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Jumlah penderita TBC paru dari tahun ke tahun di Indonesia terus meningkat. Beberapa keadaan diduga merupakan faktor yang memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatnya infeksi TBC pada saat ini, antara memburuknya kondisi sosial ekonorni, belum optimalnya fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat, meningkatnya jumlah penduduk yang tidak mempunyai tempat tinggal, meningkatnya infeksi HIV, daya tahan tubuh yang lemah/menurun, virulensi dan jumlah kuman yang meningkat. (Kardiana, 2007). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran mutu pelayanan program TB di Puskesmas terhadap tingkat keberhasilan program TB di Kabupaten Ciamis tahun 2007. Desain penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam terhadap petugas yang berkaitan langsung dengan program, diskusi kelompok terarah dengan masyarakat pengguna pelayanan dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pada kelompok Puskesmas yang berhasil dalam peneapaian program penanggulangan TB, pelak.sanaan kegiatan melibatkan seluruh petugas dan sumber daya yang ada di Puskesmas. Sedangkan pada kelompok Puskesmas yang belurn berhasil dalam pencapaian program penangguIangan TB, belum terjalin kerja sama baik lintas program .dan lintas sektor serta belum adanya kepedulian dari seluruh staf Puskesmas terhadap program. Saran yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah adanya kepedulian petugas dan karyawan Puskesmas terhadap program, peran aktif dokter terhadap program, peningkatan frekuensi penyuluhan dan sosialisasi program di lintas sektor, pemberian pelayanan yang bermutu sesuai standar dengan mengutamakan kepuasaxi pasien sebagai pelanggan ekstemal dalam pelayanan kesehatan, adanya pembinaan dan pertemuan rutin dari Dinas Kesehatan pengahargaan terhadap prestasi kerja.
Amount of TBC paru patient from year to year in Indonesia increasing. Some situation anticipated to represent factor playing a part important in the increasing of TBC infection at the moment, for example: deteriorating it condition of social economic, not yet is optimal of service facility of health society, the increasing of amount of resident which don't have residence, the increasing of HIV infection, weak body endurance/ downhill, germ amount and virulence which mounting. (Kardiana, 2007). This research aim to to know picture quality of TB program service in Puskesmas to level efficacy of TB program in Sub-Province Ciamis year 2007. Research Design is qualitative by conducting interview to direct interconnected officer with program, directional group discussion with service consumer society and document study. Research place conducted by in four Self-Supporting Puskesmas Executor (PPM) in TB program with selection of research place in two a success Puskesrnas in attainment of Puskesmas and program which not yet succeeded in attainment of program. Result of research show of a success Puskesmas group in attainment of TB overcome program, activity execution entangle entire resource and officer exist in Puskesmas, existence the same of activity pass by quickly program and pass by quickly good sector. While at Puskesmas group which not yet succeeded in attainment of TB overcome program not yet intertwined the same of activity the goodness pass by quickly program and pass by quickly sector. Recommendation in this research the existence of officer caring and Puskesmas employees to program, active the role of doctor on the program, the improving make-up of counseling frequency pass by quickly sector socialization, giving of certifiable service according to standard by majoring satisfaction of patient as the external client in health service, existence of routine meeting and construction from Public Health Service appreciation and reward to the achievement activity.
Background: Globally, stroke is the highest cause of death due to NCD and a high cause of life-adjusted disability (DALYs). Stroke causes premature death of productive age. The largest population in Indonesia is in the west java province and is mainly dominated by the productive age group. Objective: This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of stroke in the population of productive age (15-64 years) in West Java. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design with univariate and bivariate analysis. The sample of this research was 46,440 residents aged 15-64 years in West Java based on Riskesdas 2018 data as secondary data. Results: The prevalence of stroke at productive age in West Java is 0.8%. The results of the analysis of the dependent and independent variables show a relationship between age (POR=6.48 95%CI; 5.31 ? 7.91), hypertension (POR=5.93 95%CI; 4.84 ? 7.27), diabetes mellitus based on doctor's diagnosis (POR=8.81 95%CI;6.53 ? 11.89), body mass index (POR=1.52 95%CI;1.25 ? 1.85), abdominal obesity (POR= 2.24 95%CI;1.84 ? 2.73), former smoker (POR=3.28 95%CI;2.46 ? 4.37) and smoking behaviour (POR=0.73 95%CI;0 .57 ? 0.92) with the incidence of stroke and each has a p-value> 0.05. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, central obesity, and former smoking with the incidence of stroke. While smoking behaviour has a protective relationship to the incidence of stroke.
Background: Indonesia is a country with the second highest tuberculosis burden in the world after India with an estimated morbidity of 969,000 and mortality reaching 144,000 people in 2021. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral factors, and home environmental factors on incidence pulmonary tuberculosis in population aged ≥15 years in Indonesia. Methods: The method used in this study was cross-sectional. Results: The variables found to be associated with the incidence of pulmonary TB were age (OR = 2.107, 95% CI = 1.919-2.314), gender (OR = 1.469, 95% CI = 1.371-1.575), marital status (OR = 1.206, 95 % CI = 1.117-1.303), education level (OR = 1.795, 95% CI = 1.655-1.946), smoking history (OR = 1.194, 95% CI = 1.113-1.281), habit of opening windows (OR = 1.160, 95 % CI = 1.080-1.246), ventilation conditions (OR = 1.266, 95% CI = 1.178-1.360), lighting conditions (OR = 1.330, 95% CI = 1.241-1.426), number of household members (OR = 1.131, 95 % CI = 1.044-1.221), and area of residence (OR = 1.213, 95% CI = 1.130-1.301). History of alcohol consumption was found to be a protective factor. Conclusion: There is a relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral factors, and home environment factors with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in people aged ≥15 years in Indonesia.
Name : Ratu Laras Ati Alya Study Program: Public Health Science Title : Factors Associated with Unintended Pregnancy in Women of Childbearing Age in Indonesia 2017 Advisor : dr. Syahrizal Syarif MPH, Ph.D There are approximately 121 million unintended pregnancies globally from 2015 to 2019. Those high numbers show that unplanned pregnancy is still a significant public health problem, especially when half of all unintended pregnancies ended up in abortion. Unwanted pregnancy also brings other negative effects aside from the health aspect, such as social and financial problems. Women who are experiencing unintended pregnancy tend to neglect their, and the fetus’ health such as missing antenatal care, which risks higher pregnancy complications that can lead to maternal death. Maternal and Neonatal Death Rate is one of the indicators for the 3rd SDGs. Contraception is the key to preventing unplanned or unintended pregnancy. It is important to find out what are the factors contributing to Unintended Pregnancies so that we have the correct information that would be considered for making an effective preventative public health policy and health laws. This study aims to recognize the factors related to unintended pregnancy, in hopes that by knowing the risk factors, unintended pregnancy can be prevented. This study was conducted using cross-sectional studies and uses Indonesian DHS 2017 Secondary Data, the sample for this study is women of childbearing age who were currently pregnant during the survey. The prevalence of unintended pregnancy in Indonesia is 7,5%, which consist of 6,8% of mistimed pregnancy and 0,7% of unwanted pregnancy. Intrapersonal Factors such as Age [PR 0,59 CI 95%: 0,37-0,97 p-value 0,036], Marriage Status [PR 6,03 CI 95% 3,7-9,9 p-value 0,001] and Parity [PR 0,42 CI 95% 0,26-0,67 p-value 0,001) and Structural Factor such as Place of Residence [PR 1,625 CI 95% 1,06-2,57 , p value = 0,024] has statistically significant association (p-value <0,05) with the cases of Unintended Pregnancy in Indonesia 2017. More reproductive health education is needed which does not only cover biological aspects but also the social, mental and financial consequences of unwanted pregnancy. The government also needs to enact stricter laws regarding the minimum age for marriage and ensure that women of childbearing age can have good access to contraception. In addition, surveillance for family planning acceptors needs to be paid more attention so that pregnancy planning can be more effective in preventing unwanted pregnancies. Keywords: Unintended Pregnancy, Unwanted Pregnancy, Women of Childbearing Age, Factors related to unintended pregnancy
There are 38.4 million people reported living with HIV in 2021 and there are as many as 58 million cases of chronic hepatitis C cases in 2019. Injecting drug users are the most vulnerable population to be infected with these two viruses due to the transmission routes of these two viruses via unsterile needles. These two diseases can occur simultaneously which causes the accelerated progress of both infections to become chronic. This study aims to look at the factors associated with the incidence of HIV/HCV coinfection to prevent further spread by conducting bivariate analysis using chi-square and looking at the crude prevalence rate. A cross-sectional study of 2018-2019 IBBS data in seven districts/cities of West Java of the IDU population was conducted and it was found that the positivity rate of HIV/HCV coinfection in IDU reached 9%. It was found that there was a relationship between age, gender, education level, marital status, history of imprisonment, age at first injecting drug use, duration of injecting drug use, ever using unsterile injecting equipment, age at first sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse in the past year, use of condoms with regular partners, comprehensive knowledge of HIV, access to sterile syringe service, and access to methadone treatment, with HIV/HCV coinfection. From these results, appropriate interventions are needed to prevent and overcome the high incidence of HIV/HCV co-infection among IDU.