Abstrak: Kelompok Penasun merupakan kelompok berisiko HIV dengan agka prevalensi HIV lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok berisiko HIV lainnya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan perilaku berisiko HIV pada Penasun dewasa muda dan dewasa madya di 3 kota di Indonesia. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional menggunakan data STBP tahun 2011 dan 2015. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Penasun di kota Medan, Bandung, dan Malang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi HIV lebih tinggi pada Penasun dewasa madya, namun meningkat 10% pada Penasun dewasa muda. Analisis multivariabel menunjukkan perilaku berisiko yang dapat meningkatkan status HIV positif tahun 2011 pada Penasun dewasa muda adalah mulai menyuntik NAPZA pada usia ≤ 18 tahun, tidak mengurangi praktik setting basah, pernah melakukan hubungan seks, berhubungan seks dengan lebih dari 1 orang, dan tidak konsisten menggunakan kondom; sedangkan pertama kali menyuntik dan berhubungan seks pada usia ≤ 18 tahun dapat meningkatkan risiko HIV positif pada Penasun dewasa madya.

Pada tahun 2015 perilaku berisiko yang dapat meningkatkan status HIV positif pada Penasun dewasa muda adalah menyuntik NAPZA pada usia ≤ 18 tahun, pinjam meminjam jarum, dan tidak konsisten menggunakan kondom; sedangkan pertama kali menyuntik pada usia ≤ 18 tahun, dan memiliki pasangan seks tidak tetap dapat meningkatkan risiko HIV positif pada Penasun dewasa madya. Perlu adanya peningkatan layanan pencegahan HIV ke Penasun dewasa muda dan intervensi terhadap jejaring Penasun.

Kata kunci : Penasun, dewasa muda, dewasa madya, perilaku berisiko HIV

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IDU is population-at-risk that has the highest HIV prevalance in Indonesia. This study aims to know different risk behavior among young adult and middle-aged adult IDU in 3 cities in Indonesia. This study design is cross sectional by using IBBS data 2011 and 2015. Samples in this study were IDU in 3 cities in Indonesia that meet inclusion and exclusion criteria.

The result shows that HIV prevalence is higher among middle-aged adult IDU, but increase 10% among young adult IDU. Multivariable analysis shows risk behaviors that increase risk of HIV positive among young adult IDU in 2011 are age at first injection ≤ 18 years, not reduce sharing drugs with water, ever had sex, and having multiple sex partners; whereas first injection and first had sex at ≤ 18 years old increase risk of HIV positive status among middle-aged adult IDU.

In 2015, risk behaviors that increase HIV positive status among young adult IDU are age at first injection ≤ 18 years, sharing syringes to inject, and not consistent using condom; whereas first injection at ≤ 18 years old and having casual sex partner increase risk of HIV positive among middle-aged adult IDU. Prevention HIV services should be improved for young adult IDU and also network intervention should be improved.

Keywords : IDU, young adult, middle-aged adult, hiv risk behavior

Abstrak:

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Abstrak: This study aimed to determine the predictors of contraceptive use among married female youths and their husbands using the behavioral theory of the Health Belief Model (HBM). A community-based survey was conducted in a rural area of Myanmar in 2008. A total of 444 respondents (222 couples) were interviewed separately using a pretested, structured questionnaire. Significant predictors of contraceptive use were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. Wife's HBM perception was a highly significant predictor of contraceptive use in married youths (adjusted odds ratio = 10; 95% confidence interval = 2.7, 37.6). Wives aged 20 to 24 years and having their own income, experience of spousal communication, and shorter distance from home to health center were also significant predictors of contraceptive use. A poor agreement on HBM perception between wife and husband was noted. This study highlights the importance of HBM perceptions, wife's income, spousal communication, and geographic barriers in contraceptive use among married youths in rural Myanmar.

Abstrak: Introduction: . Women suffer disproportionately from depression, which has a high prevalence in developing countries. Sociodemographic factors are associated with depression, some of which may be modifiable and lead to better outcomes for depression among women.

Objectives: . To determine sociodemographic factors associated with depression among women of reproductive age in Karachi.

Methods: . A case control study was conducted on 376 women in 2 hospitals in Karachi. Patients were diagnosed by psychiatrists and family physicians by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) criteria and SRQ20.

Results: . The odds for women with depression being married for >5 years, being abused by in-laws, spending ≤3 hours per day with their spouses, and being just satisfied or not satisfied with their married life was more than that for controls.

Conclusion: . The authors' findings highlight the important modifiable risk factors for depression, which if addressed will help decrease the burden of depression among women.

Abstrak: Familial aggregation of blood pressure with respect to anthropometric characteristics was investigated among the Lobana (a tribal origin) population in Punjab, a North Indian state. A total of 505 individuals comprised the study sample, constituting 116 families of 3 generations. The study represents a multivariate model analysis, which includes family data with respect to blood pressure phenotypes and other metric measurements such as height, weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and 4 skinfold measurements. A higher correlation for almost all sets of anthropometric variables with blood pressure was found among the offspring generation as compared with the parental and grandparental generations. The study confirmed that the familial aggregation of blood pressure with respect to anthropometric measurements is strong in the offspring generation. The findings suggest that sharing a household environment has a significant effect on familial aggregation especially for systolic blood pressure.

Abstrak: The present study investigates the prevalence of reproductive health morbidities, treatment-seeking behavior, and its association with sociodemographic correlates among unmarried and married adolescent girls of Sikkim. The study sample includes 1250 adolescent girls randomly selected from both urban and rural blocks of the State. Information on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, prevalence of reproductive health morbidities, and treatment-seeking behavior was collected using standard pretested questionnaires.

Results: of the study indicate that the prevalence of reproductive health morbidities among both married and unmarried girls is quite high. Age, media exposure, and economic status emerged as significant correlates of treatment-seeking practices among both married and unmarried girls. High prevalence of reproductive health morbidity in this vulnerable group, particularly in rural settings, requires urgent intervention of health planners. This study reinforces an indirect and mediatory role of socioeconomic and demographic factors in the prevalence of reproductive health morbidities and associated treatment-seeking behaviors.