Tekanan panas merupakan salah satu faktor bahaya fisik di lingkungan kerja yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan akibat panas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penilaian tekanan panas yang umumnya menggunakan indeks Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT). Namun, penggunaan alat ukur WBGT standar masih memiliki beberapa keterbatasan. Sebagai alternatif, telah dikembangkan alat real-time monitoring tekanan panas berbasis low-cost sensor yang terintegrasi dengan sistem Internet of Things (IoT). Namun, validitas hasil pengukuran alat tersebut masih belum diketahui secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis validitas alat real-time monitoring tekanan panas berbasis low-cost sensor terhadap alat ukur WBGT standar pada area indoor dan outdoor. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi komparasi (method comparison study) dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis validitas dilakukan melalui perbandingan hasil pengukuran alat real-time monitoring berbasis low-cost sensor dan alat ukur WBGT standar berdasarkan kriteria presisi, bias, linearitas, dan error pada parameter suhu kering, suhu basah alami, suhu radian, kelembapan relatif, dan nilai WBGT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu kering memiliki validitas yang baik pada pengukuran indoor dan outdoor. Suhu basah alami dan suhu radian menunjukkan validitas yang baik pada pengukuran indoor, namun mengalami penurunan validitas pada pengukuran outdoor. Kelembapan relatif menunjukkan presisi dan linearitas yang baik, namun validitasnya belum optimal karena nilai bias dan error yang relatif tinggi. Nilai WBGT menunjukkan validitas yang sangat baik pada pengukuran indoor, namun masih memerlukan peningkatan akurasi pada pengukuran outdoor. Secara kesuluruhan, validitas alat real-time monitoring tekanan panas berbasis low-cost sensor lebih baik pada pengukuran indoor dibandingkan outdoor. Alat yang dikembangkan ini berpotensi digunakan sebagai sistem pemantauan tekanan panas secara real-time, terutama pada lingkungan indoor, dengan tetap memerlukan penyempurnaan alat untuk meningkatkan validitas pengukuran outdoor.

Heat stress is one of the physical hazards in the workplace that may cause various heat-related health effects. Therefore, heat stress assessment is required, which commonly assessed using Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index. However, the use of standard WBGT instruments still has several limitations. As an alternative, a low-cost sensor-based real-time heat stress monitoring device integrated with an Internet of Things (IoT) system has been developed. However, the validity of its measurement results has not yet comprehensively known. This study aimed to determine and analyze the validity of a low-cost sensor-based real-time heat stress monitoring device against a standard WBGT instrument in indoor and outdoor environments. This study employed a quantitative method comparison design. Validity analysis was assessed by comparing measurements obtained from the low-cost sensor-based real-time monitoring device and the standard WBGT instrument based on precision, bias, linearity, and error for dry-bulb temperature, natural wet-bulb temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity, and the WBGT value. The results showed that dry-bulb temperature demonstrated good validity in both indoor and outdoor measurements. Natural wet-bulb temperature and globe temperature showed good validity in indoor measurements but experienced a decrease in validity during outdoor measurements. Relative humidity demonstrated good precision and linearity, but its validity was not optimal due to relatively high bias and error values. The WBGT value showed excellent validity in indoor measurements, but still required improved accuracy in outdoor environments. Overall, the validity of the low-cost sensor-based real-time heat stress monitoring device was better in indoor than outdoor environments. The developed device has the potential to be used as a real-time heat stress monitoring system, particularly in indoor settings, although further improvements are needed to enhance the validity of outdoor measurements.

Pajanan konsentrasi PM2,5 merupakan salah satu bahaya kimia di lingkungan kerja yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan. Dalam keilmuan Higiene Industri, salah satu tahapan yang ditujukan untuk menanggulangi pajanan konsentrasi PM2,5 di lingkungan kerja adalah evaluasi, yang dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengukurnya dengan alat ukur berstandar. Akan tetapi, harga dan biaya operasional alat ukur tersebut sangat tinggi. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi, telah dikembangkan alat realtime monitoring PM2,5 berbasis low-cost sensor. Akan tetapi, validitas hasil pengukuran alat tersebut masih belum diketahui secara komprehensif. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis validitas alat realtime monitoring PM2,5 berbasis low-cost sensor terhadap DustTrak TSI 8530 sebagai alat ukur referensi di area indoor dan outdoor. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi komparasi dengan pendekatan analitik observasional. Validitas alat tersebut akan dianalisis melalui perbandingan hasil pengukuran konsentrasi PM2,5 antara kedua alat tersebut berdasarkan kriteria presisi, bias, linearitas, dan error sesuai dengan panduan yang ada pada SNI Nomor 9178 tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pengujian di indoor, kriteria validitas yang diterima sesuai persyaratan terdiri dari Standar Deviasi (SD) yang didapatkan sebesar 1,25 μg/m^3, Koefisien Variasi (KV) sebesar 5,33%, Intercept sebesar -3,419, dan Koefisien Determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,924. Akan tetapi, terdapat kriteria validitas yang tidak diterima sesuai persyaratan, yaitu slope yang didapatkan sebesar 0,515 dan Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) sebesar 26,9 μg/m^3. Selanjutnya, pada pengujian outdoor kriteria validitas yang diterima sesuai persyaratan terdiri dari SD yang didapatkan sebesar 3,81 μg/m^3, KV sebesar 8,35%, Intercept sebesar -3,454, dan R² sebesar 0,916. Akan tetapi, terdapat kriteria validitas yang tidak diterima sesuai persyaratan, yaitu slope yang didapatkan sebesar 0,532 dan RMSE sebesar 50,2 μg/m^3. Maka dari itu, hasil Uji Validitas di kedua area pengukuran tidak valid karena kriteria slope dan RMSE di dua area pengukuran tidak diterima sesuai persyaratan, sehingga diperlukan adanya rumus adjusted sensor concentration ke dalam program alat tersebut agar dapat valid dan setara dengan DustTrak TSI 8530.

Exposure to PM2,5 concentration is one of the chemical hazards in the workplace that can cause various health problems. In Industrial Hygiene science, one of the stages aimed at overcoming exposure to PM2,5 concentration in the workplace is evaluation, which can be done by measuring it with standardized measuring instruments. However, the price and operational costs of these measuring instruments are very high. As technology develops, realtime monitoring device for PM2,5 based on low-cost sensors have been developed. However, the validity of the measurement results of these tools is still not comprehensively known. Therefore, this study aims to determine and analyze the validity of realtime monitoring device for PM2,5 based on low-cost sensors against the DustTrak TSI 8530 as a reference measuring tool in indoor and outdoor areas. This study uses a method comparison study with a analytical observasional approach. The validity of the tool will be analyzed by comparing the results of PM2,5 concentration measurements between the two tools based on the criteria of precision, bias, linearity, and error in accordance with the guidelines in SNI Number 9178 of 2023. The results of the study show that in indoor testing, the validity criteria accepted according to the requirements consist of a Standard Deviation (SD) obtained of 1.25 μg/m^3, a Coefficient of Variation (CV) of 5.33%, an Intercept of -3.419, and a Coefficient of Determination (R²) of 0.924. However, there are validity criteria that are not accepted according to the requirements, namely the slope obtained of 0.515 and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 26.9 μg/m^3. Furthermore, in the outdoor testing, the validity criteria accepted according to the requirements consist of SD obtained at 3.81 μg/m^3, CV at 8.35%, Intercept at -3.454, and R² at 0.916. However, there are validity criteria that are not accepted according to the requirements, namely the slope obtained at 0.532 and RMSE at 50.2 μg/m^3. Therefore, the results of the validation test in both measurement areas are invalid because the slope and RMSE criteria in the two measurement areas are not accepted according to the requirements, so that an adjusted sensor concentration formula is needed in the device program so that it can be valid and equivalent to the DustTrak TSI 8530.

Penilaian konsumsi gizi/dietary assessment merupakan metode penilaian status gizi untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait pola makan, baik berupa jumlah, jenis, hingga frekuensi pangan yang dikonsumsi. Salah satu metode yang sering digunakan dalam penelitian dengan topik pangan dan kesehatan adalah metode semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires (SFFQ). Namun, SFFQ memiliki berbagai kelemahan, salah satunya yaitu daftar makanan dalam kuesioner tidak dapat ditanyakan seluruhnya kepada seluruh kelompok populasi, sehingga diperlukan adaptasi serta tes validitas. Bahan makanan dalam SFFQ disusun berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu, hasil uji coba, dan observasi lingkungan sasaran. SFFQ yang terbentuk terdiri dari 19 bahan makanan dan 135 jenis pangan. Perbandingan dilakukan kepada satu kali pengambilan SFFQ untuk mencatat asupan selama sebulan terakhir dengan dua kali pengambilan 24-hour food recall untuk mewakili weekday dan weekend sebagai real intake. Sebanyak 73 siswa kelas 11 dengan rentang usia 16-18 tahun ikut serta dalam penelitian. Hasil uji t berpasangan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan antara asupan energi, karbohidrat, dan protein SFFQ dengan recall. Setelah dilakukan energy adjustment, hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan SFFQ dengan recall. Hasil uji validitas menunjukkan tingkat validitas sedang (fair) dengan catatan hasil recall weekend saja tidak dapat dianggap sebagai asupan rata-rata harian akibat variance yang terlalu besar.

Dietary assessment is a method used to evaluate nutritional status by collecting information on eating patterns, including the quantity, types, and frequency of foods consumed. One commonly used tool in public health nutrition research is the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ). However, SFFQ has several limitations, including the fact that its food list may not be universally applicable across different population groups, requiring cultural adaptation and validation. The food items included in SFFQ were selected based on previous studies, preliminary testing, and environmental observations of the target population. The finalized SFFQ consisted of 19 food groups and 135 food items. A single SFFQ reflecting intake over the previous month was compared against two 24-hour food recalls representing weekday and weekend as the real intake. A total of 73 eleventh-grade students aged 16–18 years participated in the study. Paired t-test showed significant differences in energy, carbohydrate, and protein intake between SFFQ and recalls. After energy adjustment, correlation analysis showed no significant associations between nutrients derived from SFFQ and those from recalls. The validation results indicated a fair level of validity. However, recall data from the weekend alone should not be considered representative of usual daily intake due to high variability.