Penyakit kusta merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia, karena dapat menyebabkan kecacatan. Pada tahun 2001 Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam mempunyai prevalensi kusta 1,8110.000 penduduk, dengan jumlah penderita terdaftar sebanyak 704 penderita yang meliputi tipe Pausibasiler (P13) berjumlah 135 penderita dan tipe Multibasiler (MB) berjumlah 569 penderita, dengan carat tingkat II 12,0%. Kecacatan kusta merupakan problem besar dan serius terhadap ekonomi, sosial dan mempunyai konsekuensi terhadap psikologis penderita dan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kecacatan pada penderita kusta. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 528 orang yang tersebar di sembilan Kabupaten/Kota yang belum mencapai eliminasi (PR > 1110,000), sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah penderita yang mempunyai kartu dan mendapat pengobatan Multi Drug Therapy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian cacat tingkat II sebesar 28.4%, umur yang banyak dijumpai diatas 14 tahun yaitu sebesar 93.4% dan untuk tipe penyakit banyak dijumpai tipe MB sebesar 82.6%. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat didapatkan variabel yang berhubungan dengan kejadian kecacatan adaiah kelompok umur dengan OR=4.981 (95% Cl 1.132-21.919), lama sakit dengan OR-3.211 (95% CI 1.954 -5.275), status imunisasi BCG dengan OR-2.046 (95% CI I.128-3.710), tipe penyakit dengan OR-1992 (95% CI 1.1.070-3.707) dan riwayat keteraturan berobat dengan OR=2.595 (95% CI I.295-5.202). Dengan hasil penelitian ini disarankan kepada Puskesmas/petugas agar lebih meningkatkan pada penemuan penderita, pendekatan khusus terhadap tipe MB dengan cacat tingkat I dan II, dapat memotivasi penderita untuk minum obat teratur dan menjelaskan akibat yang ditimbulkan bila tidak berobat teratur. Bagi pengelola program imunisasi untuk meningkatkan cakupannya. Untuk bidang pendidikan guru perlu diberikan pengetahuan tentang kusta dan pencegahan cacat bagi guru UKS sebagai penanggungjawab disekolah. Diharapkan ada penelitian lanjutan dengan rancangan yang berbeda.

Leprosy is considered a health problems in Indonesia, because it could result to physical handicap. In 2001 in the province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, the prevalence of leprosy was 1,8110.000 population. The registered victim numbers were 704 people. They included Pausibasiler (PB), which were 135 sufferers, Multibasiler (MB) were 569 sufferers, with level II of physically handicapped was 12.0%. Physical defect due to leprosy was a main and serious problem to the economic, social, and has consequency to the sufferers' physichology and their family. This research aimed to know factors related to physical defect in the leprosy sufferer in the province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam. The research design used was cross sectional where the number of samples were 528 people that spread in nine districts/cities that didn't reach elimination (PR > 1110.000), samples were the victims that had card and received treatment of Multi Drug Therapy. The result of the study showed that the second degree handicap is 28.4%. The average age of the sufferer was 14 as much 93.4%. The most types of the disease found were MB as much 82.6%. The result of multivariate analysis showed that the variables related to the physical defect were: age group with OR=4.981 (95% CI 1,132-21.919), sickness period with OR=3.211 (95% CI 1.954-5.275), BCG immunization status with OR=2.045 (95% CI 1.128-3.710), type of disease with OR=1.9992 (95% CI 1.1.070-3.707) and history of regular medicine taking with OR-2.595 (955 CI 1.295-5.202). According to the result of the study, it is suggested to Public Health Centers/Personnel to increase the findings of sufferers, to make special approach to MB category with level of physically handicap of level I and II, to motivate sufferers to take medicine regularly and explain the effects due to medicine irregular having. To the coordinator of immunization, it is to increase the coverage of immunization. It is necessary to provide knowledge about leprosy and physically handicap for the teacher of health school efforts (UKS) as the health coordinator at schools. It is expected to carry out further studies in the same topic with different designs.