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Alleluia Victoria Aljonak; Pembimbing: Milla Tejamaya; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, Hendra, Muhamad Dawaman, Eka Cempaka Putri
Abstrak: Komputer merupakan alat kerja yang sudah tidak asing lagi bagi pekerja kantor. Aktivitas ini dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya ketidaknyamanan pada tubuh, hingga dapat menyebabkan keluhan nyeri muskuloskeletal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor individu (postur, usia, jenis kelamin, dan indeks massa tubuh) dan lingkungan kerja (suhu, pencahayaan, dan stasiun kerja) terhadap keluhan gangguan otot rangka akibat kerja (GOTRAK) di PT. X. Penelitian ini juga menilai ergonomi stasiun kerja pada PT. X berdasarkan PERMENKES no. 48 tahun 2016 tentang Standar K3 Perkantoran. Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang kepada 42 pekerja dan observasi langsung. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah 61,9% pekerja mengalami nyeri pada tubuh selama 1 bulan terakhir. Berdasarkan pengisian Nordic Body Map, keluhan terbanyak berada pada titik 5 (punggung) sebanyak 57,7%, titik 7 (pinggang) sebanyak 53,8%, dan titik 0 (leher atas) sebanyak 46,2%. Pada hasil analisis penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa pada faktor individu, hanya faktor indeks massa tubuh yang memiliki korelasi (rho = 0,330 = berpengaruh positif yang sedang) dan signifikan (p-value = 0,033) terhadap keluhan nyeri. Sedangkan pada faktor lingkungan kerja, hanya faktor pencahayaan yang memiliki korelasi (rho = -0,323 = berpengaruh negatif yang sedang) dan signifikan (p-value = 0,037) terhadap keluhan nyeri. Stasiun kerja pada PT. X membutuhkan beberapa perbaikan karena dapat menjadi salah satu penyebab terjadinya keluhan GOTRAK pada pekerja
Computers are work tools that are familiar to office workers. This activity can increase the risk of discomfort to body and become musculoskeletal pain. This study aims to analyse the relationship of individual factors (posture, age, sex, and body mass index) and work environment (temperature and lighting) on occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders at PT. X. This paper is also assessing the ergonomics of work station at PT. X based on PERMENKES no. 48 of 2016 concerning Office K3 Standards. The design of this study was cross-sectional with 42 workers and direct observation. 61.9% of workers experienced pain in the body during the last 1 month. The results of Nordic Body Map questionnaire show the most pain occurrence are at point 5 (back) as much as 57,7%, point 7 (waist) as much as 53,8%, and point 0 (upper neck) as much as 46,2%. Through quantitative analysis, it is known that on the individual factors, only the body mass index factor has a correlation (rho = 0,330 = moderate positive correlation) and significant (p-value = 0,033) on pain occurrence. Meanwhile, on the work environment factor, only the lighting factor has correlation (rho = -0.323 = moderate negative correlation) and significant (p-value = 0.037) on pain occurrence. Work station at PT. X needs some improvements because an unergonomic work station can be one of the contributors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders occurrence complaints among workers
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T-6295
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Mirsupi Usman; Pembimbing: Milla Tejamaya; Penguji: Hendra; Abdul Kadir, Dippu Rocky Nababan, Laode Syahrizal
Abstrak:
Seiring dengan target pemerintah dalam peningkatan produksi minyak dan gas di lepas pantai, maka penggunaan bahan kimia dalam kegiatan produksi minyak dan gas semakin meningkat, hal ini memunculkan kekhawatiran akan potensi permasalahan kesehatan pekerja, oleh karenanya perlu dilakukan kajian risiko kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat risiko (risk rating/RR) kesehatan terkait pajanan dari kesebelas bahan kimia utama yang digunakan pekerja, pada proses produksi minyak dan gas di kapal FPSO XYZ tahun 2022. Metode Chemical Risk Assessment (CRA) yang digunakan adalah Stoffenmanager® 8 version 5.0 yang merupakan tools untuk menilai risiko kesehatan jalur pajanan inhalasi dan dermal dari penanganan enam bahan kimia oleh production technician di area kerja topside deck dan lima bahan kimia oleh utility operator di area kerja machinery deck. Hasil CRA menunjukkan bahwa tingkat risiko (RR) jalur inhalasi dimana satu bahan kimia kategori risiko tinggi (1,highest) delapan bahan kimia kategori risiko sedang (2, medium), dan dua bahan kimia risiko rendah (3, lowest). Sedangkan berdasarkan risk characterization ratio (RCR) pajanan inhalasi, ada dua bahan kimia yang diketahui nilai RCR task ≥ 1, yang berarti perkiraan konsentrasi emisi yang dihasilkan saat beraktivitas (task concentration estimation/TCE) terhadap potensi bahaya terhirup oleh production technician dan utility operator saat beraktivitas pada jarak yang dekat dengan sumber emisi, dikategorikan berbahaya atau risiko tidak dapat di tolerir (Unacceptable risk). Untuk tingkat risiko dermal efek lokal (skin local), sembilan bahan kimia masuk kategori risiko tinggi dan dua bahan kimia masuk kategori risiko sedang. Sedangkan tingkat risiko dermal efek sistemik (skin uptake), empat bahan kimia kategori risiko sedang, dan tujuh bahan kimia kategori risiko rendah. Hasil risk rating (RR) menentukan pula prioritas tindakan (Action Priority/AP) pengendalian risiko kesehatan. Rekomendasi pengendalian adalah menurunkan tingkat bahaya (HR) dengan melakukan penggantian bahan kimia (subtitusi) dengan bahan kimia yang lebih rendah tingkat bahayanya bagi kesehatan, dan untuk pajanan dermal (ER), otomatisasi proses penanganan, modifikasi teknik pekerjaan dengan membuat sistem penambahan bahan kimia secara gravitasi, menurunkan jumlah dosis pemakaian namun tetap efektif efisien (workplace-related modifiers), mengurangi waktu dan frekuensi penggunaan bahan kimia tersebut (activity time), penambahan ventilasi lokal (LEV) selain ventilasi mekanik, serta menggunakan baju khusus tahan kimia beserta sarung tangannya atau Chemsuit (control measures modifiers)

Along with the government's target to increase offshore oil and gas production, the use of chemicals in oil and gas production activities tends to increase, this raises concerns about potential health problems for workers, therefore it is necessary to conduct a chemical health risk assessment. This study aims to analyze the health risk rating (RR) related to exposure to the eleven main chemicals used by workers in the oil and gas production process on the FPSO XYZ ship in 2022. The Chemical Risk Assessment (CRA) method that is used is Stoffenmanager® 8 version 5.0 which is a tool to assess the health risks of inhalation and dermal exposure lines from the handling of six chemicals by production technicians on the topside deck work area and five chemicals by utility operators on the machinery deck work area. The results of the CRA show that the risk level (RR) for the inhalation route are one chemical in the high risk category (1,highest), eight chemicals in the medium risk category (2, medium), and two chemicals in the low risk category (3, lowest). Meanwhile, based on the risk characterization ratio (RCR) of inhalation exposure, there are two chemicals whose RCR task value is ≥ 1, which means the estimated concentration of emissions produced during the activities (task concentration estimation/TCE) against the potential inhalation hazard by production technicians and utility operators when activities at a close distance to the emission source, are categorized as a dangerous or unacceptable risk. For the level of dermal risk of local effects (skin local), nine chemicals are in the high risk category and two chemicals are in the medium risk category. While the level of risk of dermal systemic effects (skin uptake), four chemicals were in the moderate risk category, and seven chemicals were in the low risk category. The results of the risk rating (RR) also determine the priority of action (Action Priority/AP) for controlling health risks. Control recommendations are to reduce the level of hazard (HR) by replacing chemicals (substitutions) with lower chemicals levels of danger to health, and for dermal exposure (ER), automation of handling processes, modification of work techniques by making chemical addition systems automatically. gravity, reducing the number of doses used but still being effective and efficient (workplace-related modifiers), reducing the time and frequency of using these chemicals (activity time), adding local ventilation (LEV) in addition to mechanical ventilation, and using special chemical resistant clothing and gloves or Chemsuit (control measures modifiers)
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S-11183
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Warda Yussy Rha; Pembimbing: Milla Tejamaya; Penguji: Dadan Erwandi, Herni Susanti, Triyo Hartono, Dian Fitri Lestari
Abstrak:
Perawat merupakan salah satu profesi yang berisiko mengalami distres. Distres pada perawat dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti pada arena individu (jenis kelamin, usia, status pekerjaan dan masa kerja), arena kerja (ketaksaan peran, konflik peran, pengembangan karir, hubungan interpersonal, beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja), dan arena sosial (dukungan sosial dari supervisor dan dukungan sosial dari rekan kerja). Hal ini dapat memberikan dampak pada perawat seperti kelelahan, perilaku kasar, anxiety, peningkatan tekanan darah, kurangnya kepercayaan diri, penurunan efisiensi, dan lain-lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengambarkan tingkat distres dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat distres pada perawat ruang perawatan di RSUD X Tembilahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada Mei - Agustus 2022. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perawat di ruang perawatan RSUD X Tembilahan. Distres diukur menggunakan kuesioner COPSOQ III dan NIOSH Generic Job. Data dianalisis menggunakan Chi-square dan regresi logistik ordinal. Ditemukan bahwa 28,9% perawat mengalami tingkat distres rendah, 68,9% perawat mengalami tingkat distress sedang, dan 2,2% perawat mengalami tingkat distress tinggi. Analisis regresi logistik ordinal menunjukkan bahwa perawat perempuan berisiko mengalami distres lebih tinggi dibandingkan perawat laki-laki (OR=4,03). Faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh pada arena kerja dengan tingkat distress adalah konflik peran (OR=3,15) dan beban kerja (OR=3,8). Pengelolaan tingkat distres pada level organisasi dapat berupa melakukan pengawasan dalam pelaksanaan peraturan mengenai hak pekerja perempuan, memperhatikan deskripsi pekerjaan dan sumber daya manusia yang dibutuhkan, monitoring status kesehatan perawat, menyeimbangkan beban kerja dengan kapasitas kemampuan yang dimiliki perawat, dan mengupayakan sistem reward baik berupa materi maupun apresiasi terhadap hasil kerja untuk meningkatkan motivasi bagi perawat. Sedangkan pada level individu dapat berupa melaksanakan strategi perawatan diri yang sehat, work-life balance, dan melakukan relaksasi. Hal ini dibutuhkan untuk mencegah peningkatan tingkat distres pada perawat ruang perawatan di RSUD X Tembilahan

Nursing is one of the stressful professions. Distress emerged on nurses due to various factors such as in the individual arena (gender, age, marital status and work experience), the work arena (role ambiguity, role conflict, career development, interpersonal relationships, workload and work environment), and the social arena (social support from supervisors and social support from colleagues). This can have an impact on nurses such as fatigue, harsh behavior, anxiety, increase of blood pressure, lack of self-confidence, decrease in efficiency, etc. This study aims to describe the level of distress and to analyze the factors affected with the level of distress on nurse in the treatment room at X Hospital Tembilahan. This study uses a cross-sectional study design that was conducted in May-August 2022. The population in this study were all inpatient nurse in X Hospital Tembilahan. The distress level is measured using the COPSOQ III and NIOSH Generic Job questionnaires. Data are analysed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression. such as in the individual arena (gender, age, employment status and years of service), the work arena (role ambiguity, role conflict, career development, interpersonal relationships, workload and work environment), and the social arena (social support from supervisors and social support from colleagues). This can have an impact on nurses such as fatigue, rude behavior, anxiety, increased blood pressure, lack of confidence, decreased efficiency, and others. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of distress and to analyze the factors that influence the level of distress in nurses in the treatment room at X Tembilahan Hospital. This study used a cross-sectional study design which was conducted in May - August 2022. The population in this study were all nurses in the X Tembilahan Hospital. Distress was measured using the COPSOQ III and NIOSH Generic Job questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and ordinal logistic regression. It was found that 28.9% of nurses experienced low levels of distress, 68.9% of nurses experienced moderate levels of distress, and 2.2% of nurses experienced high levels of distress. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that female nurses had a higher risk of experiencing distress than male nurses (OR=4.03). The most influential risk factors in the work arena with a level of distress are role conflict (OR=3.15) and workload (3.8). Management of the level of distress at the organizational level can be in the form of supervising the implementation of regulations regarding the rights of women workers, paying attention to job descriptions and human resources needed, monitoring the health status of nurses, balancing the workload with the capacities of nurses, and pursuing a reward system in the form of material as well as appreciation of work results to increase motivation for nurses. Meanwhile, at the individual level, it can be in the form of implementing healthy self-care strategies, work-life balance, and relaxation. This is needed to prevent an increase in the level of distress in nurses in the treatment room at X Tembilahan Hospital
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T-6519
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Anharudin; Pembimbing: Milla Tejamaya; Penguji: Indri Hapsari Susilowati, L. Meily Kurniawidjaja, Elsye As Safira
Abstrak:
Cardiovasculer Diseases (CVD) adalah penyakit jantung yang meliputi empat hal yaitu (1) coronary arterial diseases (CAD) atau penyakit jantung koroner (PJK); (2) cerebrovaskular diseases termasuk stroke dan ischemic transient attack (TIA); (3) penyakit arteri yaitu perifer arterial diseases (PAD) dan (4) aterosklerosis aorta. CVD menjadi salah satu pembunuh nomor satu di dunia, karena banyak faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi baik yang dapat dimodifikasi dan yang tidak bisa dimodifikasi sehingga sulit ditangani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian CVD di PT. X. Untuk saat ini di PT. X faktor risiko yang bepotensi menyumbang kejadian CVD 10 tahun mendatang sudah mulai muncul berdasarkan data kesehatan pemeriksaan kesehatan rutin tahunan pekerja tahun 2021. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan tahunan 2021 terdapat peningkatan faktor risiko CVD meliputi angka obesitas 65,5%; kolesterol total tinggi 50,13%; diabetes mellitus 4,3 % dan hipertensi 5,79%. Studi ini merupakan studi cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menganalisis data primer dan sekunder untuk menggambarkan faktor risiko CVD termasuk prediksi 10 tahun mendatang bagi para responden menggunakan metode Framingham Risk Score (FRS), Skor Kardiovasar Jakarta (SKJ) dan WHO Chart serta menganalisis risiko CVD di PT X tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dengan metode Framingham Risk Score (FRS); Skor Kardiovaskuler Jakarta (SKJ) dan WHO Chart diperoleh persentase responden dengan risiko tinggi terjadinya CVD masing-masing adalah (10,2%); (18,7%) dan (1,7 %) dengan (n=235). Hasil penelitian juga menunjukan dari beberapa faktor risiko didapatkan bahwa (46,0%) responden berusia dibawah 40 tahun dan (77,0%) responden berjenis kelamin laki-laki., sedang untuk faktor risiko CVD merokok didapatkan (26,8%); BMI dengan obesitas (26%); HDL poor (34,5%); kolesterol total tinggi (37,9%); diabetes militus (10,6 %); tekanan darah tinggi (11,9%) dan mempunyai aktivitas rendah (93,2%). Faktor risiko dominan berupa merokok dari hasil analisis diperoleh pula nilai (OR=13,7), artinya seseorang yang merokok mempunyai peluang 13,7 kali berisiko lebih tinggi mengalami CVD dibandingkan dengan seseorang yang tidak merokok. Selain merokok adalah diabetes mellitus, dengan nilai (OR=7,6) artinya seseorang yang mengalami diabetes mempunyai peluang 7,6 kali berisiko lebih tinggi mengalami CVD dibandingkan dengan seseorang yang tidak diabetes mellitus. Juga HDL, dari hasil analisis diperoleh nilai (OR=7,7), artinya seseorang yang memiliki HDL rendah mempunyai peluang 7,7 kali berisiko lebih tinggi mengalami CVD dibandingkan dengan seseorang yang HDL tinggi. Secara garis besar masukan terhadap perusahaan adalah program pencegahan CVD agar dibuat continues dan serentak di berbagai Region atau Unit, serta meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran pekerja akan pentingnya menjaga kesehatan dan menerapkan reward dan konsekuensi secara lebih konsisten.

Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) is heart disease which includes four major diseases, namely (1) coronary arterial diseases (CAD) or coronary heart disease (CHD); (2) cerebrovascular diseases including stroke and ischemic transient attack (TIA); (3) arterial disease, namely peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) and (4) aortic atherosclerosis. CVD is one of the number one killer diseases in the world, because there are many modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that affect it and making it difficult to treat. The purpose of this study was to analyse various factors related to be CVD at PT. X. Currently at PT. X risk factors that have the potential to contribute to be CVD in the next 10 years have started to appear based on the health data for the 2021 annual routine medical examination of workers. Based on the results of the 2021 annual health examination, there is an increase in CVD risk factors including an obesity rate of 65.5%; high total cholesterol 50.13%; diabetes mellitus 4.3% and hypertension 5.79%. This study is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach by analysing primary and secondary data to describe CVD risk factors including predictions for the next 10 years for respondents using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) method, Jakarta Cardiovascular Score (SKJ) and WHO Chart as well as analysing CVD risk at PT X in 2022. This study found that using the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) method; The Jakarta Cardiovascular Score (SKJ) and the WHO Chart obtained the percentage of respondents with a high risk of developing CVD, respectively (10.2%); (18.7%) and (1.7%) with (n=235). The results of the study also showed that from several risk factors it was found that (46.0%) of respondents were under 40 years old and (77.0%) of respondents were male, while for CVD risk factors smoking was obtained (26.8%); BMI with obesity (26%); poor HDL (34.5%); high total cholesterol (37.9%); diabetes mellitus (10.6%); high blood pressure (11.9%) and have low activity (93.2%). The dominant risk factor in this study is smoking. From the results of the smoking analysis also obtained a value (OR = 13.7, meaning that someone who smokes has a 13.7 times higher risk of getting CVD compared to someone who does not smoke. Other dominant risk factor is diabetes mellitus, with a value (OR = 7.6) meaning that someone who has diabetes has a 7.6 times higher risk of getting CVD compared to someone who does not have diabetes mellitus. Also, HDL with the results of the analysis obtained a value (OR = 7.7), meaning that someone who has low HDL has a 7.7 times higher risk of getting CVD compared to someone with high HDL. Main input to the company is a CVD prevention program to be made continuously and simultaneously in various Regions or Units, as well as increasing employee knowledge and awareness of the importance of maintaining health and implementing rewards and consequences more consistently.
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T-6499
Depok : FKM-UI, 2023
S2 - Tesis   Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
:: Pengguna : Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
Library Automation and Digital Archive