Abstrak: Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan semakin meningkatnya jumlah pekerjainformal yang bekerja di sektor Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM),akan tetapi minimnya kegiatan penilaian risiko keselamatan dan kesehatan kerjayang dilakukan di sektor tersebut padahal pekerja infomal jarang yangdiikutsertakan progam asuransi kesehatan/kecelakaan kerja.Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko keselamatan dankesehatan kerja pada proses produksi pembuatan alas kaki di UMKM X, UMKMY, UMKM Z dan menentukan risiko tertingginya serta memberikan rekomendasitindakan pengendalian terhadap risiko yang teridentifikasi.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah semi kuantitatif dandeskriptif berdasarkan standar AS/NZS 4360:2004 dengan menggunakan metodeJob Safety Analysis untuk mengidentifikasi bahaya dan risiko dan metode Fineuntuk mengukur tingkat risiko dengan mengalikan antara kemungkinan, paparandan konsekuensi dari setiap risiko yang ada. Studi deskriptif dilakukan untukmenjelaskan tindakan pengendalian yang sudah dilakukan oleh masing-masingUMKM. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan metode PurposiveSampling, yakni semua pekerja yang berada di proses produksi pembuatan alaskaki di UMKM X, UMKM Y, UMKM Z.Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pada tahap proses produksi di UMKMX, UMKM Y, UMKM Z terdapat risiko yang termasuk ke dalam semua kategorimetode Fine, yaitu: Very High, Priority 1, Substansial, Priority 3, Acceptable.Risiko tertinggi (Very High) didapatkan dari penggunaan bahan kimia dan kabellistik yang tidak sesuai standar.
Kata kunci: UMKM, JSA, Metode Fine, kemungkinan, paparan, konsekuensi,risiko, AS/NZS 4360:2004

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Research carried out because the increment number of informal workerswho work in the sector of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), butthere is lack of activity for health and safety risk assessment done in that sectorand workers rarely covered by health or accident insurance program.The research aims to determine the level of occupational safety and health risks inthe production process of making footwear in SMEs X, SMEs Y, SMEs Z anddetermine the highest risk and provide recommendations control measures againstthe identified risks.The method used in this research is semi-quantitative and descriptive basedon the standard AS/NZS 4360:2004 using the Job Safety Analysis method toidentify hazards and risks and Fine method for measuring the level of risk bymultiplying the probability, exposure and consequences of any risks. Descriptivestudy was conducted to elucidate the control measures already carried out by eachSME. Sample was conducted by purposive sampling method, ie all workers whoare in the process of production of the footwear in SMEs X, Y SMEs, SMEs Z.The results showed that at this stage of the production process in SMEs X, YSMEs, SME Z risks are included in all categories at Fine methods, namely: VeryHigh, Priority 1, Substantial, Priority 3, Acceptable. The highest risk (Very High)obtained from the use of chemicals and electric cables that do not meet standards.
Keywords: SMEs, JSA, Fine Method, probability, exposure, consequences, risk,AS/NZS 4360:2004.

Abstrak: Penelitian analisis kadar merkuri dalam rambut dengan gangguan fungsi sistem saraf pusat bagi pekerja pertambangan emas, dilakukan untuk dapat memberikan referensi terkait dampak penggunaan merkuri dan penanggulangannya bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan menganalisis data sekunder dari Kementerian Kesehatan terhadap 119 sampel. Hasil pengukuran kadar merkuri dalam rambut pekerja, didapatkan 77,9% berada diatas normal, angka Nilai Indeks Pajanan Biologi yang dipersyarakatkan ≤ 3μg/g (ACGIH, 2005). Analisis kadar merkuri dalam rambut dengan gangguan fungsi sistem saraf pusat, secara perhitungan statistik menunjukan tidak ada hubungan signifikan, namun pekerja dengan kadar merkuri tinggi berisiko 3,12 kali,CI 95% (0,67 - 14,36) terhadap gangguan fungsi sistem saraf pusat. Analisis berbagai faktor konfounding, yaitu: Lama paparan, konsumsi sayur-buah, konsumsi ikan, penggunaan pestisida dan atau insektisida dan kebiasaan merokok, berdasarkan perhitungan statistik, hanya penggunaan pestisida secara konstan mempunyai hubungan diantara keduanya dan berisiko 3,97 kali, CI 95% (1,51 - 10,43) terhadap gangguan fungsi sistem saraf pusat. Hasil analisis multivariat, didapatkan responden dengan kadar merkuri dalam rambut tinggi, mempunyai risiko 2,82 kali lebih besar dengan CI 95% (0,595-13,379) untuk mengalami gangguan fungsi sistem saraf pusat setelah dikontrol variabel penggunaan pestisida. Pencegahan dan pengendalian dampak kesehatan akibat penggunaan merkuri perlu melibatkan berbagai pihak baik pemerintah, swasta dan masyarakat, melalui program eliminasi, subtitusi, pengendalian teknis dan administrasi.
Kata kunci: Merkuri, Gangguan Saraf, Pekerja

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Research into the analysis of mercury levels in hair with impaired central nervous system function for gold mining workers, was conducted to provide a reference to the impact of mercury use and its prevention for public health. The method in this research use cross sectional design. This research used secondary data from Ministry of Health, with 119 miners as samples. The results of the measurement of mercury in the hair of workers, obtained 77.9% above normal, Biology Exposure Index value ≤ 3μg / g (ACGIH, 2005). Analysis of mercury levels in the hair with impaired function of the central nervous system, the statistical calculation showed no significant relationship, but workers with high mercury levels risked 3.12 times, 95% CI (0.67 - 14.36) against impaired functioning of the nervous system center. Analysis of various confounding factors, namely: Length of exposure, consumption of fruits, fish consumption, pesticide and or insecticide use and smoking habits, based on statistical calculations, only the use of pesticides has a constant relationship between them and 3.97 times risk, 95% (1.51 - 10.43) against impaired functioning of the central nervous system. The result of multivariate analysis, obtained by respondent with high mercury in hair, had 2.82 times greater risk with 95% CI (0,595-13,379) for impaired function of central nervous system after controlled variable of pesticide usage. Prevention and control of health impacts due to the use of mercury should involve various parties, government, private and public, through elimination, substitution, technical and administrative control programs.
Keywords: Mercury, Neurological Disorders, Workers