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The prevalence of LBW in Indonesia based on the 2013 Basic Health Research was 10.2% with the proportion of LBW in urban and rural areas 9.4% and 11.2%. This study aims to analyze the dominant factors on LBW occurrence in urban and rural areas in Indonesia. This study is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) in 2017. Respondents in this study were 11,188 woman of childbearing age divided into 5,852 in urban areas and 5,336 in rural areas. The results of research in Indonesia showed a significant relationship between respondent’s education level (p = 0,000; OR = 1,471; 95% CI = 1,252-1,730), the frequency of antenatal care (p = 0,000; OR = 1,713; 95% CI = 1,317-2,229 ), gestational age at first examination (p = 0.026; OR = 1,246; 95% CI = 1,031-1,505), and total iron tablet consumption (p = 0,000; OR = 1,312; 95% CI = 1,131-1,621) with LBW. While in urban areas, factors related to LBW are parity (p = 0.039; OR = 1,258; 95% CI = 1,018-1,555), respondent’s education level (p = 0.001; OR = 1,542; 95% CI = 1,199-1,983) and total iron tablet consumption (p = 0.020; OR = 1,283; 95% CI = 1,044-1,576), and in rural areas is respondent’s education level (p = 0.002; OR = 1,423; 95% CI = 1,145-1,769), the frequency of antenatal care ( p = 0,000; OR = 1,878; 95% CI = 1,345-2,622), place of antenatal care (p = 0.037; OR = 0.781; 95% CI = 0.622-0.980), and total iron tablet consumption (p = 0.010; OR = 1.336 95% CI = 1,075-1,660). The most dominant factor for LBW occurrence in Indonesia and rural areas is the frequency of antenatal care, while in urban areas is the education level of respondents. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that socialization and education related to pregnancy such as regular pregnancy checks, increasing formal education level of woman of childbearing age, and regular consumption of TTD.
Kromium adalah jenis nutrien essensial yang diperlukan hampir oleh semua jaringan dalam tubuh manusia, seperti kulit, otak, otot, limpa, ginjal dan testis. Peran penting dari kromium adalah sebagai pengendali metabolisme insulin dalam tubuh dan dianggap sebagai faktor pengendali kadar gula darah (glucose tolerance factor/GTF). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Cross sectional, waktu pelaksanaan bulan Maret- April Tahun 2011. Penelitian dilakukan pada anggota Persadi Serang sebanyak 55 orang. Cari pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive dengan memperhatikan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan kromium tertinggi pada bahan makanan sumber karbohidrat adalah mie kering sebesar 71 µg/100 g, dan sumber protein adalah kacang tanah sebesar 163. Ratarata asupan kromium pada anggota Persadia Serang teridentifikasi masih berada dibawah RDA yaitu 31, 95 µg. Tidak ada hubungan antara asupan kromium dengan kadar gula darah pada anggota Persadia Serang, sedangkanvariabel IMT, aktivitas olahraga dan umur memiliki hubungan dengan kadar gula darah (p<0,05) dengan data IMT (OR= 4,5 ; 95% CI ; 1,333-15,196 ), aktivitas olahraga (OR= 9,333 ; 95% CI ; 1,115-78,154 ), dan umur (OR= 4,47 ; 95% CI ; 1,23-16,28 ). Faktor yang paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan kadar gula darah adalah IMT. Disarankan untuk mengontrol berat badan, dengan cara memperhatikan asupan makan dan melakukan aktivitas olahraga secara rutin serta materi kromium dimasukkan dalam kegiatan penyuluhan rutin yang dilakukan satu kali seminggu. Selain itu perlu adanya pemeriksaan kandungan kromium bahan makanan yang lebih beragam. Kata kunci : Kromium bahan makanan, kadar gula, dan asupan kromium.
Chromium is a type of essential nutrients needed by almost all tissues in the human body, such as skin, brain, muscle, spleen, kidney and testis. An important role of chromium is as controlling the metabolism of insulin in the body and is considered as a factor controlling blood sugar levels (glucose tolerance factor / GTF). This study uses cross sectional method, the execution time of the month from March to April Year 2011. The study was conducted on members Persadia Attack by 55 people. Find the sampling done by purposive with respect to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that the highest chromium content in food sources of carbohydrates is dried noodles at 71 μg/100 g, and protein sources are peanuts by 163. The average intake of chromium in Serang identified PERSADIA members is below the RDA, namely 31, 95 mg. There was no association between intake of chromium in blood sugar levels in member PERSADIA Serang, while BMI variable, exercise activity and age have a relationship with blood sugar levels (p <0.05) with BMI data (OR = 4.5, 95% CI: 1.333 -15.196), sports activity (OR = 9.333, 95% CI: 1.115 to 78.154), and age (OR = 4.47, 95% CI: 1.23 to 16.28). The most dominant factor related to blood sugar levels is BMI. It is recommended for weight control, by way of attention to food intake and doing exercise regularly and chromium material included in regular education activities are conducted once a week. In addition there is need for examination of the chromium content of food that is more diverse. Key words: Chromium food ingredients, sugar, and intake of chromium.
Body weight is one of the most common anthropometric component to determine prescription for diet and drugs. However, this way prove to be a challenge for individuals who are unconscious and or have disabilities. The present study aims to derive a simple equation to estimate the body weight of adults in South Jakarta. Measurements of Body Weight BW , the Middle Upper Arm Circumference MUAC , and the Knee Height KH were done in 164 adults in the respective city in May 2017. The resulting equation, which is derived by multiple linear regression, is BW 2.8 MUAC 1.2 KH ndash 1.25 Z ndash 75.1 R square 0,841 p value 0,001 , with Z value of 1 for female and 2 for male. The equation is able to approximate the body weight of adults in South Jakarta.
Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus, kadar glukosa darah, aktivitas fisik, asupan serat
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. High blood levels in diabetics are associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of some organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, heart, nerves, and blood vessels. Blood glucose levels of diabetics can be influenced by various factors such as intake, physical activity, and others. This study aims to see the differences proportion of blood glucose levels in diabetics based on physical activity and other factors. The study was conducted on diabetics at Puskesmas Kecamatan Pasar Minggu on April 2018. The design of this study is cross-sectional with a total sample of 110 people. Blood glucose levels are known through the medical records of respondents, physical activity and intake are known through physical activity questionnaires (GPAQ) and Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SFFQ). The results showed that 57.3% of diabetics had controlled blood glucose levels. Chisquare test showed that physical activity, medication adherence, fiber intake, duration of disease, and stress have significant differences with blood glucose levels. To increase the rate of controlled blood glucose in diabetics, it is recommended to be educated about physical activity, fiber intake, and management of stress (if necessary) in diabetics.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, blood glucose level, physical activity, fiber intake
