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Breastfeeding is an easy way to reduce morbidity and mortality in infants and childrens. The delay in giving the first breast milk can be caused by the chosen method of birth such as vaginal or cesarean delivery. This study was conducted in a cross sectional and quantitative approach using the 2017 IDHS data to determine the relationship between cesarean delivery and Early Breastfeeding Initiation (EBFI) in DKI Jakarta Province. The sample used was women of childbearing age 15-49 years during the survey in DKI Jakarta Province who had their last child born in the last 2 years as many as 236 respondents. Univariate, bivariate statistical analysis was performed using chi-square (95% CI) and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression tests. The results of the analysis showed that mothers who gave birth by cesarean had 0.52 times [95% CI 0.27-1.01] times lower risk of having an EBFI than mothers who gave birth vaginally. Multivariate analysis in this study showed that mothers who delivered by cesarean had 0.54 times lower risk [95% CI 0.18-1.61] of having an EBFI compared to mothers who gave birth vaginally after controlled by variables such as education level, age, and economic status. It is concluded that policy making and providing interventions on how to implement and the importance of early breastfeeding initiation need to be carried out on mothers who have low levels of education, age under 35 years, low economic status, and who plan to give birth by cesarean delivery method.
Cesarean delivery is an intervention in the delivery process aimed at preventing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in medical emergencies. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between antenatal care providers and health insurance with cesarean delivery among women of childbearing aged 19-45 years in Indonesia by analyzing secondary data from the 2012 and 2017 IDHS The risk of cesarean delivery is higher in women who perform antenatal care at an obstetrician and have health insurance
Kata kunci: Infeksi daerah operasi, operasi sesar, peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major cause increased medical costs, increased length of stay and extended recovery time for women who had a cesarean section. The incidence of SSI in developing countries is higher than in developed countries. Mothers who had done cesarean section surgery have a chance up to 20 times higher of developing morbidity of infection compared to vaginal birth. Therefore this study aims to identify the incidence and risk factors of SSI postoperative cesarean also the relationship with improving the quality of health services. The research question was answered with a literature review research and results were summarized narratively. A literature search using databases from ProQuest, PubMed, BJOG, Science Direct, Springer Link andGaruda RISTEKBRIN between 2010 and 2020. The literature on risk of surgical site infection after cesarean surgery was discussed. In total, 43 studies were included in this review. Risk factor for surgical site infection (SSI) after cesarean section identified in this study were maternal age, ASA score ≥ 3, anaemia, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, smoking, tobacco use, residence, number of vaginal examinations > 3, premature rupture of membranes, prolonged labor, gestational age, indications of cesarean section (previous cesarean section, parity, arrest of labor), chorioamnionitis, length of pre and postoperative hospital stay, prophylactic antibiotics, prolonged duration of surgery, emergency surgery, blood transfusion, wound class ≥ 3, vertical or midline abdominal incision, skin closure technique, anesthetic technique and type of surgeon. Based on the risk factors of SSI after cesarean section that has been identified, several efforts can be made by hospitals to improve the quality of cesarean section services.
Key words: Cesarean section, surgical site infection, quality improvement of health service
ABSTRAK Penyalahgunaan operasi sesar dan dilakukan tanpa keperluan medis berisiko munculnya masalah kesehatan jangka panjang maupun pendek. Tren persalinan sesar di Indonesia tahun 2007-2012 mengalami peningkatan dua kali lipat. Sikap tenaga pemeriksa kehamilan menjadi isu dalam menurunkan angka persalinan sesar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tenaga pemeriksa kehamilan dengan persalinan sesar. Metode penelitian cross sectional ini menggunakan sampel penelitian 5.143 wanita usia subur (15-49 tahun) yang melahirkan anak terakhir di wilayah perkotaan Indonesia yang terpilih dalam sampel SDKI 2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemeriksaan kehamilan pada spesialis kandungan 6,6 kali lebih tinggi (95% CI 3,2-13,7), sedangkan pemeriksaan kehamilan pada spesialis kandungan dan bidan 0,5 kali lebih rendah untuk melakukan persalinan sesar dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan 2,1 kali lebih tinggi (95% CI 1,0–4,3) untuk melakukan persalinan sesar dibandingkan dengan ibu yang melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilannya di bidan setelah dikontrol oleh usia ibu, tempat periksa hamil, paritas, dan tempat melahirkan. Adanya interaksi spesialis kandungan dengan sosial ekonomi untuk persalinan sesar. Penetapan peraturan dilakukannya persalinan sesar oleh institusi kesehatan, serta melakukan upaya protektif dan preventif persalinan pada kelompok masyarakat ekonomi tinggi bertujuan untuk mengurangi terjadinya persalinan sesar yang tidak perlu. Kata kunci: persalinan sesar, tenaga pemeriksa kehamilan, perkotaan
ABSTRACT Abuse of caesarean section and performed without medical purposes risky health long and short problems. Trends cesarean deliveries in Indonesia in 2007 and 2012 has increased two-fold. The attitude of antenatal care provider become an issue in reducing the number of cesarean delivery. The purpose of this study is to know the relationship antenatal care provider with cesarean section. The methods of this this study is cross-sectional, using sample of 5.143 women of childbearing age (15-49 years) who gave birth to the last child through cesarean delivery and cesarean deliveries in urban areas selected in the sample Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012. The results showed that antenatal care in obstetrician 6.6 times higher (95 % CI 3.2 to 13.7), while antenatal care in obstetrician and midwife 0.5 times less likely to perform cesarean delivery compared with antenatal 2.1 times higher (95% CI 1.0 to 4.3 ) to perform cesarean delivery compared with women who undergo pregnancy examinations in midwifery after controlled by maternal age, a pregnancy check, parity, and place of birth. Their interaction with the content of socio-economic specialist for a cesarean delivery. Formation of rules does a cesarean delivery by health institutions, as well as make efforts to protective and preventive labor in high economic communities aim to reduce the occurrence of unnecessary cesarean deliveries. Keywords: cesarean section, antenatal care provider, urban
