Abstrak: The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between residential distance to high-voltage power lines and neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease. A Swiss study previously found increased risk of Alzheimer's disease for people living within 50 m of a power line. A register-based case-control study including all patients diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases during the years 1994-2010 was conducted among the entire adult population of Denmark. Using conditional logistic regression models, hazard ratios for ever living close to a power line in the time period 5-20 years before diagnosis were computed. The risks for developing dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and motor neuron disease were not increased in persons living within close vicinity of a power line. The risk of Alzheimer's disease was not increased for ever living within 50 m of a power line (hazard ratio = 1.04, 95% confidence interval: 0.69, 1.56). No dose-response according to number of years of living within 50 m of a power line was observed, but there were weak indications of an increased risk for persons diagnosed by the age of 75 years. Overall, there was little support for an association between neurodegenerative disease and living close to power lines.

Abstrak: Because of difficulties in finding, recruiting, and diagnosing dementia in the oldest old (ages ≥90 years), most incidence studies include few very elderly persons, and little is known about the characteristics of those who refuse participation. In a California longitudinal study of dementia and aging (The 90+ Study, 2003-2011), we compared nonresponders with responders with regard to information collected 20 years earlier and the impression of dementia as determined during telephone recruitment. Of 1,815 eligible subjects, 1,514 (83%) joined the study, 182 refused, and 119 could not be contacted. Responders did not differ from nonresponders by sex or previously collected medical history or lifestyle behaviors. Recruiters' impressions of dementia were similar in responders and nonresponders who refused (35% and 38%), and among responders, impressions of dementia showed high positive predictive value (95%) but low sensitivity (51%) for a diagnosis of dementia made during the study. Although epidemiologic studies among the very old have the potential for significant nonresponse bias due to a high proportion of frail, ill, and cognitively impaired persons, strategies can improve response rates to over 80%. Classifying nonresponders on cognitive ability at recruitment, though crude, will give some idea of the selective bias in dementia prevalence and incidence estimates introduced by nonresponse due to cognitive status.

Abstrak: Edukasi pencegahan demensia pada lansia penting untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap lansia terhadap upaya pencegahan demensia. Implementasi program edukasi pencegahan demensia dilihat berdasarkan upaya peningkatan aktifitas fisik, sosial, kognitif dan gizi lansia di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Jatinegara. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif menggunakan teori implementasi kebijakan Edward III. Pengumpulan data melalui indepth interview, focus group discussion dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah program edukasi pencegahan demensia sudah berjalan namun belum optimal dari sisi komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi, dan struktur birokrasi. Selain itu, lansia memiliki risiko tinggi terkena demensia sedangkan pengetahuan mengenai demensia masih kurang. Hal ini dikarenakan fokus program saat ini adalah skrinning pencatatan dan pelaporan jumlah lansia berdasarkan perintah Kemenkes RI. Saran penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan koordinasi dan komitmen seluruh pelaksana dan pemangku kebijakan untuk menjadikan upaya pencegahan demensia sebagai prioritas program. Kata kunci: Edukasi, demensia, implementasi program, lansia Dementia prevention education among elderly is important to improve knowledge and attitude toward prevention of dementia. Implementation of dementia prevention education program can be seen based on efforts to increase physical, social, cognitive activity and nutritional fulfillment in elderly community of Puskesmas Jatinegara sub-district. This is a qualitative research with descriptive design using Edward III implementation theory. Data collection was obtained using indepth interview, focus group discussion and observation. The result of this research mention that dementia prevention educational program is running with unsatisfactory result from communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Furthermore, elderly have a high risk of dementia, while knowledge of dementia still lacking. All this happen because the focus of current program are screening, recording and reporting the number of elderly based on the Ministry of Health's order. The research recommendation is to improve coordination and commitment of all implementers and stakeholders to make dementia prevention as a priority program. Key words: Dementia, education, elderly, implementation program

Abstrak: ABSTRAKDemensia merupakan kondisi kemunduran fungsi neuron secara perlahan danterus menerus sehingga kemampuan kognitif, emosional, dan psikomotoriksemakin berkurang seiring bertambahnya usia dan keparahan fisiologis tubuh.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai hubungan asupan vitamin A dan faktorlainnya dengan demensia pada lansia binaan CAS UI tahun 2014. Desainpenelitian cross sectional melibatkan 146 lansia berusia ≥ 60 tahun dari seluruhDepok. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama bulan April sampai Mei 2014. Metodepengambilan data dengan cara mengukur berat badan dan tinggi badanmenggunakan timbangan digital merk Kris dan mikrotoa, serta wawancaramenggunakan kuesioner SMMSE, PASE, GDS, dan SFFQ. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa prevalensi demensia (SMMSE ≤ 24) sebesar 46,6%. Analisisbivariat menyatakan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkatpendidikan, tingkat depresi, dan asupan asam folat dengan demensia. Faktorpaling dominan yang berhubungan dengan demensia adalah asupan vitamin A(OR = 8,4) setelah dikontrol dengan usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan,tingkat depresi, riwayat stroke, status gizi, asupan vitamin C, E, Fe, dan asamfolat. Membiasakan diri dengan pola hidup sehat, seperti memperbanyak makanansumber vitamin dan mineral, olahraga teratur, dan menghindari stres dapatmenjadi langkah protektif demensia pada lansia.

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ABSTRACTDementia is a condition related to neurodegenerative caused cognitive, emotional,and psychomotor decline increasingly with aged and bodies functional illness.The objective of this study is to investigate association between vitamin A intakeand the others factors related to dementia in elderly. A cross sectional study wasperformed on 146 participants aged ≥ 60 years in Depok during April – May2014. Data collected by measurement of weight using Kris digital scale, heightusing microtoise, and SMMSE, PASE, GDS, and SFFQ questionnaires. The resultof this study showed that prevalence of dementia (SMMSE ≤ 24) was 46,6%.Dementia was significantly associated with level of education, depression, andfolate acid intake. In multivariate model, vitamin A intake (OR = 8.4) was thedominant factor adjusted by age, sex, level of education, depression, history ofstroke, nutritional status, and intake of micronutrients (vitamin C, E, Fe, andfolate acid). Improving quality of live through healthy life style (consumingsource of vitamins and minerals, doing exercise regulary, no stress) is alternativeway to prevent dementia in elderly

Abstrak: Diabetes is a risk factor for dementia, but relatively little is known about the epidemiology of the association. A retrospective population study using Western Australian hospital inpatient, mental health outpatient, and death records was used to compare the age at index dementia record (proxy for onset age) and survival outcomes in dementia patients with and without preexisting diabetes (n = 25,006; diabetes, 17.3%). Inpatient records from 1970 determined diabetes history in this study population with incident dementia in years 1990-2005. Dementia onset and death occurred an average 2.2 years and 2.6 years earlier, respectively, in diabetic compared with nondiabetic patients. Age-specific mortality rates were increased in patients with diabetes. In an adjusted proportional hazard model, the death rate was increased with long-duration diabetes, particularly with early age onset dementia. In dementia diagnosed before age 65 years, those with a ≥ 15-year history of diabetes died almost twice as fast as those without diabetes (hazard ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.3, 2.9). These results suggest that, in patients with diabetes, dementia onset occurs on average 2 years early and survival outcomes are generally poorer. The effect of diabetes on onset, survival, and mortality is greatest when diabetes develops before middle age and after 15 years' diabetes duration. The impact of diabetes on dementia becomes progressively attenuated in older age groups.