anemia dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak mempunyai pantangan makan (OR=3.28; 95%CI = 1.65 - 6.54). Tidak ada hubungan anjuran makan dan makan lebih banyak dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil. Variabel umur, umur kehamilan, pengalaman keguguran, minum tablet tambah darah dan lingkar lengan atas berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this research for studying relation of three items, avoidance of several foods, food suggestions, and eating more with anemia in pregnancy in Province ot' Jambi in 2005 after adjusted by variables, age, pregnant age, pregnant inspection frequency, pregnant inspector, pregnant frequency, parity experience, abortion experience, knowing Fe supplement, Fe supplement consumption, and arm circumference. We used data from rapid survey of anemia in province Jambi in 2005. the total sample was 2296 samples collected trom 9 sub district. We analyzed the data using logistic regression. The avoidance foods ware source of protein and Fe foods. Those ware jangek/krecek (l5,3%), shrimps (l4,3%), fish (1 l.2%), and others. The reasons to avoid those food ware believing those will make difficulty in birth (47.9%) , making abortion (17,3%) and others. We took the information from 69 pregnancy women. The food suggestions ware source of protein and Fe foods. Those ware vegetables (40,3%), milk (28,3%), fruit (17.6%), and others. The reasons of food suggestion ware making mother and fetus be health (99.1%) , no nausea (O.4%), and others. We took the information from 322 pregnancy women. From this research we know that there is relation between avoidance of several foods with anemia in pregnancy after adjusted by variables, tbod suggestion, eating more, age, pregnant age, abortion , Fe supplement consumption, arm circumference, and interaction between food suggestion and abortion experience (OR=3.28; 95% CI =l.65- 6.54). And no relation between food suggestion, and eating more with anemia in pregnancy. Variables, age, pregnant age, abortion , Fe supplement consumption, and arm circumference related with anemia in pregnancy.
Exclusive breastfeeding is the best way to feed babies from birth until the age of 6 months, but the scope of exclusive breastfeeding in the work area of Puskesmas SP II Sekutur Jaya is still low, in addition there are still habits, traditions and beliefs that have a tendency to direct the behavior of mothers to be unable provide exclusive breastfeeding. This study aims to determine the socio-cultural factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding behavior. The method used is sequential explanatory mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) with cross sectional research design. The study was conducted in March to June 2020 in the work area of Puskesmas SP II Sekutur Jaya. Quantitative data collection using a questionnaire filled out through interviews with 106 mothers who have babies aged 6-12 months. Data analysis using chi square. The results showed the proportion of exclusive breastfeeding was still relatively low, amounting to 40.6%. Variables related to exclusive breastfeeding are knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, family support and tradition with a p value
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Tingginya angka kematian ibu dan neonatus di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk kualitas pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak (KIA) yang belum mencapai target. Kinerja bidan desa, sebagai ujung tombak pelayanan, dipandang sebagai salah satu faktor krusial yang dapat ditingkatkan melalui supervisi dari bidan koordinator puskesmas. Meskipun demikian, data menunjukkan pelaksanaan supervisi fasilitatif KIA di provinsi Jambi pada tahun 2022 dan 2023 baru mencapai 10.86% dan 17.38% dari target 90%. Khususnya di kabupaten Muaro Jambi, capaiannya lebih rendah lagi, yaitu 11.64% (2022) dan 15.07% (2023). Kesenjangan ini menunjukkan perlunya intervensi strategis untuk meningkatkan kualitas supervisi demi mengoptimalkan kinerja bidan dalam pelayanan KIA.
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh model integrasi midwifery opinion leader dan supervisi fasilitatif terhadap kinerja bidan dan dampaknya pada cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Provinsi Jambi tahun 2025.
Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mixed methods exploratory sequential design terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu tahap I diawali scoping review, studi pendahuluan dan uji coba instrumen dilanjutkan identifikasi kebutuhan model menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan desain phenomenology. Tahap II meliputi pengembangan model, panel expert, pelatihan dan uji coba model. Tahap III dilakukan uji model terhadap kinerja bidan dengan indikator standar kompetensi kinerja (SKK) dan cakupan pelayanan KIA dengan penelitian quasi experiment pretest-posttest with control designs. Populasi adalah seluruh bidan desa/pustu di provinsi Jambi. Sampel yaitu kelompok intervensi sebanyak 60 responden (di kabupaten Muaro Jambi) dilakukan intervensi model integrasi MOL dan supervisi fasilitatif, sedangkan kelompok kontrol 60 responden (di kota Jambi) dilakukan hanya supervisi fasilitatif. Waktu penelitian pada bulan Mei 2024 hingga Agustus 2025, analisis data dengan univariat, bivariat dan multivariat (Difference in Difference).
Hasil: Berdasarkan identifikasi kebutuhan ditemukan subtema: kinerja bidan, kebutuhan supervisi dan model supervisi. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengembangan model supervisi dengan pendekatan teori COM-B, supportif supervision, midwifery leadership dan coaching sehingga diperoleh model midwifery opinion leader (MOL) yang dapat diintegrasikan dengan program supervisi fasilitatif KIA puskesmas. Hasil uji penerimaan model diperoleh hasil skor tertinggi yaitu sikap terhadap penggunaan rata-rata 4.9 dan terendah yaitu persepsi manfaat dengan skor 4.71. Hasil analisis diff in diff diketahui pada 2 kelompok sebelum dan sesudah intervensi terhadap skor standar kompetensi kerja: penataan pelayanan 1.36(0.24-1.60), asuhan bayi baru lahir 2.36(0.75-3.12) pemeriksaan kehamilan 1.33(0.48-1.82), pemeriksaan ibu bersalin 1.93(1.72-3.65) dan asuhan ibu nifas 1.43(0.30-1.74).Uji dampak model terhadap cakupan KIA yaitu: kunjungan ibu hamil ke-4 (K4)18.25(3.83-22.08), persalinan nakes (PN) 15.53(3.47-19.00), kunjungan nifas (KNF) 15.59(3.41-19.00), kunjungan neonatal lengkap (KNL) 14.35(9.97-24.33), kunjungan bayi (KBY) 19.08 (7.26-26.35) dan kunjungan balita (KBAL) 5.81 (16.14-21.95).
Kesimpulan dan Saran: Model integrasi Midwifery Opinion Leader (MOL) dan supervisi fasilitatif berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kinerja bidan dalam pelayanan KIA. Disarankan mempertimbangkan model ini dalam kegiatan program supervisi kesehatan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas.
ABSTRACT
Background: The high maternal and neonatal mortality rates in Indonesia are influenced by various factors, including the quality of maternal and child health (MCH) services, which have not yet reached their targets. The performance of village midwives, as the frontline of service delivery, is seen as a crucial factor that can be improved through supervision by health center coordinator midwives. However, data shows that the implementation of facilitative MCH supervision in Jambi province in 2022 and 2023 has only reached 10.86% and 17.38% of the 90% target. In Muaro Jambi district, in particular, the achievement was even lower, at 11.64% (2022) and 15.07% (2023). This gap indicates the need for strategic interventions to improve the quality of supervision in order to optimize the performance of midwives in MCH services.
Objective: To determine the effect of the midwifery opinion leader integration model and facilitative supervision on midwives' performance and its impact on the coverage of maternal and child health services in Jambi Province in 2025.
Research Method: This research is a mixed methods exploratory sequential design consisting of 3 stages, namely stage I, which begins with a scoping review, preliminary study, and instrument testing, followed by the identification of model requirements using a qualitative method with a phenomenology design. Stage II includes model development, expert panel, training, and model testing. Phase III involved testing the model on midwives' performance using standard competency performance (SKK) indicators and MCH service coverage using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control designs. The population consisted of all village midwives/health workers in Jambi Province. The sample consisted of an intervention group of 60 respondents (in Muaro Jambi district) who underwent the MOL integration model intervention and facilitative supervision, while the control group of 60 respondents (in Jambi city) only underwent facilitative supervision. The research period was from May 2024 to August 2025, with data analysis using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate (Difference in Difference) methods.
Results: Based on the identification of needs, the following sub-themes were found: midwife performance, supervision needs, and supervision models. Subsequently, a supervision model was developed using the COM-B theory, supportive supervision, midwifery leadership, and coaching approaches, resulting in a midwifery opinion leader (MOL) model that can be integrated with the KIA puskesmas facilitative supervision program. The model acceptance test results showed the highest score for attitude toward use, with an average of 4.9, and the lowest score for perceived benefits, with a score of 4.71. The results of the diff in diff analysis showed that in the two groups before and after the intervention, the standard work competency scores were: service management 1.36 (0.24-1.60), newborn care 2.36 (0.75-3.12), pregnancy check-ups 1.33 (0.48-1.82), maternity check-ups 1.93 (1.72-3.65), and postpartum care 1.43 (0.30-1.74). The model's impact on MCH coverage was as follows: fourth antenatal visit (K4) 18.25 (3.83-22.08), skilled birth attendance (PN) 15.53 (3.47-19.00), postnatal visit (KNF) 15.59 (3.41-19. 00), complete neonatal visits (KNL) 14.35 (9.97-24.33), infant visits (KBY) 19.08 (7.26-26.35), and toddler visits (KBAL) 5.81 (16.14-21.95).
Conclusion and Recommendations: The integration model of Midwifery Opinion Leader (MOL) and facilitative supervision has an impact on improving midwives' performance in maternal and child health services. It is recommended to consider this model in maternal and child health supervision program activities at health centers.
