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The purpose of this study was to describe factors related to the implementation reference Askes Branch in Central Jakarta district health centers and sub-Johar Senen Year 2012 by using a qualitative approach. Moreover examined several aspects related to the availability of doctors, availability of drugs, medical devices complete facilities, understanding health as a gate keeper and patient understanding of participants askes about referral and refer back. The results of this study indicate that if the availability of drugs in health centers and complete facilities will make less likely the patient is referred to a greater PPK advanced, knowledge of patient referral service will also influence the decision to refer the patient, the greater the knowledge of the patient, the less likely the patient will be referred and conversely the less knowledge of the patient, the greater the patient is referred.
Background: Mental health disorders present a significant global economic burden, with projected losses reaching USD 6 trillion by 2030. In Indonesia, the estimated annual direct cost may reach IDR 87.5 trillion if all individuals with mental disorders undergo routine treatment. Objective: To identify the total cost and factors associated with mental health service expenditures in outpatient care at advanced referral health facilities (FKRTL) for JKN participants. Methods: This study uses cross-sectional design using the 2024 BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted on 785,150 active mental health service users. Results: BPJS Kesehatan covered a total of IDR 3.4 trillion in mental health outpatient services within one year. There was a significant relationship between service costs and age, participant segmentation, number of diagnoses, outpatient visits frequency, advanced health facilities regional, advanced referral health facilities ownership, and chronic disease conditions. Conclusions: The highest costs were observed among the elderly and in Regional 1, reflecting a concentration of services and better access. These findings highlight the importance of equitable distribution and need-based approaches in mental health service financing.
Penelitian ini menganalisis Cost of Illness (COI) peserta JKN dengan penyakit kanker serviks di Indonesia dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Data Sampel BPJS Kesehatan dan Data Upah Rata-Rata per Jam menurut Provinsi Tahun 2022-2023. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling sehingga sampel merupakan seluruh peserta JKN dengan penyakit kanker serviks di Indonesia sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa total Cost of Illness peserta JKN dengan penyakit kanker serviks adalah sebesar Rp105.507.876.365 dengan rata-rata COI per peserta adalah sebesar Rp4.582.340. Nilai COI tersebut belum termasuk dengan klaim obat terpisah yang dibayarkan BPJS Kesehatan diluar paket INA-CBG. Faktor usia, status perkawinan, segmentasi kepesertaan, hak kelas rawat, jumlah kunjungan RJTL, jumlah kunjungan RITL, lama hari perawatan, dan tingkat keparahan berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik terhadap Cost of Illness. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan beban ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh penyakit kanker serviks sehingga program deteksi dini sangat penting untuk dilakukan demi tercapainya efisiensi biaya kesehatan.
This study analyzed the Cost of Illness (COI) of JKN participants with cervical cancer in Indonesia and the factors that influence it. The research design used was a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional approach. The data used in this study are BPJS Kesehatan Sample Data and Average Hourly Wage Data by Province in 2022-2023. The sampling technique used total sampling so that the sample was all JKN participants with cervical cancer in Indonesia according to the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result of this study indicates that the total Cost of Illness of JKN participants with cervical cancer is Rp105.507.876.365 with an average COI per participant of Rp4.582.340. The COI value doesn’t include separate drug claims paid by BPJS Kesehatan outside the INA-CBG package. The factors of age, marital status, membership segmentation, class of care, number of RJTL visits, number of RITL visits, length of treatment days, and severity have a statistically significant effect on the Cost of Illness. The results of this study illustrate the economic burden caused by cervical cancer so that early detection programs are very important to do in order to achieve health cost efficiency.
