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Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can kills almost 1,5 million humans every year. Tuberculosis is a disease that attacks the lung frequently. Tuberculosis is a disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. in 2020, DKI Jakarta Province, the capital city of Indonesia, was the second rank with the highest tuberculosis, that was 228 cases per 100.000 population. There are many factors that influence the incidence of tuberculosis, including socioeconomic factors, house and environmental condition factors, and lifestyle factors. The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status factors, house and environmental condition factors, and lifestyle factors with incidence of tuberculosis in DKI Jakarta Province in 2021. This research used Ecological study design with sub-district analysis unit in DKI Jakarta Province amounts 44. The data used are secondary data from DKI Jakarta Health Agency, DKI Jakarta Department of Population and Civil Registration, Central Statistics Agency, and Open Data from the DKI Jakarta Government. The data was displayed in a table to find out the magnitude of the incidence of tuberculosis. The results of the study indicate that socioeconomic factors, namely low levels of education are risk factors for the occurrence of Tuberculosis.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi dari hasil pemeriksaan angka kuman yang positif jamur dan bakteri stapilococcus sp di Ruang Bedah Rumah Sakit X. Meskipun intervensi terhadap fisik bangunan sudah dilakukan untuk menghilangkan jamur dan bakteri, namun pada pemeriksaan ulang setelah dilakukan intervensi hasil pemeriksaan angka kuman masih positif bakteri stapilococcus sp. Dari hasil temuan ini penulis mengkaitkan adanya kesalahan pada tata ruang dan lingkungan kamar bedah Rumah Sakit X. Faktor lain yang menyebabkan kajian terhadap tata ruang dan lingkungan kamar bedah ini menjadi penting untuk dilakukan adalah adanya motivasi dari pihak manajemen untuk melakukan pengembangan Unit Kamar Bedah dalam waktu dekat yang disesuaikan dengan standar pelayanan kamar bedah yang ditetapkan oleh Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Oleh karenanya sebuah kajian awal perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui pada bagian mana saja yang perlu dilakukan revisi terhadap tata ruang dan lingkungan di Unit Kamar Bedah sehingga dalam pelaksanaan pengembangan dapat berjalan efektif, efisien dan tepat sasaran. Rancangan penelitian yang dipilih adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan i menggunakan analisis komparatif yang dilakukan dengan cara menemukan persamaan-persamaan dan perbedaan terhadap kondisi tata ruang dan lingkungan kamar bedah yang dibandingkan dengan pedoman, peraturan dan standar pelayanan kamar bedah yang ditetapkan oleh Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Ada 6 (enam) standar tata ruang dan lingkungan yang digunakan untuk melakukan penilaian yaitu 1) standar zoning, 2) standar bentuk, karakteristik dan komposisi, 3) standar hubungan antar ruang, 4) standar alur, proses dan tata letak, 5) standar fungsi dan aktivitas, 6) standar prasarana serta ditambah 1 (satu) standar pendukung yaitu 7) standar peralatan. Pencapaian persentase (%) pemenuhan tiap standarnya dihitung dengan membandingkan jumlah parameter yang memenuhi standar dengan total parameter yang dipersyaratkan dikalikan 100 %. Dari hasil penilaian ini selanjutnya dilakukan analisa isi (content analysis) dan konsensus bersama dengan stake holder Rumah Sakit X untuk menghasilkan beberapa rekomendasi terhadap pemecahan masalah terkait dengan tata ruang dan lingkungan kamar bedah. Akhir dari penelitian ini telah disimpulkan beberapa rekomendasi berdasarkan hasil pencapaian pemenuhan tiap standar dan hasil konsensus dengan stake holder Rumah Sakit X pada bagian mana saja yang menjadi prioritas untuk dilakukan pengembangan terkait dengan tata ruang dan lingkungan kamar bedah yang dibagi berdasarkan term waktu target realisasi yaitu : 1. Kegiatan pengembangan yang dapat dilakukan dalam waktu dekat (target realisasi bulan Juli 2011) 2. Kegiatan pengembangan yang dapat dilakukan 2 – 3 bulan kedepan (target realisasi Agustus – September 2011) 3. Dan Kegiatan pengembangan yang dapat dilakukan 3 – 4 bulan kedepan (target realisasi Oktober – Desember 2011) Kata Kunci : Tata Ruang dan Lingkungan, Kamar Bedah
The research is motivated from the results of a positive germ numbers of fungi and bacteria stapilococcus sp in Departement of Surgerry from X Hospital. Despite the intervention of the physical building has been done to eliminate fungi and bacteria, but on re-examination after the examination results of the intervention rate is still positive bacteria germs stapilococcus sp. From these findings the authors relate the presence of errors in environmental and spatial from Departement of Surgerry. Another factor that led to the study of environment and spatial anlysis is becoming an important thing to do is the motivation of the management to do the Departement of Surgerry development in the near future that are tailored to the operating room service standards set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Therefore an initial assessment needs to be done to find out on which part needs to be done and revisions to the spatial environment in Departement of Surgerry in the implementation of development so it can run effectively, efficiently and on target. The study design chosen was a qualitative approach using comparative analysis is done by finding similarities and differences of environmental and spatial conditions of the operating room compared with the guidelines, regulations and standards for operating room services are set by the Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. There are 6 (six) environmental and spatial standards that are used to assess: 1) zoning standards, 2) form, characteristics and composition standard 3) the standard relationship between space, 4) workflow, process and lay out standard 5) functions and activities standard 6) infrastructure standard as well as plus 1 (one) standard that is supporting 7) standard equipment. Attainment percentage (%) compliance with each standard is calculated by comparing the number of parameters that meet the standards required for a total of parameters multiplied by 100%. From the results of this assessment is then performed content analysis (content analysis) and consensus with stakeholders, X Hospital to produce some recommendations towards solving problems associated with environmental and spatial operating room. End of this research has concluded several recommendations based on the achievement of each standard compliance and the results of consensus with stakeholders X Hospital on which parts are the priorities to be done related to spatial development and operating room environments that are shared by the realization that term target time : 1. Development activities thar can be done in the near future (target realization of July 2011 2. Development activities that can be performed 2-3 months (target realization of August-September 2011 3. And development activities that can be performed 3-4 months (target realization of October-December 2011 Keyword: The Environment and Spatial Planning, Departement of Surgerry
Malaria, disease infectious through mosquitoes especially due to by parasite Plasmodium. Malaria is disease infection parasites that are still become problem health public main in Indonesia. Based on Survey Indonesian Health (SKI) 2023 , three province with prevalence highest are Papua (21.4 % ), Central Papua (19.3%) and Mountain Papua (8.82%). The destinations Study This that is analyze connection between characteristic factors individual , factor behavior And factor environment with malaria incidence in society in Indonesia. Research This use design study cross-sectional with using Indonesian health survey data in 2023 and amount sample namely 36,675 respondents . The results study this is a characteristic factor individual age ≥ 18 years (81.7%), type sex women (54.2%), education low (67%), and employment status “ working ” (60.4%). F actor characteristics behavior , including No use mosquito net (98.1 % ), no use drug mosquitoes (91.5%), do malaria treatment (99.7%), and No There is use gauze ventilation (82.9%). Factor characteristics environment , including system disposal waste No good (83.6 % ) and management rubbish not enough good (85.9%). Management rubbish with obtained mark p-value < 0.05 (OR 0.687) is the most dominant variable to malaria incidence in Indonesia.
The high demands to be competent globalization and MEA raising public awareness through higher education, it must be supported with the good infrastructure in the field of education. To meet the infrastructure needs of the Indonesian University authorities delegated to the contractor. Works construction project is a work in dangerous and high risk, it is necessary for a good system so as to protect workers and the working environment (because it is within the scope of the University of Indonesia) in the field of construction, called a Contractor Safety Health Environment Management System (CSHEMS). This study, the authors based on the Guidelines for the Implementation Contractor Management Universitas Indonesia. The data collection is done by means of interviews, review of documents, and direct observation to the field. In the qualifying stage was won by PT Intraco Lestari with the value of the fulfillment of qualifications by 71%. During the implementation phase, researchers conducted an inspection directly to the field by using the inspection form based on the Guidelines for the Implementation Contractor Management Universitas Indonesia, PT Intraco Lestari result obtained average value 8 of the total value of 10. The researchers did not conduct the evaluation stage due to the vocational building project stage two is still ongoing and not yet completed. Researchers provide recommendations to PT Intraco Lestari to continuing to improve on the points that are less and give attention to the points which have not been carried out in accordance with the inspection form on construction activities at the University of Indonesia.