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Ratu Aam Amaliyah; Pembimbing: Sjahrul Meizar Nasri; Penguji: Hendra, Mila Tejamaya, Noviaji Joko Priono, Rizki Ananda
Abstrak:
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Pekerja di pabrik pembuatan sepatu di negara berkembang setiap hari terpapar campuran kompleks pelarut organik. Industri sepatu dalam proses produksinya menggunakan bahan kimia seperti pelarut organik, salah satunya adalah Metil etil keton (MEK). Pekerja yang terpajan pelarut organik memiliki risiko 2 kali lebih tinggi terhadap terjadinya diagnosis kesehatan neurotoksik. Gejala neurotoksik merupakan gangguan fungsional yang berdampak pada sistem saraf pusat maupun saraf tepi akibat paparan bahan kimia yang bersifat neurotoksik. Metil etil keton merupakan salah satu jenis pelarut organik yang jika terhirup, tertelan atau kontak dengan kulit dapat menyebabkan gejala neurotoksik. Penilaian pajanan bahan kimia salah satunya dapat menggunakan metode SQRA. SQRA merupakan metode sistematik dalam mengidentifikasi bahan kimia, evaluasi pajanan, menentukan tingkat risiko serta tindakan prioritas yang dilakukan saat pengendalian risiko. PT. X merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang produksi sepatu olahraga. Sebanyak 57% pekerja di departemen poly urethane PT.X terpapar MEK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kejadian gejala neurotoksik akibat pajanan pelarut organik MEK pada pekerja industri alas kaki PT.X. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara statifikasi random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi untuk penilaian tingkat pajanan MEK dengan metode SQRA dan kuesioner Q18 Jerman untuk mengetahui keluhan gejala neurotoksik serta kuesioner untuk mengetahui variabel lainnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 28 responden (21,5%) mengalami gejala neurotoksik. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pajanan MEK memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian gejala neurotoksik dengan p-value 0,0001 (p<0,05).
Workers in shoe manufacturing factories in developing countries are frequently exposed to complex mixtures of organic solvents. The footwear industry uses chemical substances such as organic solvents, one of which is Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). Workers exposed to organic solvents have a two-fold higher risk of developing neurotoxic health conditions. Neurotoxic symptoms are functional disturbances that affect both the central nervous system and peripheral nerves as a result of exposure to neurotoxic chemicals. Methyl ethyl ketone is one type of organic solvent that can induce neurotoxic symptoms when inhaled, ingested, or encounters the skin. Chemical exposure assessment can be performed using the Sequentially Quicker Risk Assessment (SQRA) method. SQRA is a systematic approach for identifying chemicals, assessing exposure, determining risk levels, and prioritizing risk control measures. PT. X is a company that produces sports shoes. Among the workers in PT. X's polyurethane department, 57% are exposed to MEK. This study aims to examine the incidence of neurotoxic symptoms caused by exposure to the organic solvent MEK among workers in the footwear industry at PT. X. The study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional study design. The methodology utilized for data collection in this study involves the application of stratified random sampling. Data collection includes observation to assess the level of MEK exposure using the SQRA method, the German Q18 questionnaire to identify neurotoxic symptom complaints, and additional questionnaires to determine other variables. The findings of this study show that 28 respondents (21.5%) experience neurotoxic symptoms. The analysis also shows a significant relationship between the level of MEK exposure and the occurrence of neurotoxic symptoms, with a p-value of 0.0001 (p < 0.05).
T-6821
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Ryan Rachmawan; Pembimbing: Penguji Tejamaya, Doni Hikmat Ramdhan, Fatma Lestari, Hanafi, Elsye As Safira
Abstrak:
Berbagai macam pelarut organik digunakan di laboratorium pengujian PT SCI, termasuk benzene, toluene dan xylene (BTX). BTX diketahui sebagai bahan kimia yang berbahaya dan dapat menimbulkan risiko terhadap kesehatan baik dampak akut maupun kronis. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penilaian risiko Kesehatan terkait pajanan BTX guna menilai kecukupan metode pengendalian yang telah diimplementasikan di laboratorium PT SCI. Penelitian ini menilai risiko Kesehatan terkait inhalasi pajanan BTX dengan metode CHRA DOSH Malaysia secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif; dibandingkan dengan metode SQRA Singapura secara kuantitatif, tingkat risiko terkait pajanan benzene masuk ke dalam kategori tinggi, sedangkan pajanan toluene dan xylene memiliki risiko moderat. Secara kuantitatif (CHRA), pajanan benzene (TWA pengukuran = 0,025 ppm) memiliki risiko moderat (RR=5), sedangkan toluene (TWA pengukuran = 0,104 ppm) dan xylene (TWA pengukuran = 0,077 ppm) memiliki tingkat risiko rendah (RR=2). Dengan menggunakan metode SQRA diperoleh nilai tingkat risiko moderate untuk benzene, dan rendah untuk toluene, serta xylene. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode kualitatif CHRA overestimate metode kuantitatif CHRA; dan metode kuantitatif CHRA dan SQRA memperlihatkan hasil yang sebanding
A various of organic solvents are used in PT SCI's testing laboratory, including benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX). BTX is known as a hazardous chemical and can pose a health risks, both acute and chronic. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a health risk assessment related to BTX exposure in order to assess the adequacy of the control methods that have been implemented in the PT SCI laboratory. This study assessed the health risks associated with inhalation of BTX exposure with the CHRA DOSH Malaysia method qualitatively and quantitatively and compared to the Singapore quantitative method SQRA, the level of risk associated with benzene exposure is in the high category, while exposure to toluene and xylene has a moderate risk. CHRA in quantitatively, benzene exposure (TWA measurement = 0.025 ppm) had a moderate risk (RR=5), while toluene (TWA measurement = 0.104 ppm) and xylene (TWA measurement = 0.077 ppm) had a low risk level (RR=2). By using the SQRA method, the risk level is moderate for benzene, and low for toluene and xylene. It can be concluded that the CHRA qualitative method overestimates the CHRA quantitative method; and quantitative methods CHRA and SQRA showed comparable results.
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A various of organic solvents are used in PT SCI's testing laboratory, including benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX). BTX is known as a hazardous chemical and can pose a health risks, both acute and chronic. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a health risk assessment related to BTX exposure in order to assess the adequacy of the control methods that have been implemented in the PT SCI laboratory. This study assessed the health risks associated with inhalation of BTX exposure with the CHRA DOSH Malaysia method qualitatively and quantitatively and compared to the Singapore quantitative method SQRA, the level of risk associated with benzene exposure is in the high category, while exposure to toluene and xylene has a moderate risk. CHRA in quantitatively, benzene exposure (TWA measurement = 0.025 ppm) had a moderate risk (RR=5), while toluene (TWA measurement = 0.104 ppm) and xylene (TWA measurement = 0.077 ppm) had a low risk level (RR=2). By using the SQRA method, the risk level is moderate for benzene, and low for toluene and xylene. It can be concluded that the CHRA qualitative method overestimates the CHRA quantitative method; and quantitative methods CHRA and SQRA showed comparable results.
T-6256
Depok : FKM-UI, 2021
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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