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Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Most of the women with breast cancer visit the medical practitioner in late stadium, despite the fact that breast cancer can be detected by routinely doing breast self-examination (BSE). The purpose of the current study was to depict breast self-examination practice on undergraduate female students of Universitas Indonesia by using Health Belief Model (HBM) approach. Samples are 287 undergraduate female students of Universitas Indonesia from 12 faculties, calculated by estimating a population proportion with specified relative precision method. The results showed that 51.9% of the participants reported performing BSE, but only 3.3% that performed BSE regularly. Meanwhile, age, knowledge, perceived benefits of BSE, perceived barriers of BSE, and perceived self efficacy significantly associated to BSE practice.
Tesis ini membahas pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan imunisasi dasar di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan dengan menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2007 dan Susenas 2007. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan imunisasi dasar di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun 2007. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa waktu tempuh ke fasilitas UKBM merupakan faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan imunisasi dasar di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Tahun 2007. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa untuk meningkatkan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan imunisasi dasar diperlukan optimalisasi manajemen posyandu. Kata kunci: Imunisasi Dasar, Pelayanan Kesehatan, UKBM
The focus of this study is the utilization of basic immunization services in South Sumatera Province using secondary data Riskesdas 2007 and Susenas 2007. The purpose of this study is to know the factors relating to the utilization of basic immunization services in South Sumatera Province. This research is a quantitative research methode with cross sectional design. This study found that the access time to the Community Based Health Efforts (UKBM) facility is the dominant factor in the utilization of basic immunization services in South Sumatera Province in 2007. The researcher suggests that Posyandu management as one of the UKBM should be optimized to increase the basic immunization coverage. Key words: Basic Immunization, Health Service, Community Based Health Efforts (UKBM)
Diare pada anak di bawah lima tahun (balita) hingga saat ini masih menjadi masalah di negara-negara berkembang, demikian pula di Indonesia. Diare masih mempakan penyakit endemis yang terjadi secara tems-menenis di semua daerah, baik di perkotaan maupun di pedesaan. Survey Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia 2002 - 2003 prevalensi diare mencapai 11%. Propinsi yang menduduki prevalensi tertinggi diare pada anak balita adaiah Sulawesi Sclatan (16%) dan Jawa Barat (15%), Meskipun intervensi perubahan pengetahuan pada ibu balira cukup berhasil namun diare pada balita tctap menjadi salah satu dan tiga penyebab mama kemalian bayi. Peningkalan pengetahuan akan oralit dan penggunaannya sebcsar 92%, namun hanya 36% yang konsisten dengan pcngetahuan ilu dalam pengobatan diare (SDKI 2002 - 2003). Rendahnya persepsi akan keseriusan penyakit diare merupakan kendala dalam menckan angka kesakitan diare. Adanya toleransi yang tinggi terhadap diare disebabkan rcndahnya pcrsepsi kescriusan ibu akan diare balita_ Oleh sebab itu upaya pcrubahan persepsi ibu balita dalam meiihat penyakit diare pada anak balitanya merupakan salah satu kunci untuk mempcrbaiki intewensi. Perrnasalahannya adalah belum tereksplorasi socara intensif falctor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terbentuknya persepsi ibu balita tentang kcscriusan penyakit diare pada balita tcrsebut. Dengan desain cross sectional, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara faktor, pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita dcngan persepsi ibu balita tentang keseriusan diare. Dengan desain cross sectional, penelitian ini menguji hubungan antara faktor, pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita dcngan persepsi ibu balita tentang keseriusan diare. Populasi penclitian adalah ibu-ibu balita di Kecamatan Bekasi Utara dan diambil sampel secara random sebanyak 175 orang yang tersebar di 6 kelurahan. Penclitian berhasil membuktikan bahwa faktor pengetahuan, pengalaman kontak, dan kepercayaan berhubungan secara bermakna dengan persepsi kcseriusan akan penyakit diare pada balita. Dalam analisis multivariat (logistik ganda model faktor risiko) diketahui hubungan variabel pengetahuan dan kepercayaan dengan persepsi keseriusan tidak berinteraksi dengan variabel lain. Sedangkan pengalaman kontak berimeraksi dengan variabel pendidikan. Besaran hubungan variabel independen dengan dependen setelah dilakukan analisis regresi logistik model faktor risiko diperoleh hasil signifikan. Ibu balita berpengetahuan rendah memiliki peluang 2,5 kali untuk berpersepéi diare sebagai penyakit biasa dibandingkan ibu berpengetahuan tinggi (OR: 2,535; 95%CI: 1,321 - 4.866) setelah variabel pendidikan dikendalikan. Ibu balita. yang tidak pernah mcmiliki pengalaman kontak memiliki peluang hampir S kali untuk berpersepsi diare sebagai penyakit biasa dibandingkan ibu balita yang pernah kontak (OR: 4,76l; 95%CI: l,853 - l2,235). Ibu balita dengan kepercayaan rcndah memiiiki peluang hampir 0,5 kali umuk mempersepsikan diare sebagai pcnyakit biasa dibandingkan dengan ibu dengan kepercayaan tinggi setelah variabel jumlah balita dikendalikan (OR: 0392; 95%C1: 0,195 - O,76S). Upaya memperbaiki persepsi ibu balita tentang penyakit diare dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan program promosi kesehatan baik melalui peningkatan pengetahuan, menciptakan pengalaman dengan model simulasi, serta merasionalkan kepercayaan-kepercayaan tentang diare pada balita di masyarakat.
Diarrhea on toddlers under 5 years old currently is still a major problem in developing countries such as Indonesia. Diarrhea is still endemic in all areas, including both municipal and rural regions. Indonesian Health Demographic Survey at 2002-2003 showed that prevalence of diarrhea reached up to 11%. Provinces with the highest prevalence were South Sulawesi (I 6%) and West Java (15%). Although intervention to improve the awareness of mothers with toddler under 5 years old was quite successful, diarrhea was still one of the three major causes of infant death. Even though the improvement ofthe awareness of oralit and its usage was 92%, only 36% was consistent with that knowledge in diarrhea recovery (SDK1 2002-2003). The low perception to the seriousness of diarrhea, which leads to high tolerance of mothers towards diarrhea, is one ofthe obstacles in decreasing the diarrhea frequency. Hence, the effort to change the perception of mothers with toddlers under S years old towards diarrhea is one of the key to improve the intervention. However, factors that influence the perception of mothers towards the seriousness of diarrhea have never been exploited intensively. Using cross sectional design, this research aims to ind the relation between knowledge, contact experience, and belief about diarrhea on toddler under 5 years old with the perception of mothers towards the seriousness of diarrhea. The research population is mothers with toddlers under 5 years old in the district of Bekasi Utara, and |75 subjects are selected randomly across 6 regions (kelurahan). The research population is mothers with toddlers under 5 years old in the district of Bekasi Utara, and 175 subjects are selected randomly across 6 regions (kelurahan). This research showed that knowledge, contact experience and belief have signiticant relation with the perception towards the seriousness of diarrhea on toddler under 5 years old. Multivariate analysis (logistic regression multivariate with risk factor model) showed that relation between knowledge and belief variables to the perception do not interact with other variables, while contact experience interacts with education variable. After conducted risk factor model logistic regression analysis, the relation between independent variable and dependent variable showed significant result. Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had limited knowledge had chance 2,5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had wide knowledge (OR: 2,535; 95%CI: 1,32I) after education variable was controlled. Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had experience with diarrhea had chance almost 5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had experience (OR: 4_76l; 95%CI: 1.853 - l2.235)- Mothers with toddler under 5 years old who had low belief had chance 0.5 times to percept that diarrhea was not serious more than mothers who had high belief (OR: 0392; 95%Cl: 0.195 - 0_765) after the number of toddler under 5 years old was controlled. The effort to improve the perception of mothers with toddlers under 5 years old towards diarrhea can be conducted by improving the program to promote the health, such as enhancing the knowledge/awareness, creating contact experience by simulation model, and by rationalize belief about diarrhea within the people.
Kegiatan posyandu bertujuan memantau pertumbuhan balita dengan indikator pencapaian adalah cakupan penimbangan balita (D/S). Pencapaian D/S tahun 2011 di Kota Padang terendah pada Puskesmas Nanggalo 42,7% dan tertinggi pada Puskesmas Ambacang 96,7%. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor kader dan sarana posyandu dengan cakupan penimbangan di posyandu dua puskesmas Kota Padang tahun 2012. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional.
Hasil penelitian rata ? rata D/S tahun 2012 puskesmas 66,01 % dengan proporsi cakupan tinggi 52,4 %. Pendidikan, lama kerja, pengetahuan, pelatihan, persepsi, jumlah kader dan sarana posyandu berhubungan bermakna dengan cakupan penimbangan balita. Perlu pelatihan kader, penambahan jumlah kader dan sarana posyandu.
Posyandu activities aimed at monitoring the growth of underfive children with indicators of achievement is the scope of child's weight (D/ S). Achievement of D / S of Padang in 2011, Nanggalo 42.7% and Ambacang 96.7%. Research purposes to determine the correlation between the cadres and the facilities posyandu to coverage of weighing in posyandu Padang City in 2012. The study design was cross-sectional.
The results the average D/ S in 2012 66,01% and propostion hight coverage of weighing 52,4 %. Education, Length of work, knowledge, training, perception, number of cadres and facilities posyandu significantly associated with coverage of weighting underfive children. Need training of cadres and increasing the number of cadres and facility.
