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Julianty Pradono, Lely Indrawati, Tony Murnawan
Bulitkes Vol.41, No.2
Jakarta : Balitbangkes Depkes RI, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Evawangi; Pembimbing: Krisnawati Bantas; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Renti Mahkota, Yuniar Pukuk Kesuma, Eulis Wulantari
Abstrak:
Skizofrenia adalah gangguan mental kronis dan berat yang mempengaruhi pemikiran, perasaan, dan perilaku seseorang. Di Indonesia, prevalensi skizofrenia adalah 1,7 per 1.000 populasi. Jumlah kunjungan gangguan jiwa di puskesmas Kabupaten Bogor telah meningkat secara signifikan dari 1.648 menjadi 13.390 pada tahun 2013-14. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan skizofrenia di Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2017. Studi kasus kontrol tidak berpasangan dilakukan di 63 puskesmas Kabupaten Bogor mulai Mei-Juni 2017. Kasus adalah penderita skizofrenia yang berusia 15-50 tahun yang didiagnosis oleh dokter / spesialis dan dicatat dalam register pasien puskesmas kabupaten Bogor pada tahun 2017. Kontrol Adalah orang sehat berusia 15-50 dan berdomisili di Kabupaten Bogor. Sebanyak 229 kasus dan 229 kontrol dipilih dengan teknik multistage sampling. Probability proportional to size digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah sampel dari masing-masing puskesmas. Kuesioner semi terstruktur yang telah diuji sebelumnya digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yang relevan dari kontrol dan salah satu anggota keluarga kasus. Test Chi Square dan regresi logistik multivariat diterapkan untuk analisis data. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan skizofrenia: jenis kelamin laki-laki (AdjOR: 11.68; 95% CI: 4,96 -27.50), riwayat keluarga skizofrenia (AdjOR: 4.02; 95% CI: 1,90-8,48), pendidikan dasar AdjOR: 30,63; 95% CI: 4.21-222.81), pendidikan menengah (AdjOR: 25,35; 95% CI: 3,51-182.90), pengangguran (AdjOR: 5,6; 95% CI 2,52-12,45), tidak menikah (AdjOR: 8,20; 95% CI 2,52-12,45), masalah dalam keluarga (AdjOR: 4,93; 95% CI 2,43-9,99) dan masalah di tempat kerja / sekolah (AdjOR: 32.60; 95% CI 7.29 - 145.76 ). Dalam studi ini, faktor biologis (laki-laki dan riwayat keluarga skizofrenia), sosio-demografi (tingkat pendidikan rendah, tidak bekerja dan tidak menikah) dan faktor lingkungan (masalah dalam keluarga dan tempat kerja/sekolah) berhubungan dengan skizofrenia. Studi analitis prospektif diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi lebih jauh hubungan ini.
Kata kunci: Skizofrenia, kasus kontrol, Kabupaten Bogor
Schizophrenia is a a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects thinking, feeling, and behavior of a person. In Indonesia, the prevalence of schizophrenia is 1.7 per 1,000 populations. The number of visits of mental disorders in puskesmas of Bogor Regency has increased significantly from 1,648 to 13,390 in 2013-14. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with schizophrenia in Bogor Regency 2017. An unmatched case-control was conducted in 63 health centers of Bogor regency from May-June 2017. Cases were schizophrenic patient aged 15-50 years diagnosed by physicians/specialists and recorded in the register of Bogor district health centers in 2017. Controls were the healthy people aged 15-50 and domiciled in Bogor Regency. A total of 229 cases and 229 controls were selected by multistage sampling technique. Probability proportional to size was usedto determine the number of samples from each puskesmas. A pre-tested semi structured questionnaires was used to collect relevant data from controls and one of the family members of cases. Chi square test and multivariate logistic regression were applied for data analysis. Folowing factors were associated with schizophrenia: male gender (AdjOR: 11.68; 95% CI: 4.96 -27.50), family history of schizophrenia (AdjOR: 4.02; 95 %CI: 1,90-8,48), basic education (AdjOR: 30.63; 95%CI: 4.21-222.81), secondary education (AdjOR: 25.35; 95% CI: 3.51-182.90), unemployed (AdjOR: 5.6; 95 %CI 2,52-12,45), unmarried (AdjOR: 10,20; 95%CI 2,52-12,45), problems in the family (AdjOR: 4.93; 95%CI 2.43-9.99) and problems at work / school (AdjOR: 32.60; 95%CI 7.29 - 145.76). In the study setting, biological (male and family history of schizophrenia),sociodemographic (low level of education, unemployment and unmarried) and environmental factors (problems in family, workplaceor school) were associated with schizophrenia. Prospective analytical studies are needed to further explore these associations.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, case control, Bogor district
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Kata kunci: Skizofrenia, kasus kontrol, Kabupaten Bogor
Schizophrenia is a a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects thinking, feeling, and behavior of a person. In Indonesia, the prevalence of schizophrenia is 1.7 per 1,000 populations. The number of visits of mental disorders in puskesmas of Bogor Regency has increased significantly from 1,648 to 13,390 in 2013-14. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with schizophrenia in Bogor Regency 2017. An unmatched case-control was conducted in 63 health centers of Bogor regency from May-June 2017. Cases were schizophrenic patient aged 15-50 years diagnosed by physicians/specialists and recorded in the register of Bogor district health centers in 2017. Controls were the healthy people aged 15-50 and domiciled in Bogor Regency. A total of 229 cases and 229 controls were selected by multistage sampling technique. Probability proportional to size was usedto determine the number of samples from each puskesmas. A pre-tested semi structured questionnaires was used to collect relevant data from controls and one of the family members of cases. Chi square test and multivariate logistic regression were applied for data analysis. Folowing factors were associated with schizophrenia: male gender (AdjOR: 11.68; 95% CI: 4.96 -27.50), family history of schizophrenia (AdjOR: 4.02; 95 %CI: 1,90-8,48), basic education (AdjOR: 30.63; 95%CI: 4.21-222.81), secondary education (AdjOR: 25.35; 95% CI: 3.51-182.90), unemployed (AdjOR: 5.6; 95 %CI 2,52-12,45), unmarried (AdjOR: 10,20; 95%CI 2,52-12,45), problems in the family (AdjOR: 4.93; 95%CI 2.43-9.99) and problems at work / school (AdjOR: 32.60; 95%CI 7.29 - 145.76). In the study setting, biological (male and family history of schizophrenia),sociodemographic (low level of education, unemployment and unmarried) and environmental factors (problems in family, workplaceor school) were associated with schizophrenia. Prospective analytical studies are needed to further explore these associations.
Keywords: Schizophrenia, case control, Bogor district
T-5080
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Selpi Pratiwi; Pembimbing: Mondastri Korib Sudaryo; Penguji: Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono, Renti Mahkota, Adang Mulyana
Abstrak:
Campak adalah salah satu penyebab utama kematian di kalangan anak-anak meskipun vaksin yang aman dan hemat biaya tersedia. Pada tahun 2015, ada 134 200 kematian akibat campak global dan sekitar 367 kematian setiap hari atau 15 kematian setiap jam. Vaksinasi Campak mengakibatkan penurunan 79% kematian akibat campak antara tahun 2000 sampai dengan 2015 di seluruh dunia. Meskipun sudah mencapai target lebih dari 90% cakupan imunisasi campak di wilayah desa Cigudeg dan Ciampea namun masih ada kejadian luar biasa campak di Desa tersebut pada tahun 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian campak pada kejadian luar biasa campak di desa Cigudeg dan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2016. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi kasus kontrol dengan perbandingan 1:3 menghasilkan sampel terdiri dari 36 kasus dan 108 kontrol dengan kekuatan uji 80 % memiliki derajat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan regresi logistik di dapatkan bahwa faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian campak pada kejadian luar biasa campak di Desa Cigudeg dan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2016 secara signifikan adalah imunisasi (OR= 3,44; 95% CI : 1,09 10,65; Nilai P= 0,034), luas ventilasi udara (OR=4,7; 95%CI: 1,47 15,39: Nilai P= 0,009) dan riwayat kontak (OR= 28,6; 95% CI 9,06 90,42; Nilai P=0,000). Cakupan imunisasi campak di desa Cigudeg dan Ciampea sudah mencapai lebih dari 90%, namun belum bisa menjadikan desa tersebut memiliki kekebalan kelompok terhadap campak, sehingga perlu adanya kajian atau penelitian lanjutan terhadap hal tersebut. Kata Kunci : Campak, Kejadian Luar Biasa, Imunisasi, Kabupaten Bogor.
Measles is one of the leading causes of death among children although safe and cost-effective vaccines are available. By 2015, there are 134 200 deaths from global measles and about 367 deaths every day or 15 deaths every hour. Measles Vaccination resulted in a 79% reduction in measles deaths between 2000 and 2015 worldwide. Despite reaching the target of more than 90% coverage of measles immunization in Cigudeg and Ciampea villages, there is still an extraordinary incidence of measles in these two villages by 2016. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with measles incidence in the extraordinary incidence of measles in villages of Cigudeg and Ciampea Bogor Regency in 2016. The study design using case control study with a ratio of 1: 3 resulted in a sample consisting of 36 cases and 108 controls with a strength of 80% test having 95% confidence degree. The result of the analysis by using logistic regression was found that the risk factors associated with measles incidence in measles outbreaks in Villages Cigudeg and Ciampea Bogor Regency in 2016 were significantly immunized (OR = 3.44; 95% CI: 1.09 - P = 0,034), air ventilation area (OR = 4,7; 95% CI: 1.47 - 15.39: P value = 0.009) and contact history (OR = 28.6; 95% CI 9.06 - 90.42; P value = 0.000). Measles immunization coverage in villages Cigudeg and Ciampea has reached more than 90%, but not yet able to make the village has a group immunity against measles, so the need for further studies or research on it. Keywords: Measles, Outbreak, Immunization, Bogor District.
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Measles is one of the leading causes of death among children although safe and cost-effective vaccines are available. By 2015, there are 134 200 deaths from global measles and about 367 deaths every day or 15 deaths every hour. Measles Vaccination resulted in a 79% reduction in measles deaths between 2000 and 2015 worldwide. Despite reaching the target of more than 90% coverage of measles immunization in Cigudeg and Ciampea villages, there is still an extraordinary incidence of measles in these two villages by 2016. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with measles incidence in the extraordinary incidence of measles in villages of Cigudeg and Ciampea Bogor Regency in 2016. The study design using case control study with a ratio of 1: 3 resulted in a sample consisting of 36 cases and 108 controls with a strength of 80% test having 95% confidence degree. The result of the analysis by using logistic regression was found that the risk factors associated with measles incidence in measles outbreaks in Villages Cigudeg and Ciampea Bogor Regency in 2016 were significantly immunized (OR = 3.44; 95% CI: 1.09 - P = 0,034), air ventilation area (OR = 4,7; 95% CI: 1.47 - 15.39: P value = 0.009) and contact history (OR = 28.6; 95% CI 9.06 - 90.42; P value = 0.000). Measles immunization coverage in villages Cigudeg and Ciampea has reached more than 90%, but not yet able to make the village has a group immunity against measles, so the need for further studies or research on it. Keywords: Measles, Outbreak, Immunization, Bogor District.
T-5081
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Yuliati; Pembimbing: Rita Damayanti; Penguji: Sutanto Priyo Hastono, Dien Anshari, Rohano Budi Prihatin, Dwi Dwinurwati Wahyudi
Abstrak:
Indonesia merupakan negara keempat di dunia dengan angka prevalensi perokok terbanyak di dunia. Peraturan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR) adalah upaya untuk melindungi masyarakat dari dampak paparan asap rokok. Tempat kerja merupakan salah satu area KTR. Meskipun peraturan KTR merupakan inisiatif pemerintah Kabupaten (pemkab) Bogor yang telah ditetapkan sejak tahun 2012, pada pelaksanaannya masih banyak pegawai pemkab Bogor yang merokok pada area tempat kerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pegawai pemkab Bogor terhadap peraturan KTR di tempat kerja agar dapat dijadikan pedoman dalam menyusun strategi penegakkan peraturan KTR. Penelitian ini dilakukan di 28 satuan kerja perangkat daerah (SKPD) kabupaten Bogor dengan jumlah responden 321 pegawai. Desain penelitian cross sectional, pengambilan sampel menggunakan probability proporsional to size (pps). Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa 43,5% responden pegawai perokok patuh dan 51,7% responden pegawai non perokok patuh. Hasil regresi logistik menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara umur dan persepsi keseriusan penyakit akibat paparan asap rokok dengan kepatuhan terhadap peraturan KTR ditempat kerja pada responden pegawai yang perokok. Hasil regresi logistik pada responden pegawai non perokok menunjukan hubungan yang bermakna antara persepsi manfaat, jenis kelamin dan keyakinan diri (self efficacy) terhadap kepatuhan peraturan KTR di tempat kerja.
Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan, Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR), Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di Tempat kerja, Kabupaten Bogor
Indonesia is the fourth country in the world with the highest prevalence of smokers. The Regulation of smoke free zone is an effort to protect public from the impact of exposure to secondhand smoke. Although the smoke free zone regulation is an initiative of Bogor regency government which has been established since 2012, in the implementation there are still many government employees who smoke in the working area. The government employee is the role model in implementing smoke free zone. This research was conducted to find out the factors influenced government employees in compliance smoke free workplaces regulations in order to be used as guidance in formulating strategies for enforcing smoke free zone regulations. This research was conducted in 28 units of government office in Bogor district with 321 respondents government employee. Study design is Cross sectional and sampling using probability proportional to size (pps). The results of this study found that 43.5% of smokers employee and 51.7% of non-smoker employees are comply the smoke free workplaces regulation. The result of logistic regression showed a significant correlation between age and perceived seriousness towards of smoke free workplaces regulation compliance on smoker respondent and the perceived benefits, gender and self-efficacy towards of smoke free workplaces regulation compliance on non-smoker respondents.
Keywords : Compliance, Smoke free zone, smoke free workplaces, Bogor District
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Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan, Kawasan Tanpa Rokok (KTR), Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di Tempat kerja, Kabupaten Bogor
Indonesia is the fourth country in the world with the highest prevalence of smokers. The Regulation of smoke free zone is an effort to protect public from the impact of exposure to secondhand smoke. Although the smoke free zone regulation is an initiative of Bogor regency government which has been established since 2012, in the implementation there are still many government employees who smoke in the working area. The government employee is the role model in implementing smoke free zone. This research was conducted to find out the factors influenced government employees in compliance smoke free workplaces regulations in order to be used as guidance in formulating strategies for enforcing smoke free zone regulations. This research was conducted in 28 units of government office in Bogor district with 321 respondents government employee. Study design is Cross sectional and sampling using probability proportional to size (pps). The results of this study found that 43.5% of smokers employee and 51.7% of non-smoker employees are comply the smoke free workplaces regulation. The result of logistic regression showed a significant correlation between age and perceived seriousness towards of smoke free workplaces regulation compliance on smoker respondent and the perceived benefits, gender and self-efficacy towards of smoke free workplaces regulation compliance on non-smoker respondents.
Keywords : Compliance, Smoke free zone, smoke free workplaces, Bogor District
T-5018
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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