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Kehamilan tidak diinginkan di Indonesia belum menunjukkan perubahan yang konsisten dari 2002 hingga 2019 (BKKBN, 2019). Dominasi kehamilan tidak diinginkan terjadi pada kelompok usia berisiko tinggi (56% kasus) (BKKBN, 2012, 2017) dan cenderung lebih banyak ditemukan di perkotaan Indonesia. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kehamilan tidak diinginkan yaitu penggunaan kontrasepsi modern. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat besar hubungan yang terjadi antara penggunaan kontrasepsi modern dengan kejadian kehamilan tidak diinginkan pada wanita kelompok usia berisiko tinggi di wilayah perkotaan dan pedesaan Indonesia. Desain studi pada penelitian ini merupakan cross sectional dengan analisis menggunakan chi square dan regresi logistik. Data yang digunakan merupakan data SDKI 2017. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa wanita usia risiko tinggi di wilayah perkotaan Indonesia yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi memiliki risiko yang lebih rendah untuk mengalami kehamilan tidak diinginkan (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.588-0.977). Sedangkan wanita usia risiko tinggi di wilayah pedesaan Indonesia yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi memiliki risiko yang lebih tinggi untuk mengalami kehamilan tidak diinginkan (OR: 1.66 95% CI: 1.035-2.648).
Unintended pregnancies in Indonesia have not shown consistent changes from 2002 to 2019 (BKKBN, 2019). In addition, unintended pregnancies mostly occur in the high-risk age group (56% of cases) (BKKBN, 2012, 2017). One of the factor that can influence incident of unintended pregnancy is the use of modern contraception. In Indonesia unintended pregnancies tend to be more common in urban areas. This research was conducted to see the relationship between modern contraception use and the incidence of unintended pregnancies in women in high-risk age groups in urban and rural areas of Indonesia. The study design in this research is cross sectional and data will be conducted with chi square and logistic regression. The data used in this research is the 2017 IDHS. The results show that women of high risk age in urban areas of Indonesia who do not use contraception have a lower risk of experiencing unwanted pregnancy (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.588-0.977). Meanwhile, women of high risk age in rural areas of Indonesia who do not use contraception have a higher risk of experiencing unwanted pregnancy (OR: 1.66 95% CI: 1.035-2.648).
Kata kunci: sikap wanita, pemukulan istri, SDKI
Unwanted pregnancy is a major cause of unsafe abortion and adverse impacton women who experience it as well as the fetus. The risk of unwanted pregnancyincreased in women aged less than 20 years and more than 35 years old. Thisstudy used a cross-sectional study design to analyze further the IDHS 2012 data.Results showed 18% of pregnant women at risk of age had unwanted pregnancies,and women who experience contraceptive failure 8.5 times tended to have anunwanted pregnancies after controlled by age, number of children, economicstatus, knowledge of family planning, and access to health care variables.Keywords : unwanted pregnancy, contraceptive failure
ABSTRAK Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar keempat di dunia setelah Republik Rakyat Cina, India dan Amerika Serikat. Pada tahun 2002 jumlah penduduk Indonesia sekitar 215 juta jiwa, dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk antara tahun 2000-2002 sekitar 1,25%, maka terjadi penambahan penduduk sekitar 7,3 juta setiap tahunnya. Indikator yang digunakan untuk mengukur keberhasilan program KB adalah Tora! Fertility Rare (TER), TPR pada SDKI tahun 1997 sebesar 2,8 dan SDKI 2003 diketahui TFR sebesar 2,6, dan CPR (Contraceptive Prevalence Rafe) di Indonesia dalam kurun waktu dua dasawarsa terjadi peningkatan dua kali lipat dari tahun 1977 yaitu 26 menjadi 57 pada tahun 1997. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Iama kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi sejak pertama kali pemakaian daiam periode 1997-2002 dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan. Desain penelitian dengan menggunakan metode crossectional dibuat menjadi kohort retrospektf, karena uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji statistik analisis survival, dengan menggunakan data skunder SDKI 2002-2003, dengan jumlah sampel 5072 sampel. Hasil penelitian didapatkan lama kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi dalam periode 1997-2002 di Indonesia sejak pertama kali pakai hingga pemakaian 72 bulan adalah 50,32%. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi adalah tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status pekerjaan ibu. Untuk meningkatkan kelangsungan pemakaian kontrasepsi hendaknya kepada pembuat dan menentu kebijakan untuk lebih meningkatkan pengetahun akseptor melalui penyuluhan dengan berbagai cara baik melalui media cetak maupu elektronik.
ABSTRACT lt has been known that Indonesia is the fourth largest population in the world, alter People Republic of China, India, and United States. At the year of 2002, Indonesia total population is about 215 million, with a growth rate between 2000 and 2002 is about 1.25% then the number is added about 7.3 million people every year. The success of the Family Plarming Program is recognized by its indicators, namely Total Fertility Rate (TFR) and Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR). The TFR at SDKI 1997 is 2.8 and in SDKI 2003 are 2.6. While CPR. for two decades has increasing double fold from 26 in 1977 to 57 in 1997. The study is carried out in order to know the length of continuation on contraception use since the first time, in the period of 1997-2002 and factors related. The design of the research is using a cross sectional method with a retrospective cohort, as one of statistic tests use is the survival analysis. Data is using a secondary data of SDKI 2002-2003 on 5,072 samples. The result of the study showed that contraception continuation since it first time until 72 months continuation is 50.32%. Factors related to the continuation are level of education and occupation of the mother. To increase the contraception continuation use, suggestion addresses to the decision and policy makers, in which should elevate the acceptor?s knowledge through IEC exposures of several ways, such as printed or electronic media.
A good understanding of the role of men in the formation of an ideal family and reproductive health planning can have a good impact in a family planning program. This study seeks to the predictors of modern contraceptive use and fertility preference among sexually active men in Indonesia. The data source is the nationally representative 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) of men aged 15-54 years. The analysis is restricted to 9,277 men who reported being sexually active in the past 12 months prior to the survey, have a married status, and living with his wife. This research use bivariate and multinominal logistic regression to access predictors that influence modern contraceptive use and fertility preference among sexually active men. Bivariate and multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted and statistical significance was set at p-value<0.05. From a total of 9,277 sexually active men in Indonesia, 309 (3,3%) used male modern contraception methods and 8,968 (96,7%) didn't use modern contraception. Besides that, from the total sample, 4,383 (47,2%) is the fertility preference of male that didn't want another child and 4,894 (52,8%) men indecisive or still want another child. Findings from the bivariate and multinominal logistic regression indicate that education (OR=3,02; 95% CI: 1,72-5,31 ), residence (OR=1,75; 95% CI: 1,18-2,58), wealth index(OR=3,57; 95% CI: 1,87-9,50), currently working (OR=13,32; 95% CI: 1,83-96,76), living children (OR=2,1; 95% CI: 1,35-3,24), istri menggunakan KB (OR=0,07; 95% CI: 0,05-0,11), access to media (OR=1,83; 95% CI: 1,23-2,72), disscuss with health worker (OR=0,47 ; 95% CI: 0,30-0,72), disscuss with wife (OR=2,71; 95% CI: 1,94-3,79), knowledge (OR=1,69; 95% CI: 1,23-2,32), dan fertility preference (OR=1,72; 95% CI: 1,22-2,43) were all significantly associated with modern contraceptive use among sexually active men. Other result finding that age (OR=4,55; 95% CI: 3,87-5,34), education level (OR=0,77; 95% CI: 0,67-0,89), residence (OR=1,26; 95% CI: 1,10-1,45), living children (OR=13,2; 95% CI: 10,45-16,68), wife using contraceptive (OR=1,32; 95% CI: 1,15-1,51), access to media (OR=0,83; 95% CI: 0,72-0,96), disscuss with wife (OR=0,86; 95% CI: 0,75-0,98), and knowledge (OR = 1,28; 95% CI: 1,11-1,48) were all significantly assosiated with fertility preference in a men who didn't want another child. These findings suggest that future policies and programs should focus on interventions and promoting men's contraception in media, addressing regional disparities in accessibility and availability of modern contraceptive, and interventions family planning in the middle of level education.
