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Health is one of the basic rights of every Indonesian citizen and the National Health Insurance system managed by the Social Security Administering Body (BPJS) is an effort to fulfill this right. Fulfillment of this guarantee is carried out based on the claim file submitted by the hospital based on the services provided to patients. Data from the National Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) shows that there are claims of delayed patient care with a large value in 2019. This study is an analytical descriptive study carried out to find the root of the problem of delaying claim payment for elderly patients, one of the patient populations with the largest contribution to claim payment delays. at RSCM, in an effort to reduce the number of delays in claim payments. Using the purposive sampling method, 131 delays in payment for elderly patient care were obtained in the period July - December 2019. Data collection on possible causes of pending claims was obtained through several methods, namely observation, literature review, document review, and in-depth interviews with twelve informants, especially medical and administrators involved in claims management. Data validity was maintained through the process of triangulation of sources and triangulation of data collection methods. The results show the problems that lead to delays in claim payments include the quality of the medical resume and errors in the coding process. The root of the problem that was found was a policy that was difficult to understand by the implementer so that it was misinterpreted plus the difficulties in each process were not communicated, lack of training and implementation of supervision for medical resume writers and coders, lack of coder staff in the inpatient unit, a review instrument for the completeness of the claim file and the repair process. that have not been created, limited access to standard documents for operational procedures of related processes, and application of monitoring of claims processes that have not been made, and limited infrastructure needed to complete this process on time. Thus, the creation of a claim management IT system in accordance with work instructions based on the regulations used is the main suggestion followed by staf training , socializing information media, and agreements with BPJS.
Management of Hazardous and Toxic Solid Waste in healthcare facilities is crucial as it significantly impacts service quality and environmental health. According to Indonesia’s 2022 environmental statistics, healthcare facilities contributed 726,817 tons of hazardous and toxic waste, but only 48,464 tons were managed. Universitas Indonesia Hospital (RSUI) has established quality indicators to assess the compliance of hazardous solid waste management with applicable regulations. However, the target for achieving these indicators was not met throughout 2024. This study employed in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews. The information obtained was then analyzed using Root Cause Analysis (RCA) to identify the root causes of the issues. The quality indicators for hazardous and toxic solid waste management at RSUI comprise several criteria based on the management process: minimization, segregation and containment, collection, storage, and transportation of hazardous and toxic solid waste. The study revealed five root causes for the failure to meet the quality indicators for hazardous and toxic solid waste management at RSUI. First, socialization efforts are not conducted regularly but are only triggered by a decline in employee awareness regarding medical waste segregation. Second, the procurement of large trash bins is not prioritized. Third, the budget is limited for meeting the demand for cleaning service officers (CSOs). Fourth, the repair process for weighing scales by the facility unit takes a long time. Lastly, pharmacy warehouse management for incoming medication is not optimized.
Latar Belakang: Salah satu langkah keselamatan pasien adalah perbaikan pelayanan kesehatan dari pelaporan insiden. Dalam praktiknya, laporan Insiden Keselamatan Pasien (IKP) yang terkumpul secara lingkup global dan di Indonesia masih terbatas dikarenakan berbagai faktor dan masalah, baik underreporting, time response, ataupun adanya insiden yang berulang terjadi. Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis akar masalah dari ketiga fenomena tersebut menggunakan kerangka root cause analysis oleh VHA National Center for Patient Safety.
Metode: Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus pada Bulan Maret-April 2025 dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap 14 informan utama dan dua informan kunci dan dengan analisis konten menggunakan software Nvivo 15. Studi ini juga menggunakan data sekunder dari rumah sakit studi mengenai insiden yang masuk di sistem rumah sakit per Bulan Januari 2024 hingga Februari 202.
Hasil: Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa faktor knowledge and skills, organizational factors, just culture, dan process and system reporting memiliki bobot pengkodean yang lebih banyak dibandingkan faktor lainnya. Dua insiden yang paling sering berulang adalah masalah identifikasi pasien dan medikasi. Human error adalah faktor utama dari kedua insiden berulang tersebut. Pengembangan sistem pelaporan, edukasi mengenai urgensi dan no-blaming culture, serta pemberlakuan komunikasi yang efektif menjadi rekomendasi action plan dari RCA yang dibentuk.
Kesimpulan: Pengembangan sistem, edukasi mengenai urgensi dan no-blaming culture, serta pemberlakuan komunikasi yang efektif menjadi rekomendasi dari akhir tahapan analisis masalah.
Kata Kunci: Root Cause Analysis, Pelaporan IKP, Blaming Culture, Senioritas, Umpan Balik
Background: One of the patient safety measures is improving healthcare services through incident reporting. In practice, Patient Safety Incident (PSI) reports collected globally and in Indonesia remain limited due to various factors and issues, including underreporting, time response, or recurring incidents. This study aims to analyze the root causes of these three phenomena using the root cause analysis framework by the VHA National Center for Patient Safety. Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study method conducted from March to April 2025, involving in-depth interviews with 14 primary informants and two key informants, utilizing content analysis with Nvivo 15 software. The study also incorporated secondary data from the hospital study regarding incidents recorded in the system from January 2024 to February 2025. Results: The study findings indicate that factors such as knowledge and skills, organizational factors, just culture, and process and system reporting had higher coding weights compared to other factors. The two most frequently recurring incidents were patient identification and medication issues. Human error was identified as the primary factor in both incidents. System development, education regarding urgency and no-blaming culture, and implementation of effective communication emerged as recommendations from the final stage of problem analysis. Conclusion: System development, education regarding urgency and no-blaming culture, and implementation of effective communication are recommended based on the final stage of problem analysis. Keywords: Root Cause Analysis, Patient Safety Incident Reporting, Blaming Culture, Seniority, Feedback
