Keselamatan kerja tercermin pada keadaan di tempat kerja, yang meliputi kondisi tak aman, tindakan tak aman maupun keadaan Iingkungart kerja, merupakan dasar dari kejadian hampir celaka maupun kecelakaan. Perlindungan keselamatan secara mekanikal peralatan sebagai perbaikan pertama dan langkah umum yang paling awal dilakukan, yang membatasi bahwa kondisi tak aman relatif sebagai penyebab kecelakaan. Inspeksi keselamatan kerja pemboran bertujuan sebagai sarana untuk mengenali potensial keadaan tak aman yang ada diberbagal fasilitas dan peralatan di lokasi pemboran yang berhubungan dengan rig pemboran darat. Temuan hasil inspeksi dianalisa dan diberikan rekomendasi untuk mengurangi dan atau menghapuskan kejadian hampir celaka dan kecelakaan pada operasi pemboran di PT. CPI. Penelitian ini adalah studi evaluasi dengan mempergunakan data tahun 2003 sampai dengan tahun 2005 di PT. CPI. Data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang merupakan data dari kebijakan dan program inspeksi keselamatan kerja pemboran serta data primes yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner untuk mengetahui pemahaman program inspeksi keselamatan kerja pemboran. Aspek Input adalah komitmen dan dukungan manajemen, hasilnya baik pada tahun 2003, 2004 dan tahun 2005 yang meliputi kebijakan dan program inspeksi keselamatan kerja pemboran serta dukungan sumber daya manusia. Aspek proses yakni penerapan program inspeksi keselamatan kerja pemboran pada tahun 2003 dan 2004 hasilnya kurang baik dan meningkat menjadi sangat balk pada tahun 2005. Aspek Output yaitu Nilai Positive Indicators yang sangat baik dari tahun 2003 s/d tahun 2005 dari program inspeksi keselamatan kerja pemboran di PT. CPI sudah dapat mencerminkan status pengelolaan keselamatan kerja pemboran dari fasilitas maupun peralatan yang dioperasikan. Komitmen dan dukungan manajemen pada tahun 2003 perlu peningkatan pemantauan program inspeksi, pelatihan dan keterlibatan karyawan perusahaan kontraktor pemboran melakukan inspeksi bersama tim inspeksi. Hasil yang kurang baik pada penerapan program inspeksi keselamatan kerja pemboran tahun 2003 dan 2004 disebabkan kurangnya pengawasan, kurangnya pemahaman pengawasan penyelesaian perbaikan. Pemenuhan keselamatan kerja rig pemboran yang sangat baik dari tahun 2003 s/d tahun 2005 karena perusahaan kontraktor pemboran telah melaksanakan inspeksi internal, mempunyai surat ijin iayak operasi (SILO) dan manajemen telah melakukan pengawasan secara lebih baik, keterlibatan karyawan meningkat serta adanya pemantauan dan evaluasi.

Occupational safety can be seen a lot from the situation at the workplace, which includes unsafe conditions, unsafe actions and also the situation of work environment. Safety protection which is done mechanically as a first improvement and the earliest general action taken, create a limitation that unsafe conditions seem to be considered as the main cause of accidents. Occupational safety inspection at drilling industry is aimed as means to recognize the unsafe conditions exist in many facilities and equipment at the drilling sites, which are related to ground drilling rig. The result of the inspection is then analyzed and given as a recommendation to decrease andlor eliminate nearly-accidents occurrence and accidents at the drilling operation in PT. CPI. This study is an evaluation study using data taken from 2003 until 2005 in PT. CPI. The data is a secondary data obtained from policies and occupational safety inspection program at drilling industry as well as primary data obtained from questionnaires in order to find out the acknowledgement and comprehension of occupational safety inspection program at drilling industry. The input aspect is management commitment and supports, the results are data either from 2003, 2004, or 2005 which include policies and occupational safety inspection program at drilling industry as well as human resource supports. The process aspect is the implementation of occupational safety inspection program at drilling company during 2003 to 2004, the result are not quite good yet improving to be very good in 2005. The output aspect is Positive indicators Value which is considered excellent from 2003 until 2005 in occupational safety inspection program at drilling industry PT. CPI. The program has already shown the status of occupational safety management either the facilities or the equipment being operated. Management commitment and supports in 2003 needs an improvement in the inspection program monitoring, training and workers from drilling industry contractors to perform inspection along with the inspection team. The low quality results in the implementation of occupational safety inspection at drilling industry 2003-2004 is due to the lack of monitoring, supervisor's knowledge of improvement completion. The very good result shown at drilling rig from 2003 until 2005 is because the drilling contractor has performed internal inspection, already has an authorization letter to perform operation (SILO) and the management has done better monitoring, workers involvement has improved and monitoring and evaluation is well-performed.

Nyeri pinggang bawah merupakan masalah kesehatan kerja yang paling tua dalam sejarah. Sampai sekarang masih tetap merupakan masalah yang sering dijumpai. Di perusahaan ini nyeri pinggang bawah selama dua tahun terakhir ini menduduki urutan kedua dari sepuluh penyakit terbanyak. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan mengetahui prevalensi serta faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi keluhan nyeri pinggang bawah ini. Metoda penelitian: Berupa studi kros seksional dengan analisis kasus kontrol. Jumlah sampel pada kelompok terpajan (bagian mixing) sebanyak 230 orang dan pada kelompok tidak terpajan (bagian quality control) sebanyak 109 orang. Data penelitian didapat dari medical records, medical check up, kuesioner, observasi, wawancara dan pemeriksaan fisik. Hasil penelitian : Pada kelompok mixing (n=230) didapatkan angka prevalensi untuk keluhan nyeri pinggang sebesar 92,2% dan pada kelompok quality control (n=109) sebesar 21,1%. Dan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh secara bermakna pada terjadinya keluhan nyeri pinggang dari yang paling kuat pengaruhnya adalah berat beban, merokok, status, umur, masa kerja, pengetahuan cara mengangkat, frekuensi mengangkat dan pendidikan (pada kelompok mixing dan quality control). Untuk kelompok mixing saja faktor yang paling kuat mempengaruhi adalah umur (p=0,0000; 13 ,325). Untuk yang quality control yang besar pengaruhnya adalah pendidikan (p=0,000 ;B=0,412). Diskusi : Dari penelitian ini secara statistik terbukti bahwa faktor berat beban, merokok, status, umur, masa kerja, pengetahuan cara mengangkat, frekuensi mengangkat dan pendidikan (p = < 0,05) bermakna dalam mempengaruhi keluhan nyeri pinggang . Dan faktor lain seperti pelatihan, SOP dan alat pelindung diri yang tidak bisa dibuktikan secara statistik tetapi kenyataannya berpengaruh. Ini terbukti dari penelitian yang dilakukan di Rusia oleh Toroptsova NV (et al). Maka dan itu untuk mencegah dan mengurangi keluhan nyeri pinggang perlu kerjasama yang baik dari pihak manajemen, tenaga kerja dan dokter perusahaan.

Low Back Pain Among the Workers Food Spices Factory in Purwakarta and the Factors that Related Low back pain is the very old occupational and safety problem in history. Until now still as an occupational and safety problem that most happen. In this factory, low back pain became the second top of ten kinds of diseases that often happen after upper respiratory tract infection. That's why, this case study done with goal to know the prevalence and the factors that related with low back pain. Method: A cross sectional study with case control analysis. Sample consisted of mixing group 230 workers and quality control group 109 workers. Data were collected from medical records, medical check up results, questioners, observation, interview and physical examination. Results: The prevalence of low back pain among mixing group is 92,9% and among quality control group is 21,1%. The factors that related significantly with low back pain are: weight of load, smoking, status, age, duration of working, knowledge of the technique for lifting, frequency of lifting and education among mixing group and among quality control group (p=<0,05). For the mixing group the factor that is strongly influents low back pain is age (p ,0000 : B-0,325). And for the quality control group is education (p=0,0000; B= 0,412). Discussion: There were statistically significant relation between weight of load, smoking, status, age, duration of working, knowledge of the technique for lifting, frequency of lifting and education (p<0,05) with low back pain. The other factors like training, SOP (Standard Operation Procedure) and protection equipment that were statistically can not proved but in fact these factors can significantly related with low back pain In Toroptsova NV (et a!) study already proved those factors could cause low back pain. That's why for preventing and reducing this problem needs cooperation between management, workers and occupational and safety doctor in factory.

Employees as human resources play an important role in pacify and expand a production process. They carry out a necessary working activity that in some cases are exposed by the risk of dangerous situation. Occupation accident in an industry, especially in a manufacturing company constitute as undesired evidence. Labor protection principle in occupational accident not only evaluate a potential risk of danger but also find out the cause of emergence. This thesis emphasizes on the cause factors of accident that might suddenly happen in preceding to the working activity. This study would be explored in the production unit of Bridgestone Tire Indonesia. It uses the Fault Tree Analysis Method with a qualitative research. The result of this research shows that the occupation accident occurring in that company has various types following Heinrich theories that the cause of accident are due to fail of carefulness during working activities and unsafe working conditions. To pay attention on the statistics of accident, based on the yearly report, the evidence has increased about 72,7% from 1999 to 2001, at the time patrol safety clothes, the figure fluctuate. That research only focus on flow think or flow chart for unsafe acts and unsafe conditions with secundair data result in fact with field in Fault tree analysis. From the data field result unsafe condition caused of operation machine, materiil conditions and environment condition. Accupation accident from operation machine caused of operation didn't follow on procedures, abnorm condition and didn't connect. Abnorm conditions may be caused of requirement function unprotect, trouble machine or lable in machine can't understand becaused Kanji letters. On trouble may be caused of didn't function of emergency stop, rope emergency can't caught, trouble operator to find manual stop or less of requirement gived. Environment conditions may be floor not smooth, unbalance cleaning service, not keep on Healhty or narrow office in work, in unsafe acts caused of operator working unfollowed with standard and machine abnorm condition. Operator working unfollowed with standard caused of neglected on working, work without safety clothes, work in machine oparation, work withough requirement protect, and hurry working, work unsafe body position, work trouble, unsafe requirement. Work without safety clothe s caused of safety clothes broken, unwilling safety clothes, safety clothes unrelative give, working with safety clothes unpleasant or safety clothes not enough stock. In hurry working caused of in hurry finish or in hurry order target. Trouble working caused of don't know risk or low educated. Hopefully this thesis could contribute to decrease the figure of accident in the manufacturing companies.Bibliography : 35 ( 1980-2000)

ABSTRAK
Kebisingan pada industri harus dapat dikurangi agar para karyawan yang terpapar tidak mengalami gangguan pendengaran. Agar area kerja dapat diperbaiki dan kebisingan dapat dikurangi maka diperlukan suatu kegiatan promosi kesehatan dalam mencegah gangguan pendengaran yaitu Hearing conservation program. Peneliti bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi Hearing Conservation Program pada PT XYZ tahun 2013. Proses evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan checklist evaluasi Hearing conservation program dari NIOSH (Alih bahasa Departemen Kesehatan). Maka diperoleh hasil pelaksanaan Hearing conservation program pada PT XYZ yang telah dilaksanakan sebesar 76 % dan 24 % belum terlaksana. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan Hearing Conservation program di PT XYZ masih harus ada perbaikan agar karyawan tidak terpapar oleh kebisingan dan terhindar dari gangguan pendengaran. Saran pada PT XYZ sebaiknya menjalankan secara menyeluruh dan sosialisasi terhadap pelaksanaan Hearing conservation program harus dilaksanakan pada seluruh karyawan. 

ABSTRACT
Noise in the industry must be reduced so that the employees are not exposed to hearing loss. So that the work area can be improved and the noise can be reduced, we need a health promotion activity in preventing hearing loss is hearing conservation program. We aimed to evaluate the implementation of the Hearing Conservation Program in PT XYZ in 2013. The evaluation process is conducted by using a checklist evaluation of the NIOSH Hearing conservation program (Language Interpreting Department of Health). Hearing the obtained results of the implementation of conservation programs at XYZ Ltd. which has been implemented by 76% and 24% have not been implemented. It can be concluded that the Hearing Conservation program activities in PT XYZ still must be improved in order employees not exposed to noise and avoid hearing loss. Advice on PT XYZ should run thoroughly and disseminate the hearing conservation program implementation should be carried out on all employees.

Tesis ini membahas tentang kesiapsiagaan rumah sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Unit I Yogyakarta dalam menghadapi bencana alam gempa bumi. Penelitian kesiapsiagaan rumah sakit ini mengacu pada Hospital Safety Index yang disusun oleh Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengisian cheklist, wawancara, dan observasi terhadap sarana dan fasilitas di rumah sakit. Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jumlah Safety Index RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Unit I dalah 0,63. Dengan demikian maka RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Unit I termasuk dalam klasifikasi B, dengan implementasi bahwa rumah sakit dapat bertahan dalam situasi bencana, tetapi masih berpotensi risiko mengalami kegagalan dalam menghadapi bencana.

This thesis discusses about hospital preparedness PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Unit I in the face of natural disasters earthquakes. Hospital preparedness research refers to the Hospital Safety Index compiled by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The research was conducted by charging checklist, interviews, and observations of the equipment and facilities at the hospital. The study design is a qualitative descriptive study. The results showed that the number of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Safety Index Yogyakarta Unit I is 0.63. Thus, the RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Unit I is included in the classification of B, with implementations that hospitals can survive in a disaster, but it still has the potential risk of a failure in the face of disaster.