Remaja merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan reproduksi karena selarna masa ini keinginan untuk mencoba dan mengetahui sesuatu yang bam cukup besar. Pomografi merupakan media yang dapat mempengaruhi remaja untuk berperilaku seksual beresiko. Paparan pomografi dan efcknya pada remaja merupakan masalah yang serius oleh karena dapat mengalcibatkan adanya oulcome perilaku seksual beresiko yang berdampak terhadap masalah kesehatan rcproduksi pada remaja sepcrti : kchamilan yang tidak diinginkan, aborsi yang tidak aman, pcnyakit menular scksual dan HIV/ AIDS. Penelitian ini berlujuan untuk mengetahuinya papamn pomograli dan efek yang terjadi serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efek paparan pomografi pada remaja SMP Negeri di Kota Pontianak tahun 2008. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Pontianak mulai bulan Desember 2007 sampai dengan Januari 2008 dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional (potong lintang) pada 395 responden remaja SMPN dari lima kecamatan di wilayah Kota Pontianak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa remaja SMPN di Kota Pontianak 83,3% tclah terpapar pomograii dan sebanyak 263 responden (79,5 %) sudah mengalami efek paparan pomograti. Dari remaja yang mengalami efek paparan 52 responden (l9,8 %) sudah berada pada tahap adiksi, sisanya 211 belum mengalami tahap adiksi. Dari 52 responden yang adiksi 36 responden berada pada tahap eskalasi. 22 berada pada tahap desensitisasi dan 7 responden berada pada tahap acl our. Faktor yang mempengaruhi efek paparan pomografi pada remaja SMPN di Kota Pontianak tahun 2008 adalah jenis kelamin, kelas, waktu keterpaparan dan fiekuensi paparan. Frekuensi paparan terhaclap pomografi mempakan faktor yang paling dominan mempengaruhi efek paparan pomografi pada rcmaja SMP Negeri dengan OR = 5,02 kali (95% Cl:l,39-l8,09) setelah dil-control variabel jenis kelamin, kelas dan frekuensi paparan di Kota Polilianak tahun 2008. Kepada berbagai pihak tcrkait disarankan agar terlibat langsung dalam memantau perkembangan rcmaja dan dengan tegas turut serta dalam memberantas pomograti yang beredar schingga dapat meminimalisir efek paparan pomograli yang terjadi pada rcmaja serta dapat mencegah perilaku seksual bcresiko pada rcmaja yang dapat mcningkatkan masalah kesehalan reproduksi pada remaja.

Adolescence is critical period during the life span which is transition age between childhood to adult. ln this period the sexual problem is often happenned in conjunction with their growing process and development. Pomogmphy is mass media who has contributed to increased of' sexual activities on adolescen. The efect of pomography exposure is serious problems that influencing of sexual behaviour which are increased reproductive health problems such as unwanted pregnancy, unsafed abortion, infection sexual disease, HIV/ AIDS etc. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that related to the efect of pornography exposure and the most dominant factor among adolescence in state junior high school at Pontianak district on 2008. Research design used in this study was cross sectional. The study was conducted at tive state junior high school with 395 respondents from December 2007 to January 2008. The result of this research has shown that 33,3 % adolescence has exposured to pomography and 263 respondent (79,5 %) of them had experienced the efects of pomography exposure. 52 respondent who has experienced the efects of pomography had adiction stage. 36 from 52 respondent of adiction has escalation stage. 22 from 36 respondent of escalation has desensitization stage, and 7 from 22 respondent of desensitization has act out stage. Multivariate analysis shown there were tive variables that has significant relationship on the efect of pomography exposure which are gender, level of class at school, lenght of exposure and frequency of exposure. The analysis also shown that the length of pomography exposure is the most dominant factor related to the efect of pomography exposure among adolescence in state junior high school at Pontianak District on 2008 with Odds Ratio is 5,02 (95 % Cl : l,39-I 8,09). To the all of stakeholders that related to the problems are suggested to directly involved in monitoring the growing of the adolescence and have a strong commitment to eliminate the pomography which is also can minimized the efect of the pomography exposures among the adolescence. This actions can prevent high risk sexual behavior and increase healthy of reproductive system among the adolescence.

Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) merupakan salah satu istilah baru yang digunakan untuk pemberian ASI satu jam pertama setelah melahirkan. Bila pemberian ASI satu jam pertama tidak memberikan kesempatan pada bayi untuk mencari sumber makanannya sendiri, tata laksana IMD memungkinkan bayi untuk merangkak diatas dada ibunya dan berusaha mencapai puting susu ibunya sendiri. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian ASI 1 jam setelah melahirkan adalah pengetahuan ibu, pelayanan kesehatan pada waktu hamil, dan persalinan yang ditolong oleh tenaga kesehatan. Sedangkan faktor yang dominan adalah penolong persalinan dan tenaga periksa hamil. Ketidakberdayaan ibu melahirkan menjadikan ibu berperilaku pasif terhadap apa yang dilakukan padanya dan bayinya sesaat setelah melahirkan membuat bidan sebagai tenaga penolong pesalinan mempunyai peranan penting dalam memberikan dukungan pada ibu untuk melaksanakan IMD. Namun hingga saat ini belum tersedia informasi akurat dari faktor tenaga kesehatan pemeriksa kehamilan maupun penolong persalinan?dalam hal ini bidan?yang dapat mendukung keberhasilan pelaksanaan IMD oleh ibu melahirkan dan bayi yang dilahirkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran sikap bidan terhadap IMD. Triagulasi metode digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dimana dipakai dua jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Enam informan diwawancara untuk penelitian kualitatif dan 162 responden disurvei dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Dari penelitian kualitatif didapatkan informasi bahwa sebagian besar informan mendukung pelaksanaan IMD dan berpendapat bahwa IMD penting dan bermanfaat bagi ibu dan bayi. Dari penelitian kuantitatif, didapatkan persentase bidan yang kurang mendukung pelaksanaan IMD (54,4%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang mendukung pelaksanaan IMD (45,6%). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan sikap bidan terhadap IMD adalah dukungan rekan kerja bidan pada pelaksananaan IMD.

Initiation of Breasfeeding (IBF) is a term that is used for giving breastmilk within one hour after delivery. In the early detachment, a baby wasn?t given any chance to find his own source of food, but in IBF, the baby had the opportunity to crawl on his mother's chest and find his mother?s nipple by himself. Factors that related with breastfeeding within one hour after delivery are mother's knowledge, ante natal care, and delivery helped by health care workers. Moreover, the dominant factors are birth attendant and ante natal care attendant. Physical tiredness after birth makes the mother become very passive to everything done to her and her baby. This situation makes midwife, as birth attendant has big role to support the mother and the baby to do IBF. But until recently, there is no information avalaible about birth attendant and ante natal attendant midwife which can support the successful of IBF. This study was done to determine the midwives attitude towards IBF. Triagulation method was used in this study. Six informen was interviewed in the qualitative method and 162 respondents filled self administered questioners in the quantitative method. Base on the indepth interview, most of the informen show positive attitude towards IBF and claimed that IBF was important and had advantages for both the mother and the baby. Moreover, the survey showed 54,4% respondents had the negative attitude towards IBF and there was significant relationship between peer support for midwife to their attitude towards IBF (p value=0,018).

Kepesertaan JPKM masih rendah atau hanya 0,3% dari jumlah penduduk Indonesia (SUSENAS 2004 dalam Depkes RI 2006). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari faktor-faktor dari dalam dan faktor-faktor dari luar keluarga terhadap kepesertaan masyarakat dalam JPKM sukarela di Kota Metro Tahun 2008. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh Kepala KeIuarga (KK) di Kota Metro Lampung. Penelitian ini merupakan survei (non experiment) dirnana data ini dikumpuIkan seeara cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 131 IC.K yang diambil secara klaster yaitu di tiap kecamatan diambil satu kelurahan tiap kelurahan secara random ditentukan sampel menurut jumlah proporsi KK yang ada (sconpel random sampling). Penelitian ini kemudian menemukan bahwa ada hubungan antara faktor-faktor dari dalam keluarga (Umur KK, Jenis kelamin KK, Pendidikan KK, Pengetahuan KK, Pekerjaan KK, Penghasilan KK, Juralah anggota keluarga dan Arti sakit bagi keluarga) dan faktor-faktor dari luar keluarga (Promosi JPKM, Dukungan Pernerintah, Keberadaan asuransi lain/Askin, Pola Perilaku Masyarakat dalarn Menghadapi Sakit, Lokasi pelayanan Kesehatan dengan JPKM) terhadap kepesertaan dalam JPKM. Dan i penelitian ini ditemukan hanya 14,5% yang menjadi peserta JPKM. Ini diperkuat dengan fakta pertanyaan terbuka yang menyatakan rnasyarakat mempersepsikan bahwa JPKM adalah jaminan pemeliharan kesehatan untuk orang miskin. Analisis variabel dalam penelitian ini menernukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel pengetahuan KK (faktor dari dalam keluarga) serta variabel dukungan pemerintah dan pola perilaku masyarakat dalam menghadapi sakit (faktor dari luar keluarga) dengan kepesertaan JPKM. Dan Analisis selanjutnya (multivariat) ditemukan bahwa faktor pengetahuan KK berpengaruh terhadap kepesertaan .TPKM sukarela (p-,043) Odd Ratio (OR) 3,42 yang berarti mereka (KK) yang rnengetahui JPKM sukareta mempunyai pe1uang 3-4 kali menjadi peserta. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan sangat mempengamhi kepesertaan JPKM sukarela melalui pembentukan persepsi yang benar tentang .JPKM Sebagai saran maka JPKM sukarela ini yang sebenamya merupakan peran serta masyarakat dalam bidang kesehatan sebagai mana yang dicita-citakan dalam pembangunan kesehatan perlu didorong melalui extensifikasi sosialisasi JPKM sukarela yaitu melalui berbagai peluang, jalur dan cam yang memungkinkan. Ini sesuai dengan amanat UU no 23 Th 1992 tentang kesehatan pasal 66 ayat 1: Pemerintah mengembangkan, membina dart mendorong jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan masyarakat (.111134) sebagai cam yang dijadikan landasan setiap penyelenggaraan perneliharaan kesehatan, yang pembiayaannya dilaksanakan secara pra-upaya , berazaskan usaha bersama dan kekeluargaan.

The study has a purpose on explore the internal and external factors on the family for the voluntarily membership of the RICA at Kota Metro, Lampung at the year of 2008. The study is a survey (non-experiment) and data is gathered by a cross sectional design. The population of the study is the Head of the Household (NH) of Kota Metro, Lampung. The sample size is 131 of HH that withdrawn by a cluster sampling method, i.e. in every sub-district there will be one neighborhood is chosen, and from every neighborhood, a random sampling method is used to get the sample proportionately with the number oh the HH in the neighborhood. The study found that there is a relationship between the family internal and the external factors with the membership for JPKM. The internal factors are consists of the age, sex, education, knowledge, occupation, and the income of the HA member of the family, and the mean of the illness for the family. While the external factors are the .113KIvl campaign, government support, availability of Poor Family Insurance or other insurance, community behavior pattern to deal with the illness, the location of health services with WKM. The study reveal that there is only 14.5% is a member of JPKM, because mostly perception on the community say that JPKM is a health security for the poor. Analysis found that there is a significant relationship between variables of HH's knowledge (family's internal factor), government support variable and community behavior pattern in dealing with the illness (family's external factor), and the membership of JPKM Further analysis (multivariate) found that the factor of HI-I's knowledge have the influence to the involuntary membership on JPICIVI (p value: 0.043) has the OR on 3.42, and it means that I-11-1 with a good knowledge have opportunity to become a JPKM membership 34 times in compare with HH with low knowledge. To conclude, knowledge has a great extent in influencing the voluntary membership for JPIKM through a proper understanding of perception on JPKM It is suggested, as it hopes in the health development goals, that voluntary JPKM membership, as a form of community participation on health area, should be supported by a broadening socialization of the JPKM voluntary membership through any opportunity, channel and possibilities way. This also consistent with the statement of the U1.1 NO. 23, 1992 in relation to health, at the Chapter 66 verse 1 "The government should support and encourage the JPKM as a foundation of any application for health care that financed by a pre-finance scheme, base on a kinship mutually affair".

ABSTRAK Masih tingginya angka kematian neonatal di Indonesia dimana masih mencapai 34/1000 kelahiran hidup. Penyebab kematian neonatal tersebut antara lain adalah disebabkan oleh tetanus neonatorium, diare, pneumoni dan infeksi tali pusat yang mencapai 57,1 % (Djaja, 2003). Dari beberpa penelitian perawatan tali pusat menunjukkan pengaruh metoda terhadap lama puput dan terjadinya infeksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain kohort karena melakukan observasi terhadap perawatan tali pusat sampai lepas puput tali pusat yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan metoda perawatan tali pusat terhadap lama puput tali pusat. Populasi penelitian adalah bayi sehat yang lahir secara spontan di Rumah Sakit Kesdam Jaya Jakarta dibagi tiga populasi untuk masing-masing metoda sebesar 24 bayi. Analisis data meliputi analisa univariat, analisis bivariat dengan uji chi square. Untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik untuk melihat faktor yang paling dominan. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 variabel yang berhubungan dengan lama puput tali pusat di Rumah Sakit Kesdam Jaya Jakarta yaitu variabel metoda perawatan tali pusat, timbulnya infeksi, cara perawatan, kelembaban tali pusat dan sanitasi lingkungan. Sedangkan berat lahir bayi dan lingkar tali pusat tidak berhubungan. Variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan lama puput tali pusat adalah timbulnya infeksi dan sanitasi lingkungan . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata waktu pelepasan tali pusat yang dirawat dengan metoda kering terbuka adalah 4,58 hari, kering tertutup 6,58 hari dan alkohol 8,46 hari. Bila dibandingkan perbedaan rata rata lama puput antara metoda alkohol dengan kering terbuka 3,38 hari, antara metoda alkohol dengan kering tertutup 1,88 hari dan antara metoda kering terbuka dengan kering tertutup 2,00 hari (p=0,000) terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna. Sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan perawatan tali pusat metoda kering terbuka puput lebih cepat dibandingkan metoda alkohol dan kering tertutup. Disarankan kepada rumah bersalin dan bidan dapat menerapkan dan dapat memberikan pendidikan kesehatan yang benar kepada ibu yang baru melahirkan agar dapat melaksanakan metoda dan cara perawatan tali pusat yang baik.

ABSTRACT Neonatal mortalities in Indonesia are still high reached 34/1000 live births. Some of them are caused by neonatarium tetanus, diarhea, pneumonia and umbilical cord infection that reach 57.1% (Djaja, 2003). Some researches show that there are influences of umbilical cord treatment method to the length of umbilical cord separation and infection occurance. This study is an observational research using kohort design because it observed the umbilical cord treatment till its separation that aims at knowing the correlation of the umbilcal cord treatment method to the length of its ravelation. The population of this study are normal born healthy babies in Kesdam Jaya Jakarta Hospital which are devided into three populations with 24 babies for each method. The data analysis includes univariat analysis; bivariat analysis with chi square test to see the correlation between independance variable and dependance variable; and multivariat analysis with logistic regression test to see the most dominant factor. Multivariat analysis results show that there are 5 variables related to the long of umbilical cord separation in kesdam jaya jakarta hospital, that are umbilical cord treatment method, infection occurrence, treatment ways, umbilical cord humidity, and environmental sanitation. While babies? birth weight and the umbilical cord bend are not related. The most dominant variables related to the the long of umbilical cord revelation are the infection occurence and environmental sanitation. The results show that the time average of umbilical cord ravelation with dry-open treatment method is 4.58 days, 6.58 days with dry-closed method, and 8.46 days with alcohol method. The time average comparation between alcohol and dry-open method is 3.38 days, alcohol and dry-closed method is 1.88 days, and between dry-open and dry-closed method is 2.00 days (p=0.000) which means there is a difference. Therefore, it can be concluded that the umbilical cord ravelation treatment with dry-open method is faster than alcohol and dry-closed method. It is recommended to the maternity home and the midwife to apply and provide the proper health education to new mothers who give birth in order to implement the proper umbilical cord treatment methods.;Neonatal mortalities in Indonesia are still high reached 34/1000 live births. Some of them are caused by neonatarium tetanus, diarhea, pneumonia and umbilical cord infection that reach 57.1% (Djaja, 2003). Some researches show that there are influences of umbilical cord treatment method to the length of umbilical cord separation and infection occurance. This study is an observational research using kohort design because it observed the umbilical cord treatment till its separation that aims at knowing the correlation of the umbilcal cord treatment method to the length of its ravelation. The population of this study are normal born healthy babies in Kesdam Jaya Jakarta Hospital which are devided into three populations with 24 babies for each method. The data analysis includes univariat analysis; bivariat analysis with chi square test to see the correlation between independance variable and dependance variable; and multivariat analysis with logistic regression test to see the most dominant factor. Multivariat analysis results show that there are 5 variables related to the long of umbilical cord separation in kesdam jaya jakarta hospital, that are umbilical cord treatment method, infection occurrence, treatment ways, umbilical cord humidity, and environmental sanitation. While babies? birth weight and the umbilical cord bend are not related. The most dominant variables related to the the long of umbilical cord revelation are the infection occurence and environmental sanitation. The results show that the time average of umbilical cord ravelation with dry-open treatment method is 4.58 days, 6.58 days with dry-closed method, and 8.46 days with alcohol method. The time average comparation between alcohol and dry-open method is 3.38 days, alcohol and dry-closed method is 1.88 days, and between dry-open and dry-closed method is 2.00 days (p=0.000) which means there is a difference. Therefore, it can be concluded that the umbilical cord ravelation treatment with dry-open method is faster than alcohol and dry-closed method. It is recommended to the maternity home and the midwife to apply and provide the proper health education to new mothers who give birth in order to implement the proper umbilical cord treatment methods.;Neonatal mortalities in Indonesia are still high reached 34/1000 live births. Some of them are caused by neonatarium tetanus, diarhea, pneumonia and umbilical cord infection that reach 57.1% (Djaja, 2003). Some researches show that there are influences of umbilical cord treatment method to the length of umbilical cord separation and infection occurance. This study is an observational research using kohort design because it observed the umbilical cord treatment till its separation that aims at knowing the correlation of the umbilcal cord treatment method to the length of its ravelation. The population of this study are normal born healthy babies in Kesdam Jaya Jakarta Hospital which are devided into three populations with 24 babies for each method. The data analysis includes univariat analysis; bivariat analysis with chi square test to see the correlation between independance variable and dependance variable; and multivariat analysis with logistic regression test to see the most dominant factor. Multivariat analysis results show that there are 5 variables related to the long of umbilical cord separation in kesdam jaya jakarta hospital, that are umbilical cord treatment method, infection occurrence, treatment ways, umbilical cord humidity, and environmental sanitation. While babies? birth weight and the umbilical cord bend are not related. The most dominant variables related to the the long of umbilical cord revelation are the infection occurence and environmental sanitation. The results show that the time average of umbilical cord ravelation with dry-open treatment method is 4.58 days, 6.58 days with dry-closed method, and 8.46 days with alcohol method. The time average comparation between alcohol and dry-open method is 3.38 days, alcohol and dry-closed method is 1.88 days, and between dry-open and dry-closed method is 2.00 days (p=0.000) which means there is a difference. Therefore, it can be concluded that the umbilical cord ravelation treatment with dry-open method is faster than alcohol and dry-closed method. It is recommended to the maternity home and the midwife to apply and provide the proper health education to new mothers who give birth in order to implement the proper umbilical cord treatment methods., Neonatal mortalities in Indonesia are still high reached 34/1000 live births. Some of them are caused by neonatarium tetanus, diarhea, pneumonia and umbilical cord infection that reach 57.1% (Djaja, 2003). Some researches show that there are influences of umbilical cord treatment method to the length of umbilical cord separation and infection occurance. This study is an observational research using kohort design because it observed the umbilical cord treatment till its separation that aims at knowing the correlation of the umbilcal cord treatment method to the length of its ravelation. The population of this study are normal born healthy babies in Kesdam Jaya Jakarta Hospital which are devided into three populations with 24 babies for each method. The data analysis includes univariat analysis; bivariat analysis with chi square test to see the correlation between independance variable and dependance variable; and multivariat analysis with logistic regression test to see the most dominant factor. Multivariat analysis results show that there are 5 variables related to the long of umbilical cord separation in kesdam jaya jakarta hospital, that are umbilical cord treatment method, infection occurrence, treatment ways, umbilical cord humidity, and environmental sanitation. While babies’ birth weight and the umbilical cord bend are not related. The most dominant variables related to the the long of umbilical cord revelation are the infection occurence and environmental sanitation. The results show that the time average of umbilical cord ravelation with dry-open treatment method is 4.58 days, 6.58 days with dry-closed method, and 8.46 days with alcohol method. The time average comparation between alcohol and dry-open method is 3.38 days, alcohol and dry-closed method is 1.88 days, and between dry-open and dry-closed method is 2.00 days (p=0.000) which means there is a difference. Therefore, it can be concluded that the umbilical cord ravelation treatment with dry-open method is faster than alcohol and dry-closed method. It is recommended to the maternity home and the midwife to apply and provide the proper health education to new mothers who give birth in order to implement the proper umbilical cord treatment methods.] File Digital: 1

Latar belakang: Kematian bayi dua pertiga nya terjadi pada periode neonatal. Pelayanan antenatal adalah pelayanan yang diberikan kepada ibu hamil secara berkala untuk menjaga kes*hatan ibu dan janinnya yang terdiri dari pemeriksaan kehamilan dan koreksi terhadap penyimpangan yang ditemukan, pemberian intervensi dasar, serta mendidik dan memotivasi ibu hamil agar dapat merawat dirinya selama hamil dan mempersiapkan persalinannya. Perawatan neonatal yang memadai diperlukan selain perawatan antenatal dan pertolongan persalinan yang adekuat dalam upaya menurunkan kematian bayi karena infeksi pasca lahir seperti tetanus neonatorum dan sepsis, hipotermia dan asfiksia. Tujuan: Diketahuinya kelangsungan hidup bayi selama 28 hari serta perbedaan kelangsungan hidup bayi selama 28 hari berdasarkan kunjungan ANC dan perawatan postnatal. Metode: Desain kohort retrospektif dengan memanfaatkan data SDKJ tahun 20022003 berjumlah 13.240 sampel. Analisis data univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan interaksi. Hasil dan Diskusi: Kelangsungan hidup bayi pada periode neonatal probabilitasnya secara keseluruhan sebesar 98,75% ; probabilitas kelangsungan hidup bayi pada periode neonatal berdasarkan kunjungan ANC yang baik sebesar 99,47% ; probabilitas kelangsungan hidup bayi pada periode neonatal berdasarkan perawatan postnatal yang baik sebesar 98,79% ; sedangkan probabilitas kelangsungan hidup bayi pada periode neonatal berdasarkan kunjungan ANC dan perawatan postnatal yang baik sebesar 98,15%. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Meningkatkan kunjungan ANC dan perawatan postnatal karena akan memberikan probabilitas kelangsungan hidup bayi yang besar. Serta peningkatan jumlah dan kualitas serta pemerataan penempatan tenaga kesehatan dan juga meningkatxan akses masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan fasilitas kesehatan.

 Background: Two third of infant mortality are occurred in neonatal period. Antenatal service is a service which is given to pregnant women periodically to maintain and improve the health status of pregnant women and their fetus. Antenatal service consist of checking the pregnancy and correcting any deviation found in the pregnancy, also giving health education and motivating the mother to keep on caring themselves and prepare for the delivery. Beside adequate antenatal care and delivery attendance, adequate neonatal care is also needed as part of effort to decrease neonatal mortality due to post-natal infection such as tetanus neonatorum and sepsis, hypothermia and asphyxia. Aims: To identity the neonatal survival and the difference of neonatal survival based on ANC visit and postnatal care. Design: Retrospective cohort design using DHS data in 2002-2003 which is consist of 13,240 samples. Methodology: The data are analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate with interaction. Results: The probability of infant survival in neonatal period is 98.75%; the probability of infant survival in neonatal period based on ANC visit is 99.47%; the probability of infant survival in neonatal period based on postnatal care is 98.79%; whereas the probability of infant survival in neonatal period based on ANC visit and posinatal care is 98.15%. Conclusion: ANC visit and post natal care should be increased since they will increase the probability of neonatal survival. Quantity, quality and distribution of health workers should be improved, and the accessibility of health facilities towards the community should also be increased.

Latar belakang: Hampir tidak adanya perubahan jumlah kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah selama empat tahun terakhir merupakan suatu masalah besar, sehingga dapat berkontribusi terhadap angka kematian dan angka kesakitan bayi. Metod: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol, untuk melihat hubungan status anemia trimester I, II, dan selama hamil sebagai variabel utama dengan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah setelah dikendalikan dengan umur ibu, paritas, jarak kehamilan, tinggi badan, penambahan berat badan, lingkar lengan atas, kunjungan ke palayanan kesehatan. Dari 84,98 % data register kohort ibu yang valid dibagi menjadi dUa bagian. Pertama adalah ibu yang melahirkan aterm dengan bayi lahir berat badan rendah yang dikelompokkan menjadi kasus dan kedua ibu yang melahirkan aterm dengan bayi berat badan lahir normal yang dikategorikan kelompok kontrol. Untuk kelompok kasus semua ibu yang melahirkan aterm dengan bayi berat lahir rendah tahun 2006 dan 2007 diambil sedangkan tahun 2005 dilakukan random kasus hingga memenuhi 96 kasus. Untuk kelompok kontrol dibuat kerangka sampel, dari kerangka sampel ini kemudian diambil sampel secara random, sesuai dengan tempat dan waktu dimana kasus ditemukan hingga jumlahnya 96 kontrol. Sehingga total sampel penelitian berjumlah 192 sampel. Analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda dengan interaksi antara anemia dan lingkar lengan atas ibu hamil. Hasil: Ibu hamil yang anemia trimester I dan lingkar lengan atas kurang 23,5 cm berisiko 13,57 (95 % CI: 2,74-67,20) melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil yang tidak anamia dan lingkar lengan atasnya lebih dari 23,5 cm dengan nilai p =0,001; Ibu hamil yang anemia trimester III dan lingkar lengan atas kurang 23,5 cm berisiko 7,44 (95% CI : 1,94-28,62) melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah dibandingkan dengan ibu hamil yang tidak anemia dan lingkar lengan atas lebih dari 23,5 cm dengan nilai p =0,003; Ibu hamil yang anemia selama kehamilannya (trimester I dan III) dan lingkar dengan atas kurang 23,5 cm berisiko 9,97 (95% CI: 1,81·54,79) melahirkan bayi berat lahir rendah di dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak anemia dan lingkar lengan atas lebih dari 23,5 cm dengan niai p = 0,008. Kesimpulan: ibu barnil yang mengalarni status goo kurang (anemia dan lingkar lengan a!aS kurang 23,5 em) memperbesar risiko kejadian baY; berat 1abir rendah di Kola Jambi taboo 2005·2001.

Background: Next to nothing is change sum up heavy baby occurrence born to lower during four the last year represent an big problem, so that earn bave contribution to mortality and number of baby painfulness. Design: This research use design case control, to see relation of status of anemia of trimester I, II, and during pregnancy as especial variable with heavy baby occurrence born to lower after controlled with mother age, parity. apart pregnancy, high of body, heavy addition of body, circle arm to the, visit to health service. From 84,98 % data of divided to valid register cohort mother become two shares. Mother bearing a term with baby born bady weight lower grouped to become case and second mother hearing a term with heavy baby of body born normal is which group control. For the case group of all mother bearing a term with heavy baby born to lower year 2006 and 2007 taken by 2005 done by random case till fulfill 96 case. For the group control made by framework sample, from this framework sample later; then be taken by sample in random as according 10 place and time of where case found till sum up 96 control. So that totalize sample research amount to 192 sample. Analysis multivariate use test of regression logistics duplicate with interaction of between anemia and arm circumference to the pregnant mother. Results: Pregnancy woman which anemia of trimester I and arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm risk 13,57 (95 % CI: 2,74-67,20) bearing heavy baby born to lower compared to by a pregnancy mother which the anemia do not and the arm circumference to the more than 23,5 cm with p value = 0,001; Pregnancy mother which anemia of trimester III and arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm risk 7,44 (95% CI: 1,94-28,62) bearing heavy baby born to lower compared to by a pregnancy mother which the anemia do not and the arm circumference to the more than 23,5 cm with p value=0,003; Pregnancy mother which anemia of during his pregnancy (trimester I and III) and the arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm risk 9,97 (95% CI: 1,81-54,79) bearing heavy baby born 10 lower in compared to by a mother which the anemia do not and the ann circumference to the more than 23,5 cm with p value= O,008 aras pregnant mother. Conclusion: Pregnancy woman experiencing of status gizi less (anemia and arm circumference to the less 23,5 cm) enlarging risk of heavy baby occurrence born to lower in Kota Jambi Year 2005-2007.

Air Susu lbu (ASI) merupakan makanan utama bayi terutama pada enam bulan pertama kehidupan bayi berusia 6 bulan tidak mengbasilkan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik. Pemerintah Indonasia melaui SUrat Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 450/Menkes/SK/IV/2004 menetapkan Pemberian ASI secara Eksklusif pada Bayi sampai usia enam Bulan. Kenyatannya hasil Survey Demografi dan Kesebatan Indonesia (SDK1) tahun 2002-2003 menW>jukkan masih terdapat 13% bayi di bawah usia dua bulan yang telah diberi susu formula dan satu dari tiga bayi usia 2-3 bulan te1ah diberi makanan tambaban. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambarau pola pemberian ASI di wilayah kerja Paskesmas Sukarame Kabupaten Tasikmalaya serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi responden yang memberikan ASI secara eksklusif hanya 13,7%, dan proporsi bayi dengan gizi balk sebesar 94,33%. Fakror-faktor predisposisi yang berbubungan dengan pola pemberian ASI adalab pengetahuan ibu tentang ASI, sikap ibu terbadap AS!, rencana pemberian ASI eksklusif; pemberian ASI segera, pendidkan ibu, dan usia ibu. Ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan balk tentang ASI memiliki peluang 11 kali lebih tinggi untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan lattang tentang ASI Ibu dengan sikap yang baik terhadap ASI memiliki peluang 6,938 kali lebih besar untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif darlpada ibu dengan sikap yang matang terhadap ASI. Ibu yang memiliki rencana untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif dan ibu yang melakukan pemberian ASI segera masing-masing memiliki peluang lebih tinggi untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif, yaitu sebesar 61,818 kali. Ibu dengan pendidikan minimal SMA memiliki peluang 6,790 kali lebih tinggi untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu yang berpendidikan lebih rendah darl SMA, sedangkan ibu dengan usia minimal 25 tahun betpeluang 4,846 k11Il lebih besar untuk dapat memberikan ASI ekslusif dibandingkan ibu yang berusia di bawah 25 tahun. Faktor-faktor pendukung yang mempengaruhi pola pemberian ASI adalah anenatal care (ANC).

Mother's milk is baby's main food especially at the first six months of life. Indonesian government through decn1e of Health Minister of Republic Indonesia number 4SOIMenl:es/SKIIV/2004 defined exclusive breastfeeding until six months old. It was the fact that the result of Indonesian Demography: and Health Survey (SDKI) in 2002-2003 showed that some 13% of babies under two months old bail been given formula milk and one of three babies of 2-3 months old had been given additional food. This research was condueted to know the description of breastfeeding pattern at working area of Sukarame Public Health Centre of Tasikmalaya regency. Samples in the research were all mother having five -7 months old babies. The number of sample was 124 mothers. The data collected comprised that the breastfeeding pattern, mother's education, mother's knowledge and attitude, the number of children, childbirth space, plan of breastfeeding in the pregnancy period, immediate breastfeeding, antenatal care, child birth place, child birth aid, child birth method, mother's health status, mother's age, mother's job, support of husband, support of parents, support of health officer and nutrition status of baby. The study showed that respondent proportion of exclusively breastfeed was only 13,7"/o and proportion of babies with good nutrition was 94,35%. Predisposition factors that influencing exclusive breastfeeding was as follow: mother having good knowledge about exclusively breastfeed had 8 times higher possibility to exclusively breastfeed compared to the mothers not having good knowledge. Mothers having good attitude toward exclusively breastfeed bad 6,938 times higher possibility to exclusively breastfeed compared to the mothers not having good attitude. Plan of influencing exclusive breastfeeding WBS as follow: mother getting support of husband to breastfeed exclusively had 2,950 times higher possibility to exclusively breas1feed.