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Musculosceletal Disorders (MSDs) are injuries of the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilage, and spinal discs that can affect the movement of the human body or the musculoskeletal system. Workers in the construction industry have a high risk of MSDs because their work activities involve many unnatural postures, manual handling, and repetitive work. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical, individual, and psychosocial risk factors associated with complaints of musculoskeletal symptoms. This research was conducted in February ? July 2022 involving 55 structural and finishing workers in the X Office Building Construction Project in Bekasi in 2022. This study used a cross sectional study design. The instruments for collected data are Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), a combination of psychosocial questionnaires, and the Nordic Musculockeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between; physical risk factors with complaints on the shoulders, neck and lower back in the last 12 months and 7 days, work demands with complaints on the lower back in the last 7 days, and control of work with complaints on the neck in the last 12 months. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out further control and intervention to reduce the risk of complaints of s musculoskeletal symptoms in structural and finishing workers.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes infected with the dengue virus (DENV). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of dengue cases internationally and nationally decreased, as did the City of East Jakarta. Thus, East Jakarta City is the city with the highest dengue cases in DKI Jakarta Province. This study aims to analyze climate factors at time lag of 0 (non-time lag), 1 (time lag 1), and 2 (time lag 2) months, population density, and larva free index (LFI) with the incidence of DHF in the city of Jakarta. East before and during the 2018-2021 COVID-19 pandemic. The data were analyzed using the average difference test, correlation test, and spatial analysis. Statistically, there is a significant difference in the average incidence rate (IR) of DHF and LFI between 2018-2021 (p = 0.000; p = 0.011). In addition, the correlation test showed a significant relationship between rainfall at time lag 1 (p = 0.002; r = 0.041) and time lag 2 (p = 0.000; r = 0.651), air temperature at time lag 1 (p = 0.004; r = -0.441), and time lag 2 (p = 0.001; r = -0.48), as well as non-time lag air humidity (p = 0.002; r = 0.429), time lag 1 (p = 0.000; r = 0.668), and time lag 2 (p = 0.000; r = 0.699) with the incidence of DHF. Spatial and statistically, there was no significant relationship between population density and LFI with the incidence of DHF. Mapping the level of vulnerability to DHF events before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, shows that of the 10 sub-districts in East Jakarta City, 1 sub-district experienced an increase in the level of vulnerability to moderate and 2 sub-districts experienced a decrease in the level of vulnerability to low. Matraman sub-districts are classified as high vulnerability. Jatinegara, Duren Sawit, Kramatjati, and Ciracas sub-districts are classified as moderate vulnerability. The other 5 sub-districts are classified as low vulnerability. The existence of significant differences in the average ABJ and IR of DHF, the relationship between climatic factors and the incidence of DHF, as well as the high level of vulnerability in some areas, should be considered by the local government to increase efforts to prevent DHF and develop a strategic plan in controlling DHF.
Abstrak
Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang berpotensi menimbulkan wabah di Indonesia. Di Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan menempati peringkat kedua dalam total kasus DBD selama tahun 2007-2009 setelah Jakarta Timur. Kepadatan jumlah penduduk, jumlah tempat umum, jumlah daerah rawan banjir/genangan, dan Angka Bebas Jentik merupakan faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi penularan kasus DBD di masyarakat.Penelitian dengan desain studi ekologis ini menggunakan data sekunder dari Suku Dinas Kesehatan Kota Jakarta Selatan untuk melihat pemetaan tingkat kerentaan wilayah terhadap kasus DBD selama tahun 2007-2011.
Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan tidak adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara kepadatan penduduk, jumlah daerah rawan banjir, dan Angka Bebas Jentik dengan kasus DBD (r=-0,036; r=-0,134: r=0,065; p>0,05) dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jumlah tempat umum dengan kasus DBD (r=-0,508; p<0,0001) di Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan selama tahun 2007-2011. Pemetaan yang dilakukan dengan yang memperhitungkan kelima variabel memperlihatkan gambaran tingkat kerentanan wilayah Kota Jakarta Selatan terhadap kasus DBD selama tahun 2007-2011.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is one of the infectious diseases which potentially cause an outbreak in Indonesia. In DKI Jakarta Province, South Jakarta city is placed as a second tops after East Jakarta in relation to DHF incidence during 2007-2009 periods. Population density, public places, flood prone areas, and larvae free index are the factors which can influence the transmission of DHF in community. This study used an ecology design based on secondary data from South Jakarta Health Office to find about the correlation between variables and developed an area mapping based on vulnerability level to DHF incidence at the districts level in South Jakarta, 2007-2011.
The result shows that statistically there?s no significantly correlation between population density, flood prone area, and larvae free index with the occurrence of DHF incidence (r=-0,036; r=-0,134: r=0,065; p>0,05), and there?s significantly correlation between public places and DHF incidence, with medium strength level and negative direction (r=-0,508; p<0,0001). The mapping which considers all five variables mentioned above shows the vulnerability level of district areas to DHF incidence in South Jakarta from 2007 to 2011.
