Drug users in Indonesia are threatened by many health and social challenges of which HIV, HBV and HCV are dominant and hence the utilization of health services is vital for them. This study was aimed to determine the individual factors that influence the health service utilization among drug users in west Java (Bandung), Indonesia. We used secondary data from the National Drug Survey Indonesia 2008, with a sample size of 130 drug users. The individual determinant of health service utilization were studied in three categories, predisposing, enabling and need factors we found that living with parents, drug overdose, respiratory and miscellaneous symptoms were significantly associated with health service utilization. Those living with parents were more likely to use health services than those living with others. Those who had Digestive and Miscellaneous symptoms and did not experience drug overdose were also more likely to use health service utilization. We did not find any association among the predisposing factors and health service utilization among drug users.

ABSTRACT Objective of the study to identify Social and drug related factors associated with injecting drug use among drug users? in Jakarta. Method the design of the study was cross sectional total respondents were 135 drug users (72 IDUs and 63 None-IDUs) personal, family Social factors, and drug related factors are included in the analysis. Result Multivariate analysis showed that student are at low risk (AOR=0.09) of using injection than those who are working, also those whose family don?t know about his/her drug using habit are at low risk (AOR=0.07) of injection than those whose family member aware, and those who use tranquilizer as first drug are at higher risk (AOR=3.89) of using injection than who use marijuana. Conclusion Primary prevention activities focusing on improving social conditions, controlling black market of tranquilizers and improving family knowledge and skills to detect drug use in family as early as possible would help drug users to prevent them from indulging in injecting drug use, according to this study job, family and type of drug should be considered in the designing and planning of addicts? treatment and harm reduction activities.

Penyalahgunaan narkoba di kalangan remaja merupakan fenomena yang umum terjadi pada saat ini. Program peningkatan kecakapan hidup bagi remaja merupakan salah satu strategi untuk menyiapkan mereka menghadapi tantangan dan maupun tekanan dari lingkungan sosial mereka. Studi ini bertujuan menilai efektifitas modul Caradde’ dalam upaya pencegahan penyalahgunaan narkoba bagi pelajar di kota Makassar. Intervensi dengan pembelajaran menggunakan modul Caradde’ yang dikembangkan dengan mengadaptasi terhadap nilai lokal masyarakat Sulawesi Selatan. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan mix methodologi dengan desain eksplorasi sekuensial; pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan di awal kemudian hasilnya menjadi bahan pengembangan instrument pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi intervensi hendaknya diperhatikan dan disesuaikan dengan komponen dari perilaku yang akan di tingkatkan. Pelibatan fasilitator di luar tenaga pengajar yang ada di sekolah hendaklah memiliki kemampuan dasar dalam mengajarkan materi tentang kecakapan hidup.

Kata kunci: Narkoba, kecakapan hidup, pelajar

The effectivity of Caradde’ as a Life Skills Education on Drugs Prevention among Students in Makassar Substance abuse is a current prevalent issue among adolescents.

Life skills improvement programs for adolescents is a strategy to prepare them to face the challenges and pressures in their social life. The study aimed to develop learning methods with life skills education as a prevention on drugs abuse among students in the Makassar. The intervention utilized the Caradde’ module which adapted the local values of people in South Sulawesi. This study used a mixed methodology approach with a sequential exploratory design. The findings suggested that the frequency of the intervention should be considered and adjusted to the components of the specific behavior to be improved. Finally, the involvement of external facilitators needs to consider their teaching skills relevant to the life skills education materials.

Keywords : Drugs, life skills, students