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Background: Leprosy is chronic disease cause by Mycobacterium Leprae infection and it is a contagious disease that generates very complex problems. At Cirebon district over last three years, until 2003, patient number reach 1.207 (Prevalence Rate 1,69/10.000 population), have not reach leprosy elimination, therefore disease contamination keep going. Leprosy elimination in Cirebon district to acquire and process of data using leprosy surveillances sentinel system, this system operational not yet maximum and yielded output only limited to regular report. Objective: The purpose of this system development is to develop an application of Leprosy System Information Program Based on Geography Information System for leprosy elimination acceleration program in Cirebon District Year 2005 Methods: System development done based on System Development Life Cycle method, by combining Data Base Management System concept and spatial data. Data and information needed were collecting by interview and document observation. Results: SIGEK designed for facilitating data input and automatic of its process mechanism into information. Yielded output is in form of regular report, tabulation, graphic, and area endemic mapping information with urban smallest observation unit. Epidemiologic interpretation leprosy case from this visual map can be identified case transmission diffusion model and health service range (Puskesmas) in leprosy elimination. Conclusion: This SIGEK application can be management application on leprosy elimination program, empowered ability on monitoring activity and surveillance. Yielded output could be made as information for decision making input on leprosy elimination acceleration program. SIGEK was hoped to be a device for program management and possible can be developed on other district. Keywords: Geography Information System, Elimination, Leprosy
ABSTRAK Stigma terhadap penderita kusta masih mempakan masalah utama di Indonesia, dimana hal ini secara program berdampak pada keterlambatan pendedta untuk diobati dan secara individu bcrdampak negatif pada kondisi fisik, mental, sosial, dan ekonominya. Namun sampai saat ini masih sangat sedikit penelitian yang menggali masalah stigma masyarakat terhadap penderita kusta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi yang mendalam tentang pcngetahuan, persepsi, kepercayaan, sikap masyarakat terhadap pendenta kusta yang berhubungan dengan teljadinya stigma terhadap penderita kusta. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Simpenan Kabupaten Sukabumi dengan menggunakan metode kualitatiil dimana pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan telaah dokumen, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan wawancara rnendalam. lnforman kunci terdiri dari wasor kusta, juru kusta, tokoh masyarakat, penderita kusta, mantan penderita kusta, dan infonnan terdiri dari petugas kcschatan di puskesmas dan masyarakat non pcnderita kusta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teljadinya stigma bcrhubungan dengan pengetahuan yang rendah temang cara penularan pcnyakit kusta, persepsi bahwa penyakit kusta adalah penyakit yang sangat menular dan dapat menyebabkan mutilasi bahkan kematian. Terjadinya stigma di Kecamatan Simpenan juga berhubungan dcngan sikap masyarakat yang takut tertular dan ketika melihat kecacatzm yang mengerikan yang ditimbulkan oleh penyakit kusta. Ditemukan juga bahwa penderita kusta yang cacat mendapatkan perlakuan negatif yang Iebih berat dibanding dengan penderita yang lidak cacat Selain itu ditemukan juga bahwa penderita kusta dcngan tingkat kecacatan yang sama namun bcrbeda status sosial ckonominya, akan mendapatkan perlakuan negatif yang berbeda pula. Dengan demikian disarankan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan melalui KIE dcngan metode dan media yang diinginkan kepada seluruh lapisan masyarakat dan petugas kesehatan. Lcbih lanjut, penemuan dan pengobatan penderita secara dini oleh petugas kesehatan dan dibantu dengan peranserta tokoh masyarakat mennpakan hal yang esensial.
ABSTRACT Stigma related to leprosy is still a big problem in Indonesia, where regarding to leprosy control program it influences to patient delay for treatment and regarding to person affected it aH`eets negatively to his/her physical, mental, social and economic status. Particularly, studies that have explored stigma in community toward people aifected leprosy are rare. The purpose this study was to get deep information of knowledge, perception, belief, attitude of community toward people affected leprosy relating to occurrence of stigma. It is based on qualitative study conducted at Simpenan, in Sukabumi district where data collecting were obtained through document observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and in-depth interview. Key informant of this study consists of district leprosy supervisor, leprosy health worker, community leader, people affected leprosy, ex-leprosy patient and others informant are health worker at hea.lth center and community (non people affected leprosy). This study shows that the occurrence of stigma are related to lack of knowledge about the course of infection of the disease, perception that leprosy is very contagious disease and might caused mutilation and death. The occurrence of stigma in Simpenan also related to community attitude who afraid of to be contracted and Scare t0 the appearance of terrible impainnent due to leprosy. Also found that people affected with disability get more negative treatment from community compare to people affected without disability. it is highlight further that even with similar grade of disability, social-economical differentiation makes significant difference on treatment by community. Therefore it suggests to improve knowledge of community and health workers through IEC which use appropriate media and method. One most important in preventing of disability is to find and treat patient timely by health worker with community leader participation.