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Cibinong Market, located in the capital of Bogor Regency, is a large crowd of people have potential to accelerate the spread of local transmission of COVID-19, locally. This study objective is to determine the factors associated with merchant compliance regarding health protocols to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in Cibinong Market, Cibinong District, Bogor Regency. This study used a quantitative approach cross- sectional design with 110 total sample, selected randomly. Data were collected throughs online self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using the chi square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that only 8.2% of traders adhere to health protocols. Knowledge, perceptions of vulnerability and barriers, as well as cues in action are factors related to merchant compliance, and knowledge is the most dominant factor related to merchant compliance in Cibinong Market, Cibinong District 2020. Traders who have sufficient knowledge have chances 63 times to comply with health protocols compared to insufficient less knowledge traders, after being controlled by perceptions of vulnerability and barriers and cues to action. For this reason, traders' knowledge needs to be improved through online short messages, SMS LBA (Location Based Advertising).
Tuberculosis is one of the most challenging public health issues at the moment, with the number of cases being treated and reported in Indonesia still falling short of the national objective for 2021. In the last four years, the success rate for tuberculosis treatment in Kupang City has not been optimal. One of the reasons people fail to take medication is because they have been taking it for a long time, which allows for non-compliance. Non-adherence in taking medication can lead to treatment failure, re-treatment or drug resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social determinants and health literacy with medication adherence for tuberculosis patients in Kupang City. This study is a cross-sectional quantitative study that was carried out on tuberculosis patients receiving care at a medical facility in Kupang City. Data were collected by filling out online questionnaires (self-administered survey) on 126 tuberculosis patients who were undergoing treatment at 11 health centers in Kupang City. Simple logistic regression and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the data. According to the study's findings, 23.8 percent of tuberculosis patients did not take their tuberculosis medications. Health literacy variables (p=0.008) and respondent age (p=0.029) with p-value 0.05 were shown to be significantly related to tuberculosis patients' medication adherence. After adjusting for age, education, and income, health literacy emerged as the most influential variable in affecting medication adherence in tuberculosis patients. The significance of integrated collaboration among multiple associated entities to undertake tuberculosis education through various media can improve public health literacy and adherence to tuberculosis medications.
Perawat merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam proses pelayanan kesehatan khususnya dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan kepada pasien. Latar belakang pendidikan perawat RSJ ini, kebanyakan lulusan SPK, SPR"B" dan SPKSJ. Jumlah lulusan Diploma III Keperawatan di RSJ Bogor 16,14% (36 dari 223 orang), RSJ Bandung 19,11% (13 dari 68 yang), dan RSJ Cimahi 23,37% (18 Bari 77 orang). Kebutuhan masyarakat akan mutu pelayanan kesehatan, serta kebijakan pemerintah (PP.No 3211996) mengharuskan tenaga perawat minimal lulusan D III. Peningkatan mutu tenaga perawat tersebut diharapkan dapat dicapai melalui program pendidikan D III Keperawatan. Unsur utama yang mendukung keberhasilan program tersebut antara lain adalah motivasi para perawat sendiri untuk mengikuti pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antara faktor-faktor internal dan ekstemal dengan motivasi perawat untuk mengikuti pendidikan di tiga RSJP di Jawa Barat tahun 2001. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan non eksperimental,dimana data diperoleh secara potong lintang (cross sectional). Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh populasi perawat yang bertugas di tiga RSJP di Jawa Barat yang belum mengikuti pendidikan D 111 Keperawatan. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini 201 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran angket dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data kemudian diolah dengan bantuan komputer dan dianalisis secara statistik dengan teknik chi-square (bivariat) dengan derajat kemaknaan 95%, dan regresi logistik berganda (multivariat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari separuh responden memiliki motivasi rendah untuk mengikuti pendidikan (54,0%). Dari analisis bivariat didapatkan 9 variabel yaitu umur, status perkawinan, jabatan, masa kerja, persepsi, penghasilan, peraturan, izin atasan dan dukungan keluarga mempunyai hubungan yang secara statistik bermakna dengan motivasi perawat untuk mengikuti pendidikan. Sedangkan variabel-variabel jenis kelamin, penghargaan dan lokasi tempat kerja tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik dengan motivasi perawat untuk mengikuti pendidikan. Analisis multivariat dengan menggunakan regresi logistik berganda secara simultan memberi basil variabel masa kerja (p=,017), persepsi (p=0,000), dan peraturan (p= 0,010) yang secara statistik bermakna. Juga dibuktikan secara statistik bahwa dari ketiga variabel tersebut, variabel persepsi merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan motivasi perawat untuk mengikuti pendidikan, karena mempunyai OR paling besar yaitu 6,28 (95% CI : 1,323-7,862, p=0,000) dibandingkan dengan variabel masa kerja dan peraturan. Uji interaksi terhadap ketiga variabel tersebut tidak memberi hasil adanya interaksi, sehingga model yang dikembangkan merupakan model akhir (definitif). Dengan diketahuinya faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan motivasi perawat untuk mengikuti pendidikan, maka penelitian ini juga memberikan saran sebagai berikut: (a) untuk pihak yang bertanggung javrab dalam mengembangkan tenaga kesehatan, misalnya Pusdiknakes, perlu membuat peraturan dimana minimal 3 tahun perawat diwajibkan mengikuti pendidikan lanjutan, disamping juga perlu dikembangkan program pendidikan keahlian khusus dibidang tertentu bagi yang tidak ingin melanjutkan pendidikan jangka panjang, (b) untuk RSJ, diusulkan untuk membuat daftar unit perawat untuk mengikuti pendidikan, menetapkan imbalan dan menyediakan informasi yang komprehensif, sehingga dapat meningkatkan motivasi perawat untuk mengikuti pendidikan. Untuk menghasilkan kesimpulan yang lebih representatif perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan sampel yang mewakili seluruh populasi, desain dan variabeI yang lebih bervariasi.
Nurse is one of the important elements in health service process especially in giving treatment comprehensively to the patient. The mental hospital asylum nurse's educational background at this moment, mostly graduated from SPK, SPR "B" and SPKSJ. The number of nursing diploma graduates in Bogor mental hospital asylum are 16,14% (36 from 223 people), Bandung mental hospital asylum 19,11% (13 from 68 people), and Cimahi mental hospital asylum 23,37% (18 from 77 people). Needed health service quality; and as regulated by the government policy (PP No 32/1996) required every nurse to hold at least a diploma. The quality improvement of nurse hopefully can be gained through education (diploma program) in nursing. The main factor assumed to assure the success of the program is the nurse's motivation to participate in the education. The purpose of the research is to find out whether there is relationship between internal factors and external factors with the nurse's motivation to participate in the education. Observation was carried out in three Mental Hospital Asylums in West Java in year 2001. This research used non-experimental design,using cross sectional method in collecting data. The sample was the whole nurse population on duty at these three mental hospitals who have not attended the diploma offering. The number of respondent in this study were 201 nurses. Data was collected by using both open and close ended questionnaires. The data was then processed with the help of computer and statistically analyzed with chi-square technique (bivariate) using Confidencen Interval (CI) of 95%, and double logistic regression (multivariate). The result showed more than a half of the respondent have low motivation to follow the education (54,0%). Using bivarian's analysis mentioning 9 variables which were age, marriage status, position, tenure, perception, income, rule, higher permission and family support, statistically showed significant relationship with the nurse's motivation to follow the education. Other variables, such as gender and work site did not show significant relation statistically with the nurse's motivation. Further analysis using double logistic regression simultaneously showed that (length of service) tenure (pl,017), perception toward education program (0,000) and rules/conditions (0,010) statistically significant. Also statistically approved that from those three variables, perception was the most dominant variable related with the nurse's motivation, because it has the biggest odds ratio (OR) which was 6,28 (95% Cl = 1,323 - 7,862, p = 0,000) compared with other variables (length of service and rules). Interaction test done to the three variables did not assure the result of interaction's existence, giving the improved model as the last accepted (definitive) model. Recognizing the factors related with' the nurse's motivation to participate in education, this research suggested ; a) to the authority who is responsible for health menpower development (such as Pusdiknakes), to develop conditions that nurse to attain additional three years education, aside from improving special skill training programmes in various fields, for those who are not willing to continue their education, b) for the mental hospital asylum, it is suggested to make the list of nurses to participate in a programmed, to provide comprehensive information, and to establish an incentiveldisincentive schem, to attract nurses to continue their education. To gain more representative conclusion it is needed to carry out further research using sample that represent the whole population, different designs and or involving more variables.
Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY), merupakan masalah yang serius di Indonesia. Pada saat ini di Indonesia diperkirakan ada sekitar 10 juta orang menderita gondok, 750.000-900.000 menderita kretin endemik dan 3,5 juta menderita GAKY Iainnya. Dampak negatif dari GAKY berpengaruh langsung terhadap kualitas sumber daya manusia, anak-anak yang menderita kekurangan yodium mempunyai rata-rata IQ 13,5 point lebih rendah dibandingkan mereka yang cukup mendapat yodium.Pemerintah menempuh 2 macam upaya penanggulangan GAKY di Indonesia, yaitu melalui upaya pemberian kapsul minyak beryodium yang diprioritaskan pada wanita usia subur 15-49 tahun termasuk ibu hamil dan ibu nifas dan penggalakkan penggunaan garam beryodium di masyarakat. Untuk meningkatkan demand masyarakat terhadap penggunaan garam beryodium, Pusat Promosi Kesehatan telah melakukan kampanye penggunaan garam beryodium melalui media TV dan Radio pada tahun 1998/1999. Namun data yang telah dikumpulkan baru dianalisis secara univariat, sehingga dirasa perlu untuk dianalisis lebih lanjut melalui penulisan ini.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemakaian garam beryodium rumah tangga di 10 propinsi daerah endemik Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Yodium (GAKY) di Indonesia tahun 1999.Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder hasil evaluasi kampanye garam beryodium melalui media TV dan Radio yang dilakukan Pusat Promosi Kesehatan pada tahun 1999 terhadap 600 responden wanita usia subur di 10 propinsi GAKY di Indonesia. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan dengan bantuan program komputer.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 462 responden (77%) menggunakan garam beryodium, sedangkan sisanya menggunakan garam lain. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan garam beryodium antara lain: Pengetahuan, Pendidikan, Niat, Ketersediaan garam beryodium, dan Keterpaparan terhadap media. Dari ke-lima faktor tersebut, ketersediaan garam beryodium merupakan faktor yang mempunyai hubungan paling dominan dengan penggunaan garam beryodium dengan nilai Odds Ratio (OR)=l,36I (95% CI 1,30 - 1,43). Artinya responden dengan ketersediaan garam beryodium di sekitar tempat tinggalnya, kemungkinan akan menggunakan garam beryodium 1,361 kali dibandingkan dengan responden yang disekitar tempat tinggalnya tidak tersedia garam beryodium.Atas dasar hasil penelitian tersebut, kepada pengelola program GAKY disarankan untuk melakukan advokasi secara intensif kepada lintas sektor, terutama sektor yang berkaitan dengan distribusi garam beryodium untuk menjamin ketersediaan garam beryodium di seluruh Indonesia. Disamping itu, kampanye penggunaan garam beryodium perlu dijaga kesinambungannya, karena dari hasil penelitian juga terbukti bahwa keterpaparan media berhubungan dengan penggunaan garam beryodium.
Factor Related to Iodized Salt Usage in Ten Province Subjected to Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) in Indonesia Year of 1999There are many people in Indonesia still suffer from goiter. 10 million from 42 million people which living in area with deficiency of iodine are suffering this disease. IDD has negative impact directly to quality of human resources, especially concerned to intelligence and productivity.In this study we looking for some factor related to iodized salt usage in ten IDD province in Indonesia. Independent factors in this study are predisposition factors (knowledge, willingness, and education), enabling factor (salt availability), and enforcing factor (media). We were looking for some relation of these three variables with iodized salt usage as dependent variable.This study using cross sectional design to secondary data of 600 respondents (women in fertile age) in ten IDD province (GAKY) in 1999, which collected by Health Promotion Center of Health Department of Republic of Indonesia. From 600 respondents which being studied, 462 respondents (77%) using iodized salt. Factor that related to iodized salt usage is availability of iodized salt, media exposure, knowledge, and level of education. The most dominant factor is iodized salt availability (OR 1,361; 95%CI 1,30-1,43), which means respondents which easy to find iodized salt have 1,361; possibility to use iodized salt compared to those who difficult to find iodized salt.We recommend to Department of Trade and Industry to ensure the availability of iodized salt in public, and to IDD program's management to improve campaign of benefits of iodized salt usage to public.
