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Hypertension is one of diseases caused world health problems. The prevalence of hypertension is predicted will be increase. Hypertension in Indonesia are dominated by the female population. One of the risk factors caused hypertension is the use of hormonal contraception. This study aims to determine the association between the last birth hormonal contraception and the prevalence of hypertension. The research design was cross-sectional from January to June 2023 used the 2018 Riskesdas data. The exposed group was 45,178 respondents who used hormonal contraception and the unexposed group was 30,845 who did not use hormonal contraception. The results showed that there was a significant association between the use of hormonal contraception and the prevalence of hypertension after controlling for age and body mass index with AdjPR 1.10 (95% CI 1.06–1.12). This study also assessed the association between types of hormonal contraception including 3-month injection contraception with AdjPR value of 1.08 (95% CI 1.05-1.12); 1-month injectable contraception with AdjPR value of 0.99 (95% CI 0.93-1.05), implant contraceptive AdjPR 0.90 (95% CI 0.84-0.96), and contraceptive pill AdjPR 1.30 (95% CI 1.23-1.35). This is expected to illustrate the importance of choosing the right contraception to prevent the hypertension
Background: Indonesia faces population problems such as a high number and rate of population growth with a total fertility rate (TFR) which is bigger than ASEAN average and ideal standard of TFR. The utilization of contraception, especially LAPMs, is one of program to ensure the implementation of family planning program. However, based on the results of the 2017 IDHS, there was only 13.4% of women used LAPMs. And from year to year, the utilization of contraception in Indonesia is still dominated by female users compared to men, especially in MKJP, namely 13.2% of them are female users and only 0.2% are male users. This study aims to examine the association between women's empowerment and the utilization of long-acting and permanent contraceptive (LAPMs) among married women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia based on analysis of IDHS data 2017. Methods: This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design and uses secondary data (2017 IDHS data). The dependent variables of this study is the utilization of LACPMs with the main independent variables were women's empowerment. Descriptive, bivariate and stratified analysis were used to see the description of each variable and to examine the association between the dependent and independent variables and to examine the confounding variables between them. Result: Empowered women had 1.15 [95% CI=1.03-1.27] times higher risk of using MKJP than powerless women. The result of this study also found that women's education and household wealth index are confounding variables in the association between women's empowerment and the utilization of LACPMs. Conclusion: The utilization of LACPMs which is low is one of the public health challenges in Indonesia. The association between women's empowerment and the utilication of LACPMs can be taken into considerations for government agencies to develop health by focusing on the role of women.
