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Angka kematian ibu di Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 390 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup pada tahun 1994. Penjaringan ibu hamil dengan risiko oleh tenaga kesehatan merupakan indikator untuk memperkirakan besarnya masalah yang dihadapi oleh Program Pembinaan Kesehatan Keluarga dan diharapkan ibu hamil dengan risiko pendapat perhatian khusus, meskipun ibu hamil yang tidak termasuk risiko tidak boleh diabaikan Puskesmas se Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu. Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan metode Cross sectional pada bulan Desember 2000 Januari 2001 bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko kehamilan yang berhubungan dengan kualitas Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Antenatal serta faktor yang mempengaruhi tersebut, dilihat dari sudut pengguna yaitu ibu hamil pengunjung Puskesmas. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik umum, pemeriksaan kebidanan dan kadar Haemoglobin (metode Sahli) terhadap 210 Responden. Pemanfaatan dikatakan adequat bila ibu memeriksakan kehamilannya kepada petugas Kesehatan, trimester pertama, paling sedikit satu kali, trimester kedua satu kali, dan pada trimester III dua kali. Dari 17 variabel yang ditegakkan, ada 4 variabel yang terbukti bermakna secara statistik yaitu variabel Tekanan Darah, Kadar Haemoglobine, Hamil kembar dan jarak ke fasilitas kesehatan. Dari keempat variabel tersebut, variabel hamil kembar dan jarak tak terbukti secara bermakna mempengaruhi hubungan variabel risiko kehamilan dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Antenatal, sedangkan variabel Tekanan darah dan Kadar Haemoglobin secara bermakna mempengaruhi Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Antenatal. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas pemanfaatan oleh ibu hamil, upaya-upaya yang perlu dilaksanakan antara lain, Intensifikasi Penyuluhan, mengenai Pelayanan Antenatal dan risiko kehamilan. Meningkatkan kemampuan bidan, dukun bayi dan leader dalam menentukan faktor risiko pada ibu hamil yang berhubungan secara negatif dengan adekuasi Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Antenatal. Penelitian ini mendukung upaya-upaya Program Kesehatan ibu dan anak dalam meningkatkan Cakupan Persalinan oleh bidan, Superoisi terhadap persalinan oleh dukun serta pengembangan dana sehat untuk ibu hamil
Maternal Mortality rates are still high in Indonesia, i.e. 390 per 100.000,- live births respectively in 1994 one aspects of Antenatal care the Health Centers in indentifying at risk woman and refer them to the district hospital for further Treatment. The Methodology of the study is cross sectional in Desember - Januari 2001, Health Centered in Regency of OKU. Identifying the pregnancy risk factors which were related to the quality (adequacy) of utilization of ANC from the view of users. i, e. expecting mothers attending health centres, and to fine out other factors which influence the relationship. Utilization of ANC is defined is adequate if the expecting mother had her first ANC visit to health personnel during the first trimester, at least once in the second and two consecitive visits in the third trimester of her gestational age. The data were collected from 210 respondents thought direct intervienes, general pyisical and obstetric examinations, and Sahli's method for determination of Hemoglobin concentration. From 17 variable only the first four variables were found statistical sigmicant (Blood pressure, Content Hemoglobin, Double Pregnancy, Distance between house to Health facilities). Among the four variable the Distance between mother's homes and Double Pregnancy was Statistically not significant influencing the relationship between the risk factor and utilization of ANC, while Hemoglobin of content were found affecting the relationship significantly of ANC utilization. For Improve the quality of ANC utilization, health education dealing with ANC and risk factors of Pregnancy Should be intensified. Knowledge and capability of midwives, traditional midwives and voluntary cadres Should be inproved in identifying pregnancy risk factors especially those which are related negatively to the adequacy of ANC utilization. The study support the efforts of MCH program in increasing the coverage of home deliveries by midwives, supervision of high risk home deliveries attended by traditional midwives and development of health insurance for expecting mothers.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi anemia pada ibu hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Merdeka Kota Bogor tahun 2017 sebesar 24,1 %. Berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kehamilan adalah umur kehamilan (nilai P: 0,048) dan kekurangan energi kronik (nilai P: 0,013). Sedangkan faktor umur ibu, paritas dan jarak kelahiran tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian anemia pada kehamilan. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, perlu peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenaik kebutuhan zat gizi terutama zat besi selama kehamilan dan pembentukan program pengawasan minum tablet tambah darah untuk memantau semua ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet tambah darah sesuai dengan kebutuhan selama kehamilan.
Kata kunci: Anemia, Ibu hamil, Faktor-faktor
Nutrition problems such as anemia in pregnant women are still the focus of attention in health development in Indonesia. 40% of maternal deaths in the world are associated with anemia in pregnancy. The Riskesdas report of 2013 states that the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in Indonesia is 37.1%. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia and factors affecting the incidence of anemia in pregnant women in the Working Area of Merdeka Healt Centers 2017. This research is a quantitative research using cross sectional design. Sources of data in this study were maternal cohorts and maternal registers. The sampling technique used was total sampling with the number of 195 pregnant women.
The results showed that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in the Work Area of Merdeka Health Center Bogor City in 2017 was 24.1%. Based on the analysis results obtained factors associated with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy is the age of pregnancy (P value: 0.048) and chronic energy deficiency (P value: 0.013). While the maternal age, parity and birth spacing factors were not associated with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy. Based on this research, it is necessary to increase the knowledge of pregnant mother about requirement of nutrient especially iron during pregnancy and establishment of supervision program of tablet consumption to all pregnant woman consume tablets added blood as needed during pregnancy.
Keywords: Anemia, pregnant women, factors
