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This study aims to determine the factors that influence the utilization of integrated postal development elderly in the region of the sub-district public health centers in 2014 Beji. Using descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 66 people. Data analysis using the chi-square test. Utilization of research results in the get older postal of integrated development in the region of 47.0% to the factors associated are: employment (0,01), family support (p=0,01), health care workers (p = 0,02) and factors support the need (p = 0,00). To increase the utilization of integrated postal coaching is necessary for the management of the elderly with more planned programs, outreach to the community about the functions, objectives and programs utilizationpostal development elderly, procurement support, training cadres and intersectoral collaboration.
Kata kunci: Pemanfaatan, Posbindu, Penyakit Tidak Menular
The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (PTM) in Indonesia is increasing every year. This happens due to an unhealthy lifestyle and various other factors. Posbindu PTM was formed in the context of early detection and monitoring of PTM risk factors as a preventive promotive health service effort aimed at controlling the prevalence of PTM in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the use of two Posbindu PTM by the elderly at the Kemanggisan Kelurahan Public Health Center in 2020. This research is a quantitative study using cross-sectional methods. The population in this study were residents aged 45-69 years with a sample of 119 people. This study used the Chi Square test for data analysis. The results of the study are 63.9% of elderly who use Posbindu PTM actively. Variables associated to the utilization of Posbindu PTM are gender (p value 0.003), education (p value 0.0001), knowledge (p value 0.0001), family support (p value 0.0001), health worker support (p value 0,0001), and the need for Posbindu PTM (p value 0,0001).
Key words: Posbindu, Utilization, Non-Communicable Disease
Derajat kesehatan masyarakat merupakan salah satu indikator kesejahteraan suatu bangsa. Upaya yang dilakukan di bidang kesehatan adalah dengan meningkatkan umur harapan hidup, dengan cara menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Dibanding negara- negara ASEAN, AKI dan AKB di Indonesia masih tinggi, demikian juga kondisi AKI dan AKB di Jawa Barat, termasuk di Kabupaten Karawang. Pelayanan antenatal merupakan salah satu intervensi kesehatan yang paling efektif untuk pencegahan kesakitan dan kematian ibu. Kematian ibu dapat dicegah bila komplikasi dan keadaan resiko tinggi kehamilan dapat dideteksi sejak dini melalui pemeriksaan antenatal sedini mungkin. Hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh bidan di desa Kabupaten Karawang dalam pelayanan antenatal (cakupan ANC K1 dan K4), menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan yang tinggi. Hal ini merupakan indikator bahwa kinerja bidan di desa masih belum baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, pengalaman, tempat tinggal, motivasi, kelengkapan alat, supervisi dan klasifikasi desa dengan kinerja bidan di desa dalam pelayanan antenatal. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional, dengan populasi semua bidan di desa sebanyak 305 responden. Sampel penelitian semua populasi, yang berhasil didata sebanyak 289 responden. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-April 2008, di Kabupaten Karawang, dengan wawancara dan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis univariat dengan membuat distribusi frekuensi masing-masing variabel, analisis bivariat dengan uji kai kuadrat dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik ganda dengan kriteria kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi bidan di desa yang mempunyai kinerja kurang (49,8%), sedikit lebih rendah dibanding bidan di desa yang mempunyai kinerja baik (50,2%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengetahuan tentang umur kehamilan dan fokus supervisi berhubungan signifikan dengan kinerja bidan di desa. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel fokus supervisi berhubungan signifikan dengan kinerja bidan di desa. Bidan di desa dengan fokus supervisi kurang akan berpeluang mempunyai kinerja kurang 1,7 kali lebih besar dibanding bidan di desa dengan fokus supervisi baik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis merekomendasikan saran sebagai berikut: Bagi Puskesmas dan Dinas Kesehatan perlu meningkatkan supervisi dengan cara membuat jadwal supervisi, cek list, kemudian didiskusikan, sampai terbentuk formulasi tentang masalah yang ada, menentukan penyebab masalah, prioritas dan membuat langkah- langkah perbaikan, membuat komitmen bersama untuk perbaikan, melakukan pelatihan bagi petugas supervisi, kemudian melakukan uji coba, menilai hasil yang dicapai dan menentukan tindak lanjut berikutnya. Bagi bidan di desa perlu memahami kembali tentang tujuan, wewenang, tugas pokok dan fungsi sebagai bidan di desa, meningkatkan kerjasama, lebih proaktif dan meningkatkan soft skill. Bagi masyarakat perlu kerjasama dan partisipasinya dalam pelayanan antenatal. Bagi peneliti lain perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang fokus supervisi untuk meningkatkan kinerja bidan di desa dalam pelayanan antenatal dengan wawancara independen dan tentang kinerja bidan di desa secara komprehensif. Daftar bacaan : 49 (1980-2008) Kata kunci : Kinerja, Bidan di Desa, Pelayanan Antenatal, Cross Sectional
ABSTRACT The level of public health is one of the indicators related to the wealth of society. One of the efforts being done in the health subject is to increase the age life expectancy by reducing the maternal mortality rate (MMR) and neonatal mortality rate (NMR). Comparing to the other ASEAN countries, Indonesia’s MMR and NMR are still high, and so does for of West Java’s MMR and NMR, including Karawang regency. Antenatal care is one of the most effective health intervention in preventing the maternal morbidity and mortality. Maternal mortality can be prevented, if complication and high risk conditions are detected early by antenatal care. Activity result of village midwives on antenatal care in Karawang regency (including ANC K1 dan K4) shows high discrepancy; which indicates that village midwives performances is not yet good. The research objective is to find out the link between knowledge, experience, residence, motivation, full-equipments, supervision and village classification with village midwives’ performances in the antenatal care. This research of cross sectional program, uses a population of all the village midwives which are 305 respondents. The sample is using all of the population, 289 are successfully recorded as data. The data collection is started from March until April 2008, in Karawang regency, through interview and questionnaire forms. Univariate analysis by making frequency distribution of such variable, bivariate analysis by chi square test and multivariate analysis by multiregression logistic test with p value<0,05. The research result shows that the proportion of the village midwives with low performance (49,8%) is almost the same as the village midwives with good performance (50,2%). The bivariate analysis shows variable knowledge of the age of pregnancy and supervision focus has significant relationship with the village midwives’ performance. The village midwives with less supervision focus have an opportunity to perform less by 1.7 times greater than the village midwives with good supervision focus. According to research results, writer recommends advises as the following: For the Public Health Center and Official Health needs an improvement on supervision by making supervision schedule, check list and continued with discussions, in order to find the formulation of the existing problem, the cause of the problem, priorities and developing solving steps, making commitment together to improve, conducting training for supervision officers, then conducting testing which evaluate the result and decide the next steps. For the village midwives, they need to understand the objectives, authority, the main function and responsibilities as village midwives, to improve teamwork, be more proactive and to improve soft skill. For the surrounding society, its teamwork and participation are importantly needed in the antenatal care. For other researchers, it is needed to carry on further researches about supervision focus to improve the village midwives performance in the antenatal care with independent interview and about comprehensive of the village midwives performance. References : 49 (1980-2008) Key words : Performance, The Village Midwives, Antenatal Care, Cross Sectional
Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2010 memperlihatkan bahwa persalinan yang dilakukan di fasilitas kesehatan sebanyak 55,4%, sedangkan persalinan yang dilakukan di rumah ibu bersalin sebanyak 43,2%, dan sebagian besar ditolong oleh dukun bayi sebanyak 40,2%. Persalinan di rumah yang dilakukan oleh dukun bayi merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya Angka Kematian Ibu. Di Kabupaten Karawang, JawaBarat masih terjadi kasus kematian pada ibu dan kematian pada bayi. Jumlah kematian ibu cenderung meningkat dari tahun ke tahun.
Dari laporan KIA Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Karawang ada ibu bersalin yang meninggal dunia yang persalinannya ditolong oleh Dukun bayi. Cakupan persalinan oleh tenaga kesehatan di Kabupaten Karawang yang melakukan kunjungan K4 mencapai 93,43%. Hal ini menunjukan terdapat 6,57% bumil yang melakukan kunjungan K4 tapi tidak bersalin oleh tenaga kesehatan. Masih banyaknya persalinan oleh dukun bayi menunjukkan kurangnya kemitraan antara bidan dan dukun bayi. Namun hingga kini masih ada saja dukun bayi yang enggan bermitra dengan bidan, dan terjadi juga di Kabupaten Karawang terutama di wilayah kerja Puskesmas TanjungPura dan Pedes.
Dari masalah tersebut sehingga tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui mengenai faktor-faktor yang menghambat dukun bayi untuk bermitra dengan bidan.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 48 orang, yang merupakan jumlah dukun bayi yang berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanjungpura dan Pedes, Kabupaten Karawang, Jawa Barat.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variable pengetahuan, sikap dan pelatihan keterampilan dukun bayi yang berpengaruh terhadap kemitraan dukun bayi dengan bidan.Faktor yang paling dominan menghambat kemitraan dukun bayi dengan bidan adalah pengetahuan dukun bayi.
Saran pada penelitian ini adalah memberikan pembekalan dan pelatihan tentang Peran Dukun bayi dalam kemitraan dengan bidan kepada semua dukun bayi agar informasi yang diberikan dapat menyebar secara merata guna meningkatkan pengetahuan dukun bayi.
Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2010 showed that deliveries conducted at health facilities as much as 55.4%, while the delivery is done at maternal home as much as 43.2%, and mostly attended by traditional birth attendants as much as 40.2%. Home deliveries conducted by TBAs is one of the factors that affect the high maternal mortality rate. In Karawang regency, West Java still occur in cases of maternal mortality and infant mortality. Number of maternal deaths is likely to increase from year to year.
KIA of reports there Karawang District Health Office maternal childbirth who died were rescued by Shaman baby. Coverage of births by skilled health personnel in Karawang regency K4 visits reached 93.43%. It is revealed that there is 6.57% pregnant women who visited K4 but not delivery by health workers. Still many deliveries by traditional birth attendants showed a lack of partnership between midwives and TBAs. But until now there are still traditional birth attendants are reluctant to cooperate with the midwife, and occurs also in Karawangdistrict, especially in the Tanjungpura and Pedes Primary Health Centre.
Of the problem so that the general purpose of this research is to know about the factors that hinder traditional birth attendants to partner with midwives. This study uses cross-sectional design with a sample size of 48 people, which is the number of midwives who are in the Primary Health Center Tanjungpura and Pedes, Karawang regency, West Java.
The results showed that knowledge, attitudes and skills training TBAs affecting TBAs partnership with midwives. The most dominant factor inhibiting partnership with the midwife and TBAs is knowledge.
Suggestions on this research is to provide a soft skill and briefing on the role of healer baby in partnership with midwives to all traditional birth attendants to the information provided can be spread evenly in order to increase the knowledge of TBAs.
Tuberculosis is a disease that caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2012, the prevalence of the cases reached 12 million and caused 990 thousand death cases in the world. In Indonesia, the prevalence of this disease is 423/100.000 with 27/100.000 for the mortality rate. One of the provinces which have a higher prevalence than the national average is West Java. Bekasi, as one of the city in West Java still has problem in TB control. In the last ten years, the Case Detection Rate has not reached the national target. In addition, there are only 3 (10%) health centers in Bekasi City which are achieved the national target.
