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Eva Lyani Amelia; Pembimbing: Nurhayati Adnan'; Penguji: Putri Bungsu, Prihandriyo Sri Hijranti
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Diabetes merupakan penyakit tidak menular dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat, termasuk di Indonesia, di mana prevalensinya mencapai 11,7% pada SKI 2023. Prediabetes sebagai kondisi awal sebelum diabetes menjadi perhatian global karena prevalensinya yang lebih tinggi dan potensi berkembang cepat menjadi diabetes tipe 2. Fenomena gaya hidup sedentari yang meluas turut memperburuk risiko ini karena berhubungan erat dengan kurangnya aktivitas fisik, faktor risiko utama diabetes dan penyakit tidak menular lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi prediabetes dan menganalisis hubungan kurang aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian prediabetes setelah dikontrol oleh variabel kovariat seperti usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, penyakit penyerta, pola konsumsi makanan, dan kebiasaan merokok. Desain studi cross sectional dari data sekunder Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Prevalensi Prediabetes pada populasi usia dewasa 18-59 tahun di Indonesia adalah 42,91% dan sebesar 39,77% terjadi pada kelompok kurang aktivitas fisik. Analisis multivariat dengan uji cox’s regression menunjukkan hampir tidak ada perbedaan risiko kejadian prediabetes pada kurang aktivitas fisik dibandingkan aktivitas fisik cukup (PR 0,96; 95% CI : 0,91 – 1,01). Tingginya prevalensi prediabetes pada kelompok usia produktif diharapkan dapat membrikan motivasi untuk meningkatkan frekuensi dan durasi aktivitas fisik minimal 150 menit per minggu serta rutin melakukan deteksi dini prediabetes
Diabetes is a non-communicable disease with a continuously increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia, where the prevalence reached 11.7% according to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Prediabetes, as a precursor condition to diabetes, has garnered global attention due to its higher prevalence and the rapid progression potential to type 2 diabetes. The widespread sedentary lifestyle phenomenon further exacerbates this risk, as it is strongly associated with insufficient physical activity, a major risk factor for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and analyze the association between insufficient physical activity and prediabetes incidence after controlling for covariates such as age, sex, education, comorbidities, dietary patterns, and smoking habits. This cross-sectional study utilizes secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The results indicate a prediabetes prevalence of 42.91% in the adult population aged 18-59 years in Indonesia, with 39.77% occurring in the insufficient physical activity group. Multivariate analysis using Cox regression showed almost no difference in prediabetes risk between the insufficient physical activity and sufficient physical activity groups (PR 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91–1.01). The high prevalence of prediabetes in the productive age group is expected to motivate increased frequency and duration of physical activity to a minimum of 150 minutes per week and regular early detection of prediabetes.
Diabetes is a non-communicable disease with a continuously increasing prevalence, including in Indonesia, where the prevalence reached 11.7% according to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Prediabetes, as a precursor condition to diabetes, has garnered global attention due to its higher prevalence and the rapid progression potential to type 2 diabetes. The widespread sedentary lifestyle phenomenon further exacerbates this risk, as it is strongly associated with insufficient physical activity, a major risk factor for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and analyze the association between insufficient physical activity and prediabetes incidence after controlling for covariates such as age, sex, education, comorbidities, dietary patterns, and smoking habits. This cross-sectional study utilizes secondary data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). The results indicate a prediabetes prevalence of 42.91% in the adult population aged 18-59 years in Indonesia, with 39.77% occurring in the insufficient physical activity group. Multivariate analysis using Cox regression showed almost no difference in prediabetes risk between the insufficient physical activity and sufficient physical activity groups (PR 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91–1.01). The high prevalence of prediabetes in the productive age group is expected to motivate increased frequency and duration of physical activity to a minimum of 150 minutes per week and regular early detection of prediabetes.
T-7409
Depok : FKM-UI, 2025
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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Fatira Ratri Audita; Pembimbing: Ede Surya Darmawan; Penguji: Anhari Achadi, Wachyu Sulistiadi, Prihandriyo Sri Hijranti, Luigi
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Pandemi COVID-19 mengganggu berbagai aspek sistem dan pelayanan kesehatan, termasuk pelayanan penyakit tidak menular (PTM). Dampak gangguan pelayanan dan penanggulangan PTM dikhawatirkan dapat mengakibatkan efek katastropik jangka panjang setelah pandemi COVID-19, dan PTM perlu menjadi masalah kesehatan prioritas dalam kebijakan kesehatan pasca-pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan teori social determinants of health, teori pengembangan kebijakan berbasis bukti, model pengembangan kebijakan sosial berbasis kebijakan sains, dan determinan dampak kebijakan terhadap luaran kesehatan. Penelitian ini melakukan penilaian dari kebijakan penanggulangan PTM dan pelayanan PTM sebelum, ketika terdampak COVID-19, dan setelah pandemi COVID-19. Temuan dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan penanggulangan PTM di Indonesia sudah mencerminkan strategi global, dengan advokasi dan kemitraan, promosi kesehatan dan penurunan faktor risiko, penguatan sistem pelayanan kesehatan, penguatan surveilans, monitoring-evaluasi, dan riset, dan menunjukkan capaian yang baik sebelum pandemi COVID-19. Ketika terdampak pandemi COVID-19, aspek pelayanan PTM yang terganggu adalah pembatasan sosial, SDM, pemberhentian layanan, ketidaksiapan infrastruktur dan fasilitas, hambatan pelaksanaan program dan tidak tercapainya target layanan maupun program. Dari dampak yang terjadi, dilakukan adaptasi dalam penanggulangan PTM saat COVID-19, antara lain dengan integrasi layanan, dan menunjukkan hasil yang baik dengan ketercapaian sasaran. Masalah yang ditemukan dalam upaya penanggulangan dan pelayanan PTM sebelum dan saat pandemi antara lain dibutuhkannya peningkatan sistem rujukan, pencatatan dan pelaporan, serta pengendalian faktor risiko PTM. Dampak dari COVID-19 juga membentuk kebijakan transformasi kesehatan Indonesia, dengan enam pilar, di antaranya berupa transformasi layanan kesehatan primer, transformasi layanan rujukan, transformasi sistem ketahanan kesehatan, transformasi pembiayaan kesehatan, transformasi SDM kesehatan, dan transformasi teknologi kesehatan. Diharapkan kebijakan penanggulangan dan pelayanan PTM pasca pandemi COVID-19 menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan prioritas yang mengikuti transformasi kesehatan.
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted various aspects of the healthcare system and services, including the management of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The potential long-term catastrophic effects of the disruption in NCD services and management post-COVID-19 pandemic are a cause for concern. NCDs need to be prioritized as a health issue in post-COVID-19 health policies. This research employs a qualitative method and utilizes the social determinants of health theory, evidence-based policy development theory, social policy-based policy development model, and determinants of policy impact on health outcomes. The study assesses NCD prevention policies and NCD services before, during the COVID-19 impact, and after the pandemic. Findings indicate that NCD prevention policies in Indonesia already reflect global strategies, including advocacy and partnerships, health promotion, and the reduction of risk factors, strengthening healthcare systems, surveillance enhancement, monitoring and evaluation, and research, showing good achievements before the COVID-19 pandemic. When affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, disrupted aspects of NCD services include social restrictions, human resources, service discontinuation, infrastructure and facility unpreparedness, program implementation barriers, and unmet service and program targets. Adaptations in NCD management during COVID-19, such as service integration, have shown positive results in achieving targets. Challenges identified in NCD prevention and services before and during the pandemic include the need for referral system improvement, recording and reporting, and the control of NCD risk factors. The impact of COVID-19 has also shaped Indonesian health transformation policies with six pillars, including the transformation of primary health services, referral services, health resilience systems, health financing, healthcare workforce, and health technology. It is hoped that NCD prevention and services policies after COVID-19 pandemic become one of the priority health issues following health transformation.
T-6860
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
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