Ditemukan 3 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Junita Rosa Tiurma; Pembimbing: Syahrizal; Penguji: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo, Dian Meutia Sari, Misti
Abstrak:
Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018 terjadi peningkatan tren dari obesitas sentral yaitu 31,0% dibandingkan tahun 2013 sebesar 26,6%. Seiring dengan meningkatnya prevalensi obesitas sentral dapat meningkatkan penyakit degeneratif antara lain diabetes mellitus. Sebelum terjadinya diabetes pada seseorang maka didahului oleh suatu keadaan yang disebut prediabetes. prevalensi prediabetes lebih besar dibandingkan prevalensidiabetes mellitus. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2007 menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi prediabetes hampir dua kali lipat dari prevalensi Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 yaitu sebesar 10,2%. Sedangkan hipertensi secara substansial meningkatkan risiko morbiditas dari beberapa penyakit, terutama penyakit kardiovaskular dan diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas sentral dengan kejadian prediabetes pada kelompok hipertensi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan data sekunder Riskesdas tahun 2018. Jumlah sampel 1678 orang yang menderita hipertensi serta memenuhi kriterian inklusi dan eksklusi dalam penelitian ini. Analisis data menggunakan cox regression. Prevalensi prediabtes pada penderita hipertensi di Indonesia sebesar 61,14%. Pada model akhir penelitian ini diketahui bahwa obesitas sentral tidak mempunyai hubungan terhadap kejadian prediabetes dengan nilai p=0,081 dan PR=1,121 (95% CI; 0,986- 1,274)
Based on RISKESDAS (Basic Health Research) in 2018, there was an increasing trend of central obesity, namely 31.0% compared to 2013, which was 26.6%. Along with the increasing prevalence of central obesity, it could increase degenerative disease, such as diabetes mellitus. Before diabetes occurred in a person, it was preceded by a condition called prediabetes. Prediabetes prevalence was bigger than diabetes mellitus prevalence. The result of the Basic Health Research in 2007 showed that prediabetes prevalence was almost twice the type-2 diabetes mellitus prevalence, which was 10.2%. Meanwhile, hypertension substantially increased the risk of morbidity from several diseases, especially cardiovascular and diabetes. This research aimed to determine the relationship between central obesity and prediabetes incident in the hypertension group in Indonesia. This research used a cross-sectional study design with secondary data from RISKESDAS 2018. The number of samples was 1678 people who suffered hypertension and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this research. Data analysis used cox regression. The prediabetes prevalence in hypertensive patients in Indonesia was 61.14%. In the final model of this research, it was known that central obesity had no relationship with the incidence of prediabetes with a value of p=0.081 and PR=1.121 (95% CI; 0.986-1.274)
Read More
Based on RISKESDAS (Basic Health Research) in 2018, there was an increasing trend of central obesity, namely 31.0% compared to 2013, which was 26.6%. Along with the increasing prevalence of central obesity, it could increase degenerative disease, such as diabetes mellitus. Before diabetes occurred in a person, it was preceded by a condition called prediabetes. Prediabetes prevalence was bigger than diabetes mellitus prevalence. The result of the Basic Health Research in 2007 showed that prediabetes prevalence was almost twice the type-2 diabetes mellitus prevalence, which was 10.2%. Meanwhile, hypertension substantially increased the risk of morbidity from several diseases, especially cardiovascular and diabetes. This research aimed to determine the relationship between central obesity and prediabetes incident in the hypertension group in Indonesia. This research used a cross-sectional study design with secondary data from RISKESDAS 2018. The number of samples was 1678 people who suffered hypertension and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in this research. Data analysis used cox regression. The prediabetes prevalence in hypertensive patients in Indonesia was 61.14%. In the final model of this research, it was known that central obesity had no relationship with the incidence of prediabetes with a value of p=0.081 and PR=1.121 (95% CI; 0.986-1.274)
T-6015
Depok : FKM-UI, 2020
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Leonita Agustine; Pembimbing: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo; Penguji: Renti Mahkota, Helwiah Umniyati, Junita Rosa Tiurma
Abstrak:
Read More
HIV masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat global. Di Indonesia, estimasi jumlah ODHIV mencapai 570.000 pada tahun 2024, dengan proporsi pengobatan ARV sebesar 68% di antara ODHIV yang mengetahui status HIV mereka, sehingga masih jauh dari target global 95-95-95. Lelaki seks dengan lelaki (LSL) merupakan salah satu populasi kunci dengan tren epidemi yang meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status tidak menjalani pengobatan ARV pada LSL di Indonesia tahun 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang melalui analisis data sekunder Survei Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku (STBP) 2023. Sampel berjumlah 828 LSL hidup dengan HIV yang telah mengetahui status HIV. Delapan belas variabel independen diidentifikasi berdasarkan kerangka Health Belief Model dan Protection Motivation Theory. Analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan uji chi-square, sedangkan analisis multivariat menggunakan Cox regression constant time untuk mengestimasi Prevalence Ratio (PR). Sebanyak 124 responden (14,98%) tidak menjalani pengobatan ARV. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat, 11 variabel memenuhi kriteria sebagai kandidat model multivariat. Tiga variabel signifikan dalam model akhir, yaitu pengetahuan manfaat pengobatan yang kurang (aPR 2,41; 95% CI 1,53–3,81), persepsi diskriminasi terhadap ODHIV (aPR 2,39; 95% CI 1,64–3,50), dan tidak pernah berdiskusi tentang HIV dengan petugas layanan (aPR 2,31; 95% CI 1,52–3,49). Oleh karena itu, intervensi yang menekankan edukasi manfaat ARV, termasuk pesan Undetectable=Untransmittable, penurunan stigma, serta penguatan kapasitas petugas layanan kesehatan perlu diprioritaskan.
HIV remains a global public health problem. In Indonesia, the estimated number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) reached 570,000 in 2024, with antiretroviral treatment (ART) coverage of 68% among PLHIV who knew their HIV status, indicating that the country is still far from achieving the global 95-95-95 targets. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are one of the key populations with an increasing epidemic trend. This study aimed to identify factors associated with not being on ART among MSM in Indonesia in 2023. This study used a cross-sectional design with secondary data analysis from the 2023 Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey (IBBS). The sample consisted of 828 MSM living with HIV who knew their HIV status. Eighteen independent variables were identified based on the Health Belief Model and Protection Motivation Theory frameworks. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test, while multivariable analysis used Cox regression constant time to estimate Prevalence Ratios (PRs). A total of 124 respondents (14.98%) were not receiving ART. Based on the bivariate analysis, 11 variables met the criteria as candidates for the multivariable model. Three variables remained significant in the final model, namely poor knowledge of treatment benefits (aPR 2.41; 95% CI 1.53–3.81), perceived discrimination toward PLHIV (aPR 2.39; 95% CI 1.64–3.50), and never having discussed about HIV with healthcare providers (aPR 2.31; 95% CI 1.52–3.49). Therefore, interventions emphasizing education on the benefits of ART, including the Undetectable=Untransmittable message, stigma reduction, and strengthening the capacity of healthcare providers should be prioritized.
T-7609
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Igo Cahya Negara; Pembimbing: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo; Penguji: Renti Mahkota, Helwiah Umniyati, Junita Rosa Tiurma
Abstrak:
Read More
Infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) pada pengguna narkotika suntik (penasun) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi tertimbang yang meningkat dari 14,3% (2018–2019) menjadi 17,1% pada tahun 2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian infeksi HIV pada penasun di Indonesia menggunakan data sekunder Survei Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku (STBP) tahun 2023. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang (cross-sectional) dengan sampel 2.128 penasun yang direkrut melalui metode Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) dan memiliki status HIV terkonfirmasi laboratorium. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi Cox dengan asumsi waktu konstan untuk mengestimasi Prevalence Ratio (PR) dan interval kepercayaan 95%, dengan pemodelan akhir melalui backward elimination. Proporsi HIV positif sebesar 17,06%. Model akhir multivariat mengidentifikasi tujuh variabel yang berhubungan bermakna, yaitu konsistensi penggunaan kondom sebagai faktor risiko terkuat (aPR=6,18; 95% CI: 5,11–7,48), layanan testing HIV (aPR=2,03; 95% CI: 1,53–2,67), usia (aPR=1,99; 95% CI: 1,57–2,52), pemahaman efektivitas kondom (aPR=1,46; 95% CI: 1,14–1,87), lama menjadi penasun (aPR=1,32; 95% CI: 1,04–1,67), perilaku berbagi jarum suntik (aPR=1,27; 95% CI: 1,03–1,55), serta persepsi diri merasa berisiko tertular HIV (PR=0,47; 95% CI: 0,36–0,62). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa jalur penularan seksual menjadi faktor dominan infeksi HIV pada penasun di Indonesia saat ini. Desain potong lintang membatasi temuan ini pada hubungan asosiasi, bukan kausal. Program penanggulangan HIV pada penasun perlu memperluas akses kondom beserta edukasi efektivitasnya, memperkuat rujukan aktif untuk layanan testing HIV, dan menyasar penasun usia lebih tua serta dengan masa pajanan napza suntik panjang sebagai kelompok prioritas dalam strategi harm reduction.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, with weighted prevalence rising from 14.3% (2018–2019) to 17.1% in 2023. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with HIV infection among PWID in Indonesia using secondary data from the 2023 Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey (IBBS). A cross-sectional design was employed with a sample of 2,128 PWID recruited through Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS), with HIV status confirmed by laboratory testing. Data were analyzed in stages through univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses using Cox regression with a constant-time approach to estimate Prevalence Ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals, with the final model derived through backward elimination. The proportion of HIV-positive PWID was 17.06%. The final multivariate model identified seven variables significantly associated with HIV infection: condom use consistency as the strongest risk factor (aPR=6.18; 95% CI: 5.11–7.48), HIV testing service (aPR=2.03; 95% CI: 1.53–2.67), age (aPR=1.99; 95% CI: 1.57–2.52), condom effectiveness knowledge (aPR=1.46; 95% CI: 1.14–1.87), duration of injecting drug use (aPR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.04–1.67), needle-sharing behavior (aPR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.03–1.55), and self-perceived HIV risk (aPR=0.47; 95% CI: 0.36–0.62). These findings indicate that sexual transmission is the dominant factor of HIV infection among PWID in Indonesia. The cross-sectional design limits these findings to associational rather than causal inferences. HIV prevention programs for PWID should expand condom access alongside effectiveness education, strengthen active referral pathways to HIV testing services, and prioritize older PWID and those with longer injecting histories within harm reduction strategies.
T-7612
Depok : FKM-UI, 2026
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
