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Colin J. Worby, Dakshika Jeyaratnam, Julie V. Robotham, Theodore Kypraios, Philip D. O'Neill, Daniela De Angelis, Gary French, Ben S. Cooper
Abstrak: Infection control for hospital pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) often takes the form of a package of interventions, including the use of patient isolation and decolonization treatment. Such interventions, though widely used, have generated controversy because of their significant resource implications and the lack of robust evidence with regard to their effectiveness at reducing transmission. The aim of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of isolation and decolonization measures in reducing MRSA transmission in hospital general wards. Prospectively collected MRSA surveillance data from 10 general wards at Guy's and St. Thomas' hospitals, London, United Kingdom, in 2006-2007 were used, comprising 14,035 patient episodes. Data were analyzed with a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to model transmission dynamics. The combined effect of isolation and decolonization was estimated to reduce transmission by 64% (95% confidence interval: 37, 79). Undetected MRSA-positive patients were estimated to be the source of 75% (95% confidence interval: 67, 86) of total transmission events. Isolation measures combined with decolonization treatment were strongly associated with a reduction in MRSA transmission in hospital general wards. These findings provide support for active methods of MRSA control, but further research is needed to determine the relative importance of isolation and decolonization in preventing transmission.
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AJE Vol.177, No.11
Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2013
Indeks Artikel Jurnal-Majalah   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Wita Nursanthi Nasution; Pembimbing: Adang Bachtiar; Penguji: Dumilah Ayunigtyas, Puput Oktamiyanti, Azizah Ariyani, Soeko Werdi Nindito
Abstrak:

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran kepatuhan petugas kesehatan di RSUD Pasar Rebo dalam Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi terkait rawat inap, meneliti hubungannya dengan faktor predisposisi, penguat dan pemungkin dan juga perbedaan pengetahuan, sikap dan persepsi pada ruang rawat inap kelas 3 RSUD Pasar Rebo.

Penelitian menggunakan metode observasional kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Data primer melalui observasi langsung dan pengisian kuesioner oleh petugas kesehatan yang bekerja di ruang rawat inap kelas tiga. Faktor yang diukur adalah pengetahuan, sikap, umur, jenis kelamin dan lama kerja, pelatihan, sarana, Standar Prosedur Operasional, dukungan atasan dan pengawasan. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan teknik regresi logistik dan Chi Square.

Sampel penelitian sebanyak 62 responden. 48,4% petugas kesehatan memiliki kepatuhan yang baik dalam pelaksanaan Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi. Pengetahuan adalah faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan. Pengawasan dan dukungan rumah sakit berupa pemeriksaan kesehatan dan penghargaan terhadap laporan luka tusuk jarum adalah faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan petugas kesehatan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap di rawat inap kelas 3 dalam Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi. Saran untuk rumah sakit meningkatkan pengetahuan dengan pelatihan mengenai kewaspadaan isolasi dan meningkatkan fungsi pengawasan.


ABSTRACT

This study is to determine the compliance level of healthcare workers at inpatient ward at RSUD Pasar Rebo implementing infection control, identify factors related to compliance and to know the difference factors among inpatient wards.

A quantitative study with crosss sectional design was carried out in 2011. Data was obtained using self administered interview and observation checklist. Factors measured are knowledge, attitude, age, SOP, training, facilities, surveilans and management support.

Sample reached 62. 48,4% health care workers have high compliance. Factors related are knowledge, surveilans and management support and no differences in knowledge and attitude among inpatient wards. Findings suggest a need for provision in service training of IPC, improvement surveilans from IPCN and support from management for medical check up .

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B-1474
Depok : FKM-UI, 2013
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nyaradza Notmah Nemaware; Pembimbing: Robiana Modjo; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Eli Sutiawati, Jimmy Tiarlina
Abstrak:
Petugas layanan kesehatan adalah landasan dari setiap sistem layanan kesehatan yang berfungsi, mendedikasikan diri mereka untuk perawatan pasien dan meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat. Namun, dedikasi mereka harus dibayar mahal karena lingkungan kerja membuat mereka terpapar banyak bahaya pekerjaan. Studi cross-sectional ini menggunakan metode campuran untuk menilai kesadaran kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (OHS) di kalangan petugas kesehatan di Distrik Shamva, Zimbabwe. Kuesioner (α=0,773) diberikan kepada 102 petugas kesehatan, ukuran sampel dihitung menggunakan Epi Info berdasarkan populasi 139 dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan margin kesalahan 5%. Wawancara dengan informan kunci melengkapi data kuantitatif. Studi ini mengungkapkan tingginya tingkat kesadaran K3, khususnya mengenai bahaya biologis, namun mengidentifikasi tantangan dalam implementasi karena kurangnya pelatihan, keterbatasan sumber daya, dan kebutuhan akan program K3 yang komprehensif. Bahaya yang umum terjadi antara lain cedera akibat tertusuk jarum suntik, infeksi, pemicu stres psikososial, pelecehan seksual, jam kerja yang panjang, serta terpeleset dan jatuh. Peserta merasakan program pelatihan keselamatan yang ada bermanfaat dalam mengurangi bahaya dan mengurangi cedera. Studi tersebut merekomendasikan revitalisasi program K3 dengan dukungan manajerial, mengintegrasikan protokol pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi, melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara berkala, dan melaksanakan pelatihan komprehensif yang mencakup seluruh bahaya K3. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi perlunya pendekatan multifaset untuk meningkatkan K3 di Distrik Shamva, memastikan kesejahteraan tenaga kesehatannya.

Healthcare workers are the cornerstone of any functioning healthcare system, dedicating themselves to patient care and promoting community health. However, their dedication comes at a cost, as their work environment exposes them to a multitude of occupational hazards. This cross-sectional study uses mixed-methods to assess occupational health and safety (OHS) awareness among healthcare workers in Shamva District, Zimbabwe. A questionnaire (α=0.773) was administered to 102 healthcare workers, a sample size calculated using Epi Info based on a population of 139 with a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error. Interviews with key informants supplemented the quantitative data. The study revealed a high level of OHS awareness, particularly regarding biological hazards, but identified challenges in implementation due to inadequate training, resource constraints, and the need for comprehensive OHS programs. Common hazards included needle stick injuries, infections, psychosocial stressors, sexual harassment, long working hours, and slips and falls. Participants perceived existing safety training programs as beneficial in mitigating hazards and reducing injuries. The study recommends revitalizing OHS programs with managerial support, integrating infection prevention and control protocols, conducting regular medical examinations, and implementing comprehensive training that covers all OHS hazards. These findings underscore the need for a multifaceted approach to improve OHS in Shamva District, ensuring the well-being of its healthcare workforce
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T-7137
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
:: Pengguna : Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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