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Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan sikap petugas puskesmas terhadap Orang Dengan HIV-AIDS (ODHA) di Kota Bandung melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan data primer di empat puskesmas (Salam, Kopo, Pasundan, dan Ibrahim Adji/Kiaracondong) di Kota Bandung pada bulan Oktober - Nopember 2010. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 59.6% petugas puskesmas bersikap positif terhadap ODHA. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan sikap petugas puskesmas terhadap ODHA adalah pengalaman menolong ODHA dengan nilai p=0.016 (OR: 4.827, 95%CI: 1.343-17.349). Artinya, petugas puskesmas yang pernah menolong ODHA akan memberi sikap positif terhadap ODHA sebesar 4.8 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan petugas puskesmas yang belum pernah menolong ODHA setelah dikontrol variabel dukungan rekan kerja. Hasil penelitian kualitatif ditemukan informasi tentang sikap negatif petugas Puskesmas terhadap ODHA dan mutasi petugas Puskesmas yang mengganggu kelancaran pelayanan kesehatan HIV-AIDS di Puskesmas.
The study was designed to explore the relationship of the factors of health center providers attitude toward People Living with HIV-AIDS (PLWH) in HIV-AIDS Care, through quantitative and qualitative approach using primary data in four health centers (Ibrahim Adjie/Kiaracondong, Kopo, Pasundan, and Salam) in Bandung in October - November 2010. The result showed 59.6% health center providers had positive attitude toward PLWH. Only one factor was significant related to attitude of health center providers toward PLWH with p=0.16 (OR: 4.827, 95% CI: 1.343-17.349). Meaning, there was 4.8 chance for health center providers who had helped PLWH having positive attitude toward PLWH compared with those who never helped PLWH. The qualitative study found negative attitude of health centre providers toward PLWH and mutation of health centre providers was the problem in HIV-AIDS care at health centers in Bandung.
Kata kunci: Stigma terkait HIV, HIV/AIDS, Orang dengan HIV/AIDS
HIV-related stigma is a negative attitude, behavior and perception of PLHIV as a result of general fear which ultimately results in discriminatory actions. Stigmatizing behavior towards PLHIV in Indonesia continues to increase based on the results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2010 and 2018. As a result of the unresolved stigma can lead to the loss of the desire of PLHIV to access health services, which can lead to the possibility of transmission due to ignorance of HIV status and AIDS-related deaths. This study aims to analyze factors related to the behavior of giving stigma to PLHIV by women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia using data on Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. The approach is done with cross-sectional study design, as well as analysis with Chi Square test to analyze the relationship between 9 independent variables with the behavior of giving stigma. The sample of the study was 32,184 of 49,627 woman aged 15-49 years old with inclusion criteria of research subjects who had heard about HIV / AIDS and who had complete data according to the variables analyzed. It was found the proportion of stigma-giving behavior among PLHIV by women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia in 2017 was 89.5%. Analyze result shows that there is a relation found between predisposing factors (area of residence, knowledge on HIV/AIDS and behavior towards PLHIV), enabling factors (wealth index) and reinforcing factors (information source of HIV/AIDS) with stigmatizing behavior towards PLHIV. It is hoped that the government can cooperate with HIV/AIDS foundations and organizations to improve promotive and preventive interventions related to HIV/AIDS regarding transmission mechanisms especially throughout rural area in Indonesia and also involve wider community to be able to interact directly with PLHIV.
Key words: HIV-related Stigma, HIV/AIDS, People Living with HIV/AIDS
Salah satu masalah kependudukan utama yang dihadapi Indonesia adalah pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi, hingga saat ini telah dilakukan berbagai usaha untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan penduudk, terutama melalui pengendalian angka kelahiran atau fertilitas. Upaya penurunan angka kelahiran ini dilakukan dengan cara pemakaian kontrasepsi kepada pasangan usia subur. Kabupaten Bogor juga mengalami hal yang sama, belum semua PUS memanfaatkan pelayanan KB. Kecamatan Ciseeng untuk cakupan unmet need KB belum memenuhi SPM (5%). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan faktore predisposisi, pemungkin, kebutuhan dan penguat terhadap pemanfaatan pelayanan keluarga berencana. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan studi cross sectional. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer, diperoleh dengan cara wawancara terhadap WUS yang berstatus menikah. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa umur, pekerjaan, akses dan kebutuhan berhubungan secara signifikan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan KB. Kebutuhan akan pelayanan KB merupakan variabel yang paling dominan.
One of the main demography issues in Indonesia is a higher growth rate of population. Nowadays, there are any efforts to control the growth rate of the population through the controk of birth rate or fertility by using contraception involuntary by the fertile spouse. Bogor regency also experience the same thing, not all of the PUS use services of KB. Ciseeng subdistrict for unmet need coverage KB has not met the SPM (5%). The purpose of this research was to know relationship factors predisposing, needs and booster of the utilization of family planning services. this research is quantitative with cross sectional study. The Data collected is primary data, obtained by means of interviews to the WUS are married. Resultes of the study explained that the age, occupation, access and requirements associated with the utilization of service significantly KB. The need for services is the most variable KB is dominant.
One of the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic is the increasing number of poverty and the number of PMKS in Jakarta, one of which is street children. Their free condition makes them more susceptible to risky sexual behavior. This colud increase the number of spread of STIs, HIV, unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with risky sexual behavior in street children in the X halfway house in North Jakarta. This research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional design which was carried out at the X halfway house in North Jakarta. Data was collected by filling out questionnaires to 130 street children in the X shelter in North Jakarta. Data were analyzed using simple logistic regression and multiple logistic regression. The results of the study found that 22.3% of street children had risky sexual behavior, namely having had sexual relations before marriage. The variabels of pornographic media exposure (p=0.040) and the role of peers (p=0.041) with p-value <0.05 were stated to be significantly related to risky sexual behavior in street children. Exposure to pornographic media is the most dominant variabel in influencing risky sexual behavior in street children. Collaboration between various related institutions in running or developing programs related to reproductive health in street children can increase knowledge about the importance of maintaining reproductive health and increase awareness, so as to reduce risky sexual behavior in street children.
