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Kecelakaan adalah kejadian yang tidak diinginkan atau serangkaian kejadian (atau adanya potensi penyebab) cedera, sakit dan kerusakan. Penanganan (handling) dan pemunggahan (rigging) pipa baja, material dan peralatan merupakan pekerjaan yang berbahaya. Setiap pekerjaan tersebut menghadirkan masalah tersendiri, dengan pertimbangan yang matang dan praktek pemunggahan yang benar, setiap pekerjaan dapat dihindari resiko kecelakaan pada manusia atau kerusakan pada peralatan. Biaya yang timbul akibat kecelakaan mencapai lebih dad 500 juta rupiah. Terdapat 5 (lima) kecelakaan major yang terkait dengan kejadian selama penanganan dan pengiriman pipa baja. Hal ini terjadi pada awal pengiriman terjadi beberapa kecelakaan oleh kontraktor dengan lokasi kejadian yang berbeda. Dan hasil penyelidikan, diketahui penyebab kecelakaan pada crane 80 ton di Bintan secara teknis disebabkan crane tidak mampu menahan pembebanan berlebih (overload) secara terus menerus sehingga crane mengalami fatigue (kelelahan) akibat beban dinamik yang terjadi secara siklus. Pada crane yang menggunakan tipe teleskopik, sangat berisiko terjadi patah pada bagian (section) ruas boom crane, yang apabila jika pembebanan melewati SWL (safe working load) akan menyebabkan bagian boom crane tersebut fracture. Penyebab lainnya (contributing causes) adalah penggunaan peralatan yang rusak dan tidak layak pakai, hilangnya pelindung keselamatan, peralatan keselamatan yang kurang memadai dan kesalahan dalam pemuatan. Audit kinerja keselamatan kerja dari masing-masing subkontraktor memperlihatkan tingkat kinerja keselamatan yang rendah seperti lemahnya prosedur kerja aman, keterlibatan menejemen, perawatan peralatan dan pemeriksan internal.
An accident is an undesired event or sequence of events (or with the potential to cause) injury, ill-health or damage. The handling and rigging of steel pipes, material and equipment is a hazardous occupation. Each operation presents its own peculiar problems and no two jobs are alike. With proper consideration and good handling practices taken, each job can be performed free of body harm and without damage to the equipment: There were 5 (five) work accident related with handling and delivery of steel pipes (32? OD) in December 2005 up to May 2006. It's was found mostly on early delivery during pipe handling was carried out by each subcontractor at various location. The cost impact after accident more than 500 billion rupiah and one rigger injured. By accident investigations were performed technically the crane could not withstand the continuously overload and occur fatigue due to dynamic load cyclically. The telescopic crane had high risk during loading over safe working load (SFL) which cause boom crane will be fractured. The contributing causes of this event are using defective equipment, removing safety devices or inadequate / improper protective equipment, and improper loading. As indicated before, the audit safety performance has been carried refer to Roman Diekemper and Donald Spartz. Mostly subcontractor shows that bad safety performance includes safe working procedures, direct management involvement, maintenance of equipment guards and internal self-inspection.
Radiographer in general have a duty and responsibility to audit includes examined patientsfor radiodiagnostic including nuclear medicine and ultrasonography (USG), and radiationprotection in radiology and operating equipment. This study aims to estimated the risk ofX-ray radiation exposure to radiographer in the Department of Radiology RSUPN CiptoMangunkusumo using Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL). In calculating theestimated risk forecasts ARKL, risk of X-ray radiation exposure dose radiographer obtainedfrom measurements of the film badge. Data patterns of activity (duration of work,frequency of exposure and years of work) obtained based on the results of a survey of 35radiographers in the Department of Radiology RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo. Based on thecalculations performed, the average value of Excess Cancer lifetime Risk (ELCR) is 4,8E-2and the value of Excess Real-time Cancer Risk (ERRC) the average is 1,9E-2. Becausetheoretically carcinogenicity has non-threshold value, then the forecast is declaredunacceptable when ECR < E-4. Range of numbers obtained from the E-4, carcinogenicitydefault values used by the US-EPA (1990). Based on the calculation of the ELCR and ERCRforecasts illustrate the risk of carcinogenic effects that occur in the radiographers in theDepartment of Radiology RSUPN CM, acceptable on cancer risk both in the ELCR andERRC.Keywords: risk analysis, radiation, X-rays, radiographer.
