Ditemukan 157 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query :: Simpan CSV
Fika Krisnawati; Pem.: Pujiyanto; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo
S-4967
Depok : FKM UI, 2007
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Naniek Isnaini Lestari; Pembimbing: Mardiati Nadjib; Penguji: Prastuti Chusnun Soewondo
Abstrak:
Read More
Pembiayaan kesehatan dalam era otonomi sangat tergantung pada komitmen daerah, khususnya pembiayaan yang bersumber dari pemerintah. Sistem pembiayaan kesehatan di daerah perlu dikembangkan agar isu pokok dalam pembiayaan kesehatan daerah, yaitu mobilisasi, alokasi dan efisiensi pembiayaan dapat terselenggara dengan baik sehingga menjamin pemerataan, mutu dan kesinambungan pembangunan kesehatan daerah. Tersedianya data pembiayaan kesehatan menjadi sangat penting dengan adanya kebijakan desentralisasi pelayanan kesehatan yang diperlukan untuk penentuan kebijakan dan strategi pembiayaan program kesehatan di daerah. Sampai saat ini belum pernah dilakukan analisis pembiayaan kesehatan bersumber pemerintah di Kabupaten Tangerang, oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui berapa besar alokasi biaya kesehatan dalam satu tahun, secara total maupun perkapita, sumber pembiayaan, bagaimana peruntukan dilihat dari jenis belanja, line item, mata anggaran dan antar program, serta diketahuinya resource gap dalam pembiayaan program prioritas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Tangerang pada Dinas Kesehatan dan instansi terkait yang menjadi Finance Intermediares pembiayaan kesehatan bersumber pemerintah. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan District Health Account (DHA). Analisis pembiayaan kesehatan menggunakan data alokasi tahun anggaran 2003, hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa total pembiayaan kesehatan bersumber pemerintah alokasi tahun anggaran 2003 adalah Rp. 80.960.838.900 dan 64.17% nya bersumber dari APBD, sedangkan pembiayaan kesehatan perkapita adalah Rp. 26.744/kapital tahun. Dilihat dari peruntukannva, balk pembiayaan di Kabupaten, Dinas Kesehatan dan RSU, proporsi belanja publik lebih besar dari belanja aparatur dan sebagian besar dialokasikan untuk belanja operasional. Proporsi belanja investasi dan pemeliharaan di Kabupaten maupun di Dinas Kesehatan hampir berimbang, sedangkan di RSU alokasi belanja pemeliharaan sangat kecil, bahkan pemeliharaan gedung dan pelatihan tidak dianggarkan. Dengan menggunakan angka estimasi Bank Dunia (biaya kesehatan Rp. 41.174/ kapital tahun) maka dibandingkan alokasi dana yang tersedia terdapat resource gap sebesar Rp. 43.683.563.300. Disamping itu dari perhitungan input cost untuk 2 program prioritas, tidak didapatkan resource gap untuk P2TB Paru dan terdapat resource gap sebesar Rp. 11.180.000 untuk penanggulangan DBD (Demam Berdarah Dengue). Namun, bila biaya personel, gaji dan investasi dimasukkan dalam perhitungan, resource gap ternyata cukup tinggi. Kesulitan dalam perhitungan resource gap adalah dalam upaya mencocokkan Komponen Biaya dari dana yang tersedia dibandingkan kebutuhan dana. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pembiayaan kesehatan perkapita bagi penduduk Tangerang dan memperkecil resource gap perlu dipertimbangkan efisiensi internal, realokasi antar unit pengguna dan program atau mobilisasi dana dengan mekanisme penyesuaian tarif pelayanan di Instansi Pemerintah dengan melihat kemampuan masyarakat membayar (ATP). Daftar Bacaan : 30 (1990 - 2003)
Analysis of The Government Expenditures for Health in Tangerang District, Fiscal Year 2003. (A District Health Account Approach)Health financing in the era of regional autonomy strongly depends on the commitment of regional governments, in particular the government resources. The regional health financing system needs to be evaluated and developed so that the main issues concerning regional health financing, such as mobilization of funds, allocation of funds, and financial efficiency, could be well implemented to ensure the equity, quality and sustainability of the region's health development. The availability of health financing data becomes very important with the decentralization of health services, to facilitate the process of policy making and strategic planning of regional health financing. The analysis of the government expenditures for Health in Tangerang District has never been analyzed before, this research is a mean to find out the budget allocation for Health in one fiscal year totally and per capita, the sources of funds, the proportion of uses of fund within health programs, uses of fund by type of expenditures and line items, and to identify the resource gaps in the financing of priority health programs. This research is carried out in the District Health Office of Tangerang District and other related institution, as finance intermediaries for government contribution for health. This study used a District Health Account approach. Analysis of health financing is carried out from the data of fiscal year 2003. Analysis shows that the total source of government health expenditure in fiscal year 2003 amounts to Rp. 80.960.838.900,- with 64.17 % originating from the regional budget of Tangerang District, whilst the per capita health expenditure is Rp. 26.744,-per capita per year. As judged by the usage of funds allocated to the District Health Office and the Regional Public Hospital, the proportion of funds used for public service exceeds that used for staff needs, with the greatest proportion of funds allocated for operational expenses. The proportion of funds for investment and maintenance in the Regional Health Service is almost equal, whilst the allocation of funds for maintenance in the Regional Public Hospital is minimal, even funds for the maintenance of buildings and training programs are not allocated. Compared to World Bank estimated figure (health expenditure should be Rp.41.174 per capita per year) there is a resource gap of Rp. 43.683.563.300 per year. Besides, from the calculation of input cost of two priority programs, there is no resource gap for the Tuberculosis Eradication Program and Rp. 11.180.000 for the Control of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Program. However, if we include the investment and salary, the resource gap will be quite high. We found difficulties in matching the line item of the fund available (DHA) and fund needed (input cost). To fulfill the total requirement of per capita health needs of the population of Tangerang District and to minimize the resource gaps, the author suggests the need to improve internal efficiency financing, inter-program reallocation of funds, the reassessment of health services costs and tariffs, and the improvement of health services quality.
T-1755
Depok : FKM-UI, 2003
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Muhammad Yusuf; Pembimbing: Jaslis Ilyas; Penguji: Prastuti Chusnun
Abstrak:
Read More
industri perumahsakitan merupakan usaha yang sangat kompleks, dinamis, padat karya, padat modal, bertehnologi tinggi dan multidisiplin yang selalu dipengaruhi perubahan Iingkungan yang cepat, maka manajemennya pun sangat kompleks. Salah satu komponen dasarnya adalah manajemen keuangan. Dengan pengelolaan keuangan yang baik akan menunjang pengembangan rumah sakit melalui peningkatan pendapatan sehingga semua biaya investasi, biaya operasional dan pemeliharaan dapat tertutupi. Salah satu sumber pendapatan yang terbesar berasal dari pasien jaminan pihak ketiga. Sayangnya tidak seluruhnya berhasil ditagih, sisanya ditagih kemudian. Karena itu manajemen piutang perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Data keuangan RS. Dr. M. Hoesin Palembang tahun 1999 - 2002 menunjukan bahwa pendapatan jaminan pihak ketiga meningkat berturut-turut dari 126,66% (2000), 140,36% (2001) dan 153,36% tahun 2002 yang diikuti naiknya piutang jaminan pihak ketiga yang lebih besar 133,90% (2000), 217,17% (2001) menjadi 169,79% tahun 2002. Disamping itu, terdapat saldo piutang yang berumur lebih dan 90 hari per 31 Desember 2002 sebesar 52,30% dan total piutang yang berasal dan perusahaaan. Sekitar 35% dari pendapatan rumah sakit berasal dan pendapatan jaminan pihak ketiga. Dengan ditingkatkannya status rumah sakit menjadi rumah sakit Perjan pada tahun 2002, maka semakin penting untukmenganaiisis piutang jaminan pihak ketiga di RS. Dr. M.Hoesin (RSMH) Palembang tahun 2001 Penelitian ini dilakukan di RS. Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang dari bulan April sampai Mei 2003, bertujuan untuk upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan efektifitas manajemen piutang di RSMH Palembang. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam. pengamatan terhadap proses yang sedang berjalan dan kajian dokumen. Dari hasil peneltian disimpulkan bahwa penyebab tingginya piutang karena belum diterapkannya sanksi kepada debitur yang telat membayar, kurang selektifnya pemberian piutang, kurangnya dana penagihan, kurang tegasnya protap penagihan, kurang akuratnya pembebanan biaya dan terlambatnya pembuatan surat tagihan..ladi pembayaran debitur perbulan masih rendah yaitu 41, 02%. Disamping itu saldo piutang per 31 Desember 2002 yang berumur lebih 90 hari sebesar 52,30% yang berasal dari debitur perusahaan. Saran yang diusulkan untuk meningkatkan efektifitas manajemen piutang yaitu menerapkan sanksi lebih tegas kepada debitur yang telat bayar, mempertegas protap penagihan piutang dan membuat protap penutupan rekening, meningkatkan peran Tim verifikasi, pelimpahan wewenang dan menyediakan anggaran yang cukup untuk penagihan serta membentuk Tim Khusus untuk menangani piutang yang macet.
Hospitals industry is an enterprise and complex, dynamic, intensive capital investment and requires intensive of labor and multidiscipline. In addition, it is influenced by environment change rapidly. It requires a highly complex management. Financial management is an essential component of hospital management The properly finance management will significantly contribute income for the hospital. This increase will in turn recovers the operational and maintenance and investment cost. One of the biggest of becoming is patient of third party. Unfortunately, not all of transaction paid in cash and remaining of payment is collected later. So, the management of account receivable is very important to handle specifically. The financial data of RS. Dr. M. Hoesin Palembang for period 1999 - 2002, it is showed that income of the third party increased 126,66% (2000), 140,36% (2001) to 153,36% in year 2002, it is more than followed account receivable of the third party 133,90% (2000), 217,17% (2001) to 167,79% in year 2002. About 35% hospital revenues derived from revenue of the third paty. With on becoming Perjan status, it is necessary account receivable of the third party analysis on year 2002. This study used in depth interview, direct observation, and investigated of the document on effectiveness of the management account receivable in RS. Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang during April - May 2002. The design of study is qualitative approach. The research finding causes of the high account receivable was not be applied the sanction yet for the third party pay too late, the giving of the account recievable is not selective, the collection budget is not enough, The standard operational procedure is not clear, The billing record is not accurate, The making of claim letter is very long, So the total received payment of debitor is still low is 41,02%. Beside there were account receivable which had been more than 90 days, about 52,30% of total account receivable per December 31, 2002 derived from the firm debitor. As suggestion to effectiveness of the management of account receivable are; the aplication of sanction agree with credit policies, making more clear SOP of collecting and making SOP of Write off, The role of Verification Team increased, the delegation of authority and the budgeting of collecting is sufficient and making of specifically Team to handle bad debt. References: 20 ( 1981 - 2002)
T-1655
Depok : FKM-UI, 2003
S2 - Tesis Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Gabriela Bianca; Pembimbing: Kurnia Sari; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo, Purnawan Junadi
Abstrak:
Penggunaan aplikasi pelacakan kontak merupakan salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi pandemi global COVID-19 dengan angka kasus yang terus meningkat. Aplikasi pelacakan kontak yang digunakan di Indonesia adalah PeduliLindungi yang menjadi salah satu syarat untuk mengakses area publik, dimana pada awalnya diberlakukan pada wilayah Jawa-Bali. Namun, dalam penggunaannya masih ditemukan tantangan yang memengaruhi mutu layanan elektronik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi pengguna terhadap mutu layanan aplikasi PeduliLindungi berdasarkan dimensi E-Servqual. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan desain cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan persepsi pengguna terhadap mutu aplikasi PeduliLindungi sudah baik dengan penilaian yang positif pada dimensi-dimensi mutu layanan aplikasi PeduliLindungi. Dimensi yang memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap persepsi pengguna terhadap mutu aplikasi PeduliLindungi (ESQ) adalah dimensi pengalaman pengguna (EXP) dan kepercayaan pengguna (TRU). Sedangkan dimensi reliabilitas (REL), ketanggapan (RES), kemudahan penggunaan (EOU), privasi (PRI), ketersediaan sistem (SA), desain aplikasi (WD), serta kualitas informasi (IQ) tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap persepsi pengguna terhadap mutu aplikasi PeduliLindungi (ESQ). Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah dengan meningkatkan dan memperbaiki fungsi sistem dan teknis serta meningkatkan keamanan terhadap data pengguna.
The use of contact tracing application is one of the efforts made to overcome the global COVID-19 pandemic with the continued rapid increase in the number of cases. PeduliLindungi is contact tracing application that used in Indonesia which is one of the conditions for accessing public areas, which was initially applied to the Java-Bali area. However, in its use there are still challenges that effect the quality of PeduliLindungi electronic services. This study aims to analyze user perceptions of the service quality of the PeduliLindungi based on the E-Servqual dimensions. Observational with a quantitative approach using a cross sectional design is used as method in this study. The result showed that the user?s overall perception of the quality of PeduliLindungi was good with positive assessment of the service quality dimensions of the PeduliLindungi application. The dimensions that have significant relationship to user perceptions of the PeduliLindungi quality (ESQ) are user experience (EXP) and user trust (TRU). While the dimensions of reliability (REL), responsiveness (RES), ease of use (EOU), privacy (PRI), system availability (SA), application design (WD), and information quality (IQ) did not have significant relationship to user perceptions on the the quality of PeduliLindungi (ESQ). Recommendation that can be given are to improve the system and technical functions and increase the security of user data.
Read More
The use of contact tracing application is one of the efforts made to overcome the global COVID-19 pandemic with the continued rapid increase in the number of cases. PeduliLindungi is contact tracing application that used in Indonesia which is one of the conditions for accessing public areas, which was initially applied to the Java-Bali area. However, in its use there are still challenges that effect the quality of PeduliLindungi electronic services. This study aims to analyze user perceptions of the service quality of the PeduliLindungi based on the E-Servqual dimensions. Observational with a quantitative approach using a cross sectional design is used as method in this study. The result showed that the user?s overall perception of the quality of PeduliLindungi was good with positive assessment of the service quality dimensions of the PeduliLindungi application. The dimensions that have significant relationship to user perceptions of the PeduliLindungi quality (ESQ) are user experience (EXP) and user trust (TRU). While the dimensions of reliability (REL), responsiveness (RES), ease of use (EOU), privacy (PRI), system availability (SA), application design (WD), and information quality (IQ) did not have significant relationship to user perceptions on the the quality of PeduliLindungi (ESQ). Recommendation that can be given are to improve the system and technical functions and increase the security of user data.
S-11057
Depok : FKMUI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Fikri Prakoso; Pembimbing: Helen Andriani; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo, Purnawan Junadi
Abstrak:
Dunia sedang dilanda pandemi virus COVID-19. Pemerintah di berbagai negara menetapkan protokol pembatasan untuk menghambat penyebaran virus COVID-19. Protokol tersebut membatasi akses ke pelayanan kesehatan, sistem pelayanan tatap muka di minimalisir. Hal tersebut memberikan dampak pada anak dengan autisme. Menurut Kaplan, pada anak dengan autisme gejala inti tidak bisa diobati dengan obat medis, akan tetapi dengan edukasi dan intervensi perilaku. Akan tetapi, sebelum pandemi, edukasi dan intervensi umumnya dilaksanakan dengan sistem tatap muka. Solusi dari masalah tersebut adalah penggunaan layanan kesehatan jarak jauh atau telehealth. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yang membahas bagaimana penggunaan telehealth-telemedicine untuk intervensi pada kasus anak dengan autisme di masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review dengan menggunakan database Pubmed, Proquest, Sage Journal, dan Portal Garuda yang menghasilkan 9 artikel terinklusi. Penelitian terinklusi dilaksanakan pada rentang waktu dinyatakannya COVID-19 sebagai pandemi, yaitu tanggal 11 Maret 2020 hingga 1 Mei 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intervensi menghasilkan dampak pada anak dengan autisme berupa pengurangan perilaku yang ditargetkan, dan meningkatnya keterampilan. Selain itu pada cargeiver dijumpai peningkatan kepuasan dan persepsi mengenai pelayanan telehealth. Bagi penyedia layanan telehealth, dijumpai artikel yang menjelaskan tentang persepsi mengenai layanan telehealth tersebut. Berdasarkan temuan yang didapat, pelayanan telehealth di rekomendasikan bagi anak dengan autisme, para caregiver baik orang tua ataupun bukan, penyedia jasa layanan juga di rekomendasikan jika ingin menyelenggarakan layanan telehealth berdasarkan temuan berupa tingkat kepuasan dan perkembangan yang muncul setelah intervensi. Sedangkan bagi pemerintah diharapkan mengembangkan kebijakan dan program terkait dengan telehealth terutama di masa pandemi, sehingga masyarakat yang membutuhkan tetap mendapat pelayanan yang dibutuhkan.
The world is being hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Governments in various countries set protocols for the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The protocol limits access to health services, the face-to-face service system is minimized. This has an impact on children with autism. According to Kaplan, children with autism symptoms cannot be treated with medical drugs, but with education and behavioral interventions. However, before the pandemic, education and intervention were generally carried out face-to-face. The solution to this problem is the use of remote health services or telehealth. This study is a study that discusses how telehealth is used for intervention in cases of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a literature review method using the Pubmed, Proquest, Sage Journal, and Garuda Portal databases which produces 9 included articles. Inclusive research was carried out during the time period that COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, namely March 11, 2020 to May 1, 2022. The results showed that the intervention had an impact on children with autism in the form of a reduction in targeted behavior and skills. In addition to the carrier, increased satisfaction and perception of telehealth services. For telehealth service providers, article explain the perception of the telehealth service. Based on the findings obtained, telehealth services are recommended for children with autism, caregivers, whether parents or not. Service providers are also recommended if they want to provide telehealth services based on the findings about the level of satisfaction and development that appears after the intervention. Meanwhile, the government is expected to develop policies and programs related to telehealth, especially during the pandemic, so that people in need can still receive the services they need.
Read More
The world is being hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. Governments in various countries set protocols for the spread of the COVID-19 virus. The protocol limits access to health services, the face-to-face service system is minimized. This has an impact on children with autism. According to Kaplan, children with autism symptoms cannot be treated with medical drugs, but with education and behavioral interventions. However, before the pandemic, education and intervention were generally carried out face-to-face. The solution to this problem is the use of remote health services or telehealth. This study is a study that discusses how telehealth is used for intervention in cases of children with autism during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a literature review method using the Pubmed, Proquest, Sage Journal, and Garuda Portal databases which produces 9 included articles. Inclusive research was carried out during the time period that COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, namely March 11, 2020 to May 1, 2022. The results showed that the intervention had an impact on children with autism in the form of a reduction in targeted behavior and skills. In addition to the carrier, increased satisfaction and perception of telehealth services. For telehealth service providers, article explain the perception of the telehealth service. Based on the findings obtained, telehealth services are recommended for children with autism, caregivers, whether parents or not. Service providers are also recommended if they want to provide telehealth services based on the findings about the level of satisfaction and development that appears after the intervention. Meanwhile, the government is expected to develop policies and programs related to telehealth, especially during the pandemic, so that people in need can still receive the services they need.
S-11131
Depok : FKM-UI, 2022
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Ahmad Yasin Alfaridh; Pembimbing: Masyitoh; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo, Agus Rahmanto
Abstrak:
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui secara spesifik hubungan antara komitmen organisasi pada kinerja perawat terhadap kejadian tidak diharapkan di rumah sakit. Pertanyaan penelitian dijawab dengan studi literature review dan sintesis data dilakukan secara naratif. Pencarian studi pustaka menggunakan basis data daring Scopus, Pubmed, ProQuest, dan Google Scholar antara 2010 hingga 2020 kemudian dilakukan review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara komitmen organisasi dengan kejadian tidak diharapkan di rumah sakit.
Read More
S-10580
Depok : FKM UI, 2021
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Rafyanka Cinta Arizaputri; Pembimbing: Dumilah Ayuningtyas; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo, Anwar Fachry
Abstrak:
Read More
Latar Belakang: Pertumbuhan populasi lansia di Indonesia diiringi oleh peningkatan prevalensi penyakit tidak menular (PTM) seperti jantung, kanker, dan stroke, yang dapat memengaruhi kemampuan lansia dalam menjalankan Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Status ADL yang rendah berdampak pada kualitas hidup individu dan meningkatkan beban kesehatan nasional. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara PTM (jantung, kanker, stroke) dan status ADL pada lansia di Indonesia, serta mengevaluasi pengaruh faktor sosiodemografi (umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status ekonomi, lokasi tempat tinggal) terhadap hubungan tersebut. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analisis data sekunder dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, berdasarkan data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan regresi logistik multinomial untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara PTM dan status ADL, dengan mempertimbangkan variabel sosiodemografi. Hasil: Analisis menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara PTM dengan ketergantungan ADL pada lansia. Stroke memiliki pengaruh terbesar terhadap ketergantungan ADL (OR = 35,9; CI 35,520–36,199; p < 0,000), diikuti oleh kanker dan penyakit jantung. Faktor sosiodemografi seperti usia lanjut, pendidikan rendah, dan status ekonomi rendah juga meningkatkan risiko ketergantungan ADL secara signifikan. Kesimpulan: PTM, terutama stroke, merupakan faktor risiko utama ketergantungan ADL pada lansia di Indonesia. Diperlukan intervensi kesehatan yang terfokus pada pencegahan dan pengelolaan PTM, serta kebijakan yang memperhatikan faktor sosiodemografi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia.
Kata kunci: Penyakit Tidak Menular, Activities of Daily Living, Lansia.
Background: The growing elderly population in Indonesia is accompanied by an increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, cancer, and stroke, which can impact the ability of older adults to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Low ADL status adversely affects individuals' quality of life and places a significant burden on the national healthcare system. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between NCDs (heart disease, cancer, stroke) and ADL status among the elderly in Indonesia, while also evaluating the influence of sociodemographic factors (age, gender, education, economic status, and place of residence) on this relationship. Methods: This study employs a secondary data analysis design with a cross-sectional approach, utilizing data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (SKI). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between NCDs and ADL status, considering sociodemographic variables. Results: The analysis revealed a significant relationship between NCDs and ADL dependence among the elderly. Stroke was identified as having the strongest impact on ADL dependence (OR = 35.9; CI 35.520–36.199; p < 0.000), followed by cancer and heart disease. Sociodemographic factors, such as advanced age, low educational attainment, and low economic status, were also significantly associated with higher risks of ADL dependence. Conclusion: NCDs, particularly stroke, are major risk factors for ADL dependence among the elderly in Indonesia. Focused health interventions targeting the prevention and management of NCDs, along with policies that address sociodemographic disparities, are essential to improving the quality of life for the elderly. Keywords: Non-communicable diseases, Activities of Daily Living, Elderly.
S-11840
Depok : FKM UI, 2025
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Alphin Nilam Sari; Pembimbing: Amal Chalik Sjaaf; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo, Harimat Hendrawan
Abstrak:
Read More
Berdasarkan laporan pemantauan global WHO pada tahun 2023 mengenai pelacakan cakupan kesehatan universal yang diluncurkan pada tanggal 18 September 2023 oleh WHO dan Bank Dunia, menunjukkan bahwa 400 juta orang tidak memiliki akses terhadap pelayanan kesehatan dasar, dan 40% penduduk dunia tidak memiliki akses terhadap jaminan sosial serta 4,5 miliar orang tidak sepenuhnya tercakup dalam layanan kesehatan penting pada tahun 2021, dan 2 miliar orang mengalami bencana belanja kesehatan akibat pengeluaran yang dikeluarkan sendiri untuk kesehatan atau out of pocket. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) berarti bahwa semua orang menerima layanan kesehatan berkualitas yang mereka perlukan tanpa mengalami kesulitan keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran implementasi kebijakan Universal Health Coverage (UHC) dalam meningkatkan kesehatan di berbagai negara dengan metode Literature review yang menganalisis 8 artikel terinklusi dari 350 artikel pada empat online database (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Springer Link). Penelitian ini menekankan kerangka kerja sistem kesehatan WHO yang dikenal dengan Six Building Blocks yang terdiri dari enam pilar meliputi aspekaspek pelayanan kesehatan, tenaga kesehatan, sistem informasi kesehatan, akses terhadap layanan kesehatan, obat-obatan, pembiayaan kesehatan, dan kepemimpinan atau tata Kelola. Implementasi Universal Health Coverage (UHC) di dunia saat ini menunjukkan perkembangan yang signifikan, meskipun masih menghadapi sejumlah tantangan yang bervariasi dari setiap negara yang disebabkan perbedaan karakteristik penduduk, pemasukan negara, ekonomi dan geografis.
According to WHO's 2023 global monitoring report on tracking universal health coverage launched on September 18, 2023 by WHO and the World Bank, 400 million people do not have access to basic health services, 40% of the world's population does not have access to social security, 4.5 billion people are not fully covered by essential health services by 2021, and 2 billion people experience health spending disasters due to out of pocket health expenditures. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) means that all people receive the quality health services they need without experiencing financial hardship. This study aims to describe the implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) policies in improving health in various countries using the Literature review method which analyzed 8 articles included from 350 articles in four online databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Springer Link). This study emphasizes the WHO health system framework known as the Six Building Blocks which consists of six pillars including aspects of health services, health workers, health information systems, access to health services, medicines, health financing, and leadership or governance. The implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in the world is currently showing significant progress, although it still faces a number of challenges.
S-11800
Depok : FKM UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Asti Annisa Utami; Pembimbing: Kurnia Sari; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo, Feby Oldfisra
Abstrak:
Read More
Upaya mencapai Universal Health Coverage (UHC) dengan memprioritaskan layanan kesehatan primer (PHC) sudah disepakati melalui Deklarasi Astana Tahun 2018. Identifikasi tantangan dalam sistem pendanaan PHC secara global dilakukan agar menjadi lessons learned untuk perbaikan implementasi kedepan, khususnya bagi Indonesia, sebagai masukan bagi Transformasi Kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode scoping review melalui tiga database, yaitu Pubmed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, dan Scopus, dengan total 43 literatur terinklusi. Tantangan pendanaan PHC ditinjau melalui tiga fungsi, yaitu revenue collection, pooling, dan purchasing. Tantangan dalam revenue collection antara lain sumber pendanaan yang tidak berkelanjutan dan minimnya akuntabilitas proses pengumpulan dana. Tantangan fungsi pooling meliputi terbatasnya cakupan peserta dalam pooling, banyaknya pooling dan tidak tersedianya regulasi yang mengatur beragam pooling untuk pendanaan satu program yang sama, lebih diutamakannya pendanaan layanan rujukan dibandingkan PHC, dan belum dilakukannya pengalokasian anggaran yang disesuaikan dengan risiko dan kebutuhan. Sementara itu, tantangan fungsi purchasing meliputi paket manfaat yang belum sesuai dengan kebutuhan, beban administratif yang besar untuk purchasing, tata kelola provider dan purchaser yang tidak akuntabel, serta besarnya intervensi politik terhadap keputusan purchaser dalam penentuan paket manfaat. Tantangan pendanaan PHC merupakan suatu satu kesatuan sistem pendanaan, sehingga tantangan yang terjadi di fungsi yang satu akan memengaruhi atau memicu munculnya tantangan di fungsi lainnya. Lessons learned untuk Transformasi Kesehatan Indonesia bahwa penghapusan skema alokasi earmarking perlu diikuti implementasi RIBK yang akuntabel. Indonesia sudah memiliki komitmen politik berupa berbagai regulasi untuk mencapai UHC melalui PHC, tetapi masih perlu memperhatikan dukungan SDM dan infrastruktur lainnya agar regulasi bisa dijalankan di tingkat layanan primer. Selain itu, trade-off antara cakupan penduduk dan cakupan layanan paket manfaat perlu diputuskan dengan berbagai pendekatan yang menjunjung nilai value for money dan tetap mengutamakan investasi ke layanan kesehatan primer.
Efforts to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by prioritizing primary health care (PHC) have been agreed upon through the 2018 Astana Declaration. Identification of challenges in the PHC financing system globally was carried out to become lessons learned for future implementation improvements, especially for Indonesia, as input for Health Transformation. This study used a scoping review method through three databases, namely Pubmed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, and Scopus, with a total of 43 included literature. PHC financing challenges were reviewed through three functions, namely revenue collection, pooling, and purchasing. Challenges in revenue collection include unsustainable financing sources and lack of accountability in the fund collection process. Challenges in the pooling function include the limited coverage of participants in the pool, the large number of pools and the unavailability of regulations governing various pools for financing the same program, the prioritization of financing referral services over PHC, and the lack of budget allocation tailored to risk and needs. Meanwhile, the challenges of the purchasing function include benefit packages that are not in accordance with the needs, a large administrative burden for purchasing, unaccountable governance of providers and purchasers, and a large amount of political intervention in purchaser decisions in determining benefit packages. PHC financing challenges are a unified financing system, so challenges that occur in one function will affect or trigger challenges in other functions. Lessons learned for Indonesia's Health Transformation is that the elimination of the earmarking allocation scheme needs to be followed by the implementation of an accountable RIBK. Indonesia already has the political commitment in the form of various regulations to achieve UHC through PHC. Still, it needs to pay attention to HR support and other infrastructure so that regulations can be implemented at the primary care level. In addition, the trade-off between population coverage and benefit package service coverage needs to be decided with various approaches that uphold value for money and still prioritize investment in primary health services.
S-11667
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉
Nola Radhiah Kusumawati; Pembimbing: Budi Hidayat; Penguji: Prastuti Soewondo, : Laksmi Damaryanti
Abstrak:
Read More
Penelitian ini membahas faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi kualitas aplikasi mobile JKN pada peserta JKN yang berkunjung ke BPJS Kesehatan Kantor Cabang Cibinong tahun 2024. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional menggunakan data primer melalui kuesioner dengan 102 responden. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan peserta aplikasi Mobile JKN yang berkunjung ke BPJS Kesehatan Kantor Cabang Cibinong mengatakan bahwa kualitas aplikasi Mobile JKN baik dengan persentase (77.5%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat tujuh variabel yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan persepsi kualitas aplikasi Mobile JKN pada peserta JKN yang berkunjung ke BPJS Kesehatan Kantor Cabang Cibinong yaitu variabel sikap, motivasi, kebutuhan, pengetahuan, tampilan aplikasi, keunikan dan promosi. Selain itu terdapat satu variabel yang tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan persepsi kualitas aplikasi Mobile JKN pada peserta yang berkunjung ke BPJS Kesehatan Kantor Cabang Cibinong yaitu variabel pengalaman. Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah sosialisasi untuk mempromosikan Mobile JKN secara merata dan terus mengembangkan serta memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi agar aplikasi Mobile JKN selalu update, banyak fitur-fitur yang dapat mempermudah akses peserta JKN di semua segmen kepesertaannya.
This study discusses factors related to the perceived quality of the JKN mobile application among JKN participants visiting the BPJS Kesehatan Cibinong Branch Office in 2024. This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design using primary data through questionnaires with 102 respondents. The results of this study showed that participants of the Mobile JKN application who visited the BPJS Kesehatan Cibinong Branch said that the quality of the Mobile JKN application was good with a percentage of (77.5%). Bivariate analysis shows that there are seven variables that have a significant relationship with the perception of the quality of the Mobile JKN application among JKN participants who visit the BPJS Kesehatan Cibinong Branch, namely the variables of attitude, motivation, needs, knowledge, appearance of the application, uniqueness and promotion. Apart from that, there is one variable that does not have a significant relationship with the perception of the quality of the Mobile JKN application among participants who visit the BPJS Kesehatan Cibinong Branch, namely the experience variable. Suggestions that can be given are outreach to promote Mobile JKN evenly and continue to develop and utilize technological advances so that the Mobile JKN application is always updated, there are many features that can facilitate access for JKN participants in all membership segments.
S-11654
Depok : FKM-UI, 2024
S1 - Skripsi Pusat Informasi Kesehatan Masyarakat
☉