Ditemukan 8 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Tri Hernowo; Pembimbing: Abdul Rahman
S-1294
Depok : FKM UI, 1998
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Nining Irene; Pembimbing: Abdul Rahman
S-1404
Depok : FKM UI, 1998
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Indah Nursanty; Pembimbing: Abdul Rahman
M-1265
Depok : FKM UI, 2002
D3 - Laporan Magang Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Evi Triastuti; Pembimbing: Abdul Rahman
M-1268
Depok : FKM UI, 2002
D3 - Laporan Magang Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Holong Purnama Putra; Pembimbing: Abdul Rahman; Penguji: Sri Tjahjani Budi Utami, Ramdan Tiar
Abstrak:
Diare pada balita merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian pada bayi (31,4%) dan anak balita (25,2%). Sekitar 162.000 balita meninggal akibat diare tiap tahunnya atau sekitar 460 balita per hari (Depkes, 2011). Di Bogor angka diare meningkat tiap tahunnya data dari 2011-2013 menunjukkan ada peningkatan kasus di tahun 2011 ada 21.687 kasus tahun 2012 ada 22.625 kasus dan di 2013 ada 24.187 kasus (P3KL Dinkes Bogor, 2013). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktorfaktor risiko apa saja yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas Bogor utara. Studi ini menggunakan metode kasus kontrol dengan jumlah sampel 46 kasus dan 46 kontrol metode pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang berpengaruh antara faktor penyebab dengan kejadian diare yaitu : Perilaku mencuci tangan OR: 4,28 (95% CI 1,587-11,575), Penanganan sampah OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Sumber air bersih OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244- 8,039), Sarana Jamban OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Sanitasi makanan OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), dan Pengetahuan orang tua OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Upaya penanggulangan dengan cara meningkatkan sanitasi lingkungan dan memberikan program penyuluhan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat sekitar.
Kata kunci : Diare pada balita, Faktor-faktor penyebab diare
Diarrhea is one cause of death in infants (31,4%) and children under the age of five years (25,2%). Approximately 162.000 children under the age of five death every year or 460 every day (Depkes) in Bogor incident rate of diarrhea increase every year from 2011-2013. in 2011 there are 21.687 case, in 2012 there are 22.625 case and in 2013 there are 24.187 case. this research have a purpose to determine risk factors associated with diarrhea incident in children under the age of five on working area Puskesmas north Bogor. this study use case control method with number of sample 46 people case and 46 control. Method of data collection by interview and observation. the results showed influence of risk factors with diarrhea incident. the risk factors have influence are Handwashing behaviour OR: 4,28(95% CI 1,587-11,575), Waste handling OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Source of clean water OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244-8,039), Availabilty of latrines OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Food hygiene and sanitation OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), and Knowledge of parents OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Diarrhea prevention efforts by improving enviroment sanitation and providing education programs to increase public knowledge.
Key Words : Diarrhea in children under the age of five, Risk factors cause diarrhea
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Kata kunci : Diare pada balita, Faktor-faktor penyebab diare
Diarrhea is one cause of death in infants (31,4%) and children under the age of five years (25,2%). Approximately 162.000 children under the age of five death every year or 460 every day (Depkes) in Bogor incident rate of diarrhea increase every year from 2011-2013. in 2011 there are 21.687 case, in 2012 there are 22.625 case and in 2013 there are 24.187 case. this research have a purpose to determine risk factors associated with diarrhea incident in children under the age of five on working area Puskesmas north Bogor. this study use case control method with number of sample 46 people case and 46 control. Method of data collection by interview and observation. the results showed influence of risk factors with diarrhea incident. the risk factors have influence are Handwashing behaviour OR: 4,28(95% CI 1,587-11,575), Waste handling OR: 3,87 (95% CI 1,632-9,203), Source of clean water OR: 3,16 (95% CI 1,244-8,039), Availabilty of latrines OR: 4,52 (95% CI 1,845-11,081), Food hygiene and sanitation OR: 2,92 (95% CI 1,249-6,809), and Knowledge of parents OR: 2,66 (CI 95% 1,146- 6,198). Diarrhea prevention efforts by improving enviroment sanitation and providing education programs to increase public knowledge.
Key Words : Diarrhea in children under the age of five, Risk factors cause diarrhea
S-9060
Depok : FKM UI, 2016
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Aris Munandar; Pembimbing: Abdul Rahman; Penguji: Haryoto Kusnoputranto, Setyo Sarwanto Moersidik, Hening Darpito, Ronnie Rivany
Abstrak:
Rumah Sakit merupakan institusi yang berpotensi menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan, terutama dari limbah cair yang dihasilkan karena kegiatan sehari-hari. Penanganan limbah cair dapat dilakukan dengan cara fisik, kimia dan biologis atau gabungan dari ketiganya. Salah satu pengolahan limbah cair secara biologis adalah menggunakan Rotating Biological Contactors (RBC). Metode ini memanfaatkan kemampuan mikrobia daiam merombak bahan cemaran sampai menjadi senyawa yang stabil. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi masih tingginya parameter limbah cair Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Raden Mattaher Jambi, yang angkanya masih diatas Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit sehingga dimungkinkan dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penurunan kandungan BOD, COD, P04, TSS, NH3 dan MPN Coli limbah cair Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Raden Mattaher Jambi setelah diolah dengan RBC sebagai unit pengolahan limbah cair secara biologis, sehingga didapatkan limbah cair yang kualitasnya lebih baik. Disamping itu juga untuk mengetahui penurunan terbaik parameter limbah cair tersebut berdasarkan waktu tinggal dan waktu putar (3 rpm). Jenis penelitian adalah Eksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pretest-Postest, dimana sebelum penelitian dilaksanakan terlebih dahulu dilakukan aklimasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa limbah cair Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Raden Mattaher Jambi setelah diolah dengan RBC, terdapat penurunan parameter berdasarkan variasi waktu tinggal dan waktu putar (3 rpm). Hasil penelitian dilapangan ditemukan penurunan parameter BOD, COD, P04, pada waktu tinggal 60 menit dengan putaran 3 rpm, merupakan penurunan yang optimum. Artinya dalam waktu 60 menit diolah dengan RBC maka parameter BOD, COD, dan PO4 terjadi penurunan yang memenuhi Standar Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit yaitu BOD = 14,25 mg/L, COD = 22,25 mg/L, dan P04 = 0,72 mg/L. Sedangkan waktu tinggal 120 menit, 180 menit, 240 menit dan 300 menit terjadi penurunan parameter BOD, COD dan P04 tetapi penurunannya sangat kecil. Parameter TSS dan NH3 terjadi penurunan pada semua waktu tinggal tetapi, penurunan yang terjadi hasilnya masih diatas Standar Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit yaitu TSS antara 1,64 mg/L sampai dengan 174,75 mg/L dan NH3 antara 1,31 mg/L sampai dengan 1,52 mg/L. Sedangkan parameter bakteriologis terbukti terjadi penurunan MPN Coli yang optimum oleh karena dari semua waktu tinggal yang digunakan hasilnya menunjukan penurunan MPN Coli dapat memenuhi Standar Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit yaitu antara 2090 sampai 5260. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa : 1. RBC dapat menurunkan kandungan parameter limbah cair Rumah Sakit. 2. Penurunan kandungan parameter yang optimum berdasarkan waktu tinggal adalah BOD, COD, PO4 dan MPN Coli. 3. Penurunan kandungan parameter TSS dan NH3 terjadi berdasarkan waktu tinggal tetapi hasil penurunan tersebut masih diatas Standar Baku Mutu Limbah Cair Rumah Sakit. Untuk itu disarankan kepada manajemen RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi, dapat menggunakan metode RBC ini yang dimodifikasi sesuai volume limbah cair yang dihasilkan. Disamping itu perlu mengfungsikan kembali aerator yang ada pads IPAL. Sedangkan kepada peneliti lain yang berminat untuk penelitian lanjutan agar metode ini lebih sempurna.
Processing of the Liquid Garbage at the General Hospital of Raden Mattaher, Jambi by Rotating Biological Contactors (RBC) (Case Study at the General Hospital of Raden Mattaher, Jambi)Hospital is an institution that having potency in rising of environment contamination, especially to liquid garbage that resulted from the daily activities. The management of liquid garbage can be conducted by physical, chemical and biological ways or combination of them. One of liquid garbage biologically processing, it was using Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC). This method is utilizing the capability of microbial in changing the pollution material up to stable compound. The background of this study, it is still high the content parameter of liquid garbage at the General Hospital of Raden Mattaher, Jambi, which is the rate still over than the Basic Quality of liquid garbage of Hospital, so it is possibility raising the negative impact to the surroundings environmental. The objective of this study is to determine the reducing of BOD, COD, P04, TSS, NH3 contents, and MPN Collie liquid garbage at General Hospital, Raden Mattaher, Jambi after processing by RBC as processor unit of liquid garbage biologically, so it obtained liquid garbage in good quality. Besides that, it is to determine the best reducing on content parameter of liquid garbage based on stay time and cycle time (3 rpm). This study is experimental with the design one group pretest posttest, where before conducting the study, it done acclamation in the previous. The result of this study shows that the liquid garbage at General Hospital of Raden Mattaher, Jambi after processing with RBC, there was reducing parameter based on variation of staying time and cycle time (3 rpm) in differently. The result at the field found that the reducing parameter of BOD, COD, P04, on the stay time is 60 minutes with 3 rpm, it is optimum reducing. It means that in 60 minutes processing by RBC, so the parameter of BOD, COD, and P04, shows reducing that meet with the Standard of Basic Quality of liquid garbage at the Hospital that is BOD = 14.25 mg/L, COD = 22.25 mg/L, and PO4 = 0.72 mg/L. While the stay time 120 minutes, 180 minutes, 240 minutes and 300 minutes shows reducing parameter of BOD, COD, and P04, but the reducing is very small. The parameter TSS and NH3 shows the reducing on all stay time, however the reducing the showed still above the Standard of Basic Quality of liquid garbage at the Hospital that is TSS between 1.64 mg/L - 174.75 mg/L, and NH3 between 1.31 mg/L - 1.522 mg/L. While the parameter of bacteriologic proves occur reducing MPN Collie that optimum, because out of all the stay time that used result shows reducing MPN Collie meet with the Standard of Basic Quality of liquid garbage at the Hospital those are between 2090 to 5260. Based on the result above, it can be concluded as the followings: 1. The RBC could reduce the parameter contents of liquid garbage of hospital. 2. The reducing of optimum parameter content based on the stay time is BOD, COD, P04, and MPN Collie. 3. The reducing parameter content of TSS and NH3 occur based on stay time, but the result of reducing is still above the Standard of Basic Quality of liquid garbage at the hospital. It is recommended to the management of the General Hospital of Raden Matther Jambi to use the RBC method that modified according to the volume of liquid garbage that resulted. Besides that, it should reutilize aerator that available on IPAL. While the other researchers that interested to do further study to make this method more perfectly.
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T-1420
Depok : FKM-UI, 2002
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Erna Veronika; Pembimbing: Budi Hartono, Abdul Rahman; Penguji: Laila Fitria, Didi Purnama, Miko Hananto
Abstrak:
Penggunaan merkuri dalam PESK sangat menimbulkan masalah, karena selama prosesnya, PESK mengeluarkan merkuri ke lingkungan saat pembuangan limbah sehingga memungkinkan terjadi pencemaran lingkungan. Pajanan merkuri pada tubuh dalam waktu yang lama dapat menimbulkan dampak kesehatan salah satunya adalah terhadap ginjal karena merupakan organ ekskresi utama yang penting untuk mengeluarkan zat-zat toksik yang masuk ke dalam tubuh. Glomerulus filtration rate (GFR) merupakan salah satu parameter untuk mengetahui tingkat fungsi ginjal dan menentukan stadium penyakit ginjal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar merkuri dalam rambut pada masyarakat terhadap nilai estimasi glomerulus filtration rate (GFR). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross cectional dengan variabel terukur adalah kadar merkuri rambut, karakteristik responden (usia, jenis pekerjaan, indeks masa tubuh, lama tinggal, kebiasaan merokok, aktivitas fisik, konsumsi obat, dan konsumsi air minum) dan nilai estimasi GFR. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 58 orang. Data yang diperoleh diuji menggunakan chi-square, independen t-Test dan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 51,7% responden memiliki kadar merkuri dalam rambut yang melebihi batas maksimal (>2 μg/gr) dan 43,1% responden mengalami penurunan nilai estimasi GFR (fungsi ginjal yang tidak normal). Penurunan nilai estimasi GFR di pengaruhi oleh umur dan kadar merkuri dalam rambut. Menurunnya nilai estimasi GFR dapat dicegah dengan lebih banyak mengkonsumsi air minum dan mengurangi kebiasaan minum obat serta perlunya penyuluhan dari pelayanan kesehatan tentang bahaya dan dampak merkuri terhadap kesehatan pada masyarakat. Kata kunci : glomerulus filtration rate (GFR), merkuri rambut, Pertambangan Emas Skala Kecil (PESK)
The application of mercury in ASGM is very problematic, because through the process, SSGM release mercury to the environment during waste disposal and enable environmental pollution. Mercury exposure to the body for a long time can cause health impact, one of them is the effect to kidney. It is the main excretory organs which are important to remove toxic substances that enter the body. Glomerulus Filtration Rate (GFR) is one of the parameters to determine the level of kidney function and stage of kidney disease. This study aimed at determine the relationship between mercury levels in hair of the community against the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). This research used cross-sectional design with measurable variables are mercury levels in hair, respondent characteristics (age, occupation, body mass index, length of stay, smoking habit, physical activity, medicine consumption and drinking water consumption) and estimated GFR value. The sample in this study 58 people. Data obtained tested using chi-square, independent t-Test and logistic regression. The results showed that 51.7% respondents had exceeded the guideline of hair mercury levels (>2 μg/gr) and 43.1% of respondents experienced a decrease estimated GFR value (abnormal kidney function). Estimated GFR values decreased was influence by age and mercury levels in hair. Decreasing of estimated GFR values can be prevented by consume more drinking water, reduce medicine consume habits and it is necessary to give health education about the dangers and impacts of mercury on health to the community. Keywords: Glomerulus Filtration Rate (GFR), mercury level in hair, Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining (ASGM).
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The application of mercury in ASGM is very problematic, because through the process, SSGM release mercury to the environment during waste disposal and enable environmental pollution. Mercury exposure to the body for a long time can cause health impact, one of them is the effect to kidney. It is the main excretory organs which are important to remove toxic substances that enter the body. Glomerulus Filtration Rate (GFR) is one of the parameters to determine the level of kidney function and stage of kidney disease. This study aimed at determine the relationship between mercury levels in hair of the community against the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). This research used cross-sectional design with measurable variables are mercury levels in hair, respondent characteristics (age, occupation, body mass index, length of stay, smoking habit, physical activity, medicine consumption and drinking water consumption) and estimated GFR value. The sample in this study 58 people. Data obtained tested using chi-square, independent t-Test and logistic regression. The results showed that 51.7% respondents had exceeded the guideline of hair mercury levels (>2 μg/gr) and 43.1% of respondents experienced a decrease estimated GFR value (abnormal kidney function). Estimated GFR values decreased was influence by age and mercury levels in hair. Decreasing of estimated GFR values can be prevented by consume more drinking water, reduce medicine consume habits and it is necessary to give health education about the dangers and impacts of mercury on health to the community. Keywords: Glomerulus Filtration Rate (GFR), mercury level in hair, Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining (ASGM).
T-4858
Depok : FKM UI, 2017
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Diana Rinawati; Pembimbing: Rachmadhi Purwana, Abdul Rahman
T-1764
Depok : FKM UI, 2003
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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