Pendahuluan: Penggunaan smartphone yang tinggi di kalangan mahasiswa berpotensi memengaruhi ritme sirkadian melalui paparan cahaya biru dan perubahan perilaku tidur. Gangguan ritme sirkadian dapat tercermin pada perubahan chronotype, yaitu preferensi biologis terhadap waktu tidur dan aktivitas. Penelitian mengenai hubungan durasi screen time dan chronotype di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara durasi screen time smartphone dengan chronotype pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia tahun 2025. Metode: Studi ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional pada mahasiswa aktif jenjang S1 FKM UI tahun 2025. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner elektronik menggunakan Self-Reported Smartphone Usage Questionnaire (SSUQ) untuk mengukur durasi screen time dan Reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) untuk menentukan chronotype. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik multinomial dengan pengendalian variabel perancu. Hasil: Sebagian besar mahasiswa memiliki durasi screen time smartphone yang tinggi (>4 jam per hari). Chronotype tipe menengah merupakan jenis yang paling banyak ditemukan, diikuti tipe malam dan tipe pagi. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa dengan durasi screen time smartphone tinggi memiliki kecenderungan lebih besar untuk memiliki chronotype tipe pagi setelah dikontrol oleh variabel perancu. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara durasi screen time smartphone dengan chronotype pada mahasiswa FKM UI. Durasi screen time yang tinggi berhubungan dengan kecenderungan chronotype tipe pagi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan program promosi kesehatan terkait manajemen screen time dan kesehatan tidur di lingkungan perguruan tinggi.

Introduction: High smartphone use among university students may affect circadian rhythms through blue light exposure and changes in sleep-related behaviors. Disruption of circadian rhythms can be reflected in alterations of chronotype, defined as an individual’s biological preference for sleep and activity timing. Research examining the relationship between screen time duration and chronotype in Indonesia remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the association between smartphone screen time duration and chronotype among students of the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, in 2025.  Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design involving active undergraduate students of the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, in 2025. Data were collected through an electronic questionnaire using the Self-Reported Smartphone Usage Questionnaire (SSUQ) to measure screen time duration and the Reduced Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) to determine chronotype. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to assess the association between smartphone screen time duration and chronotype while controlling for potential confounding variables. Result: Most students reported high smartphone screen time (>4 hours per day). The intermediate chronotype was the most prevalent, followed by evening and morning types. Multivariate analysis showed that students with high smartphone screen time had a greater tendency to exhibit a morning-type chronotype after adjusting for confounding variables.  Conclusion: There was an association between smartphone screen time duration and chronotype among students of the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia. High smartphone screen time was associated with a greater likelihood of morning-type chronotype. These findings may inform the development of health promotion programs focusing on screen time management and sleep health in university settings.

Latar belakang: Night Eating Syndrome (NES) adalah gangguan makan dengan peningkatan asupan makanan malam hari dan gangguan tidur, sering dikaitkan dengan stres, kualitas tidur buruk, serta disfungsi ritme sirkadian. Mahasiswa kesehatan memiliki risiko tinggi akibat tekanan akademik dan gaya hidup tidak teratur. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi NES serta hubungannya dengan jenis kelamin, status gizi, kualitas dan durasi tidur, ritme sirkadian, depresi, stres, kecemasan, dan tempat tinggal pada mahasiswa S1 Rumpun Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Indonesia angkatan 2024. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan 148 responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan NEQ, DASS-21, PSQI, dan MEQ; dianalisis univariat dan bivariat (uji chi-square). Hasil: Prevalensi NES sebesar 37,8%. Status gizi gemuk memiliki hubungan signifikan dan bersifat protektif (p=0,019). Selain itu, NES berhubungan signifikan dengan depresi sedang (p=0,025) dan berat (p=0,001), kecemasan berat (p=0,001), stres berat (p=0,002), kualitas tidur buruk (p=0,042), ritme sirkadian tipe malam (p=0,001) dan netral (p=0,011), serta tempat tinggal tidak bersama keluarga (p<0,001). Jenis kelamin (p=0,770), status gizi kurus (p=0,209), dan durasi tidur (p=0,334) tidak signifikan. Kesimpulan: NES cukup tinggi ditemukan pada mahasiswa kesehatan dan berhubungan terutama dengan faktor psikologis, ritme sirkadian, kualitas tidur, serta tempat tinggal. Diperlukan upaya promotif dan preventif kampus, seperti edukasi manajemen stres, sleep hygiene, dan pemantauan kesehatan mental. 

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Background: Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is an eating disorder characterized by increased food intake at night and sleep disturbances. NES is often linked to psychological stress, poor sleep quality, and circadian rhythm disruption. Health science students are at higher risk due to academic pressure and irregular lifestyles. Objective: To determine NES prevalence and its association with gender, nutritional status, sleep quality and duration, circadian rhythm, depression, stress, anxiety, and living arrangements among undergraduate students in the Health Sciences Cluster, Universitas Indonesia, class of 2024. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 148 respondents using NEQ, DASS-21, PSQI, and MEQ questionnaires. Data were analyzed with univariate and bivariate (chi-square) methods. Results: NES prevalence was 37.8%. Overweight status was significantly associated and found to be protective (p=0.019). NES was also significantly associated with moderate depression (p=0.025), severe depression (p=0.001), severe anxiety (p=0.001), severe stress (p=0.002), poor sleep quality (p=0.042), evening-type circadian rhythm (p=0.001), neutral type (p=0.011), and living apart from family (p<0.001). No significant association was found with gender (p=0.770), underweight status (p=0.209), or sleep duration (p=0.334). Conclusion: NES was relatively common among health science students and significantly associated with psychological factors, circadian rhythm, sleep quality, and living arrangements. Preventive and promotive interventions are necessary to reduce the risk of NES and improve student well-being. Preventive and promotive interventions are necessary to reduce the risk of NES and improve student well-being.