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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)) is a systemic and chronic autoimmune disease which main manifestations involve the joints. AR management requires pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. One of the pharmacological RA treatments is methotrexate (MTX). There are many factors that influence the success of RA treatment but in Indonesia there has not been found a study that examines obesity on the success of MTX treatment in RA patients in Indonesia. Researchers wanted to know the effect of obesity on MTX monotherapy failure in patients with AR Methods. A retrospective cohort study using medical records from the Rheumatology Internal Medicine Polyclinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) from March 2017 to December 2021. A descriptive and estimation analysis was performed to see the sample characteristics based on each variable and a modified Cox regression analysis to see the relationship between obesity and MTX treatment failure. Results. Of the 72 subjects, the proportion of MTX treatment failure in obese patients was 57.1% (20/35), while in patients who were not obese it was 37.8% (14/37). The risk of MTX treatment failure in obese subjects was 1.45 times that of non-obese patients (RR 1.45; 95% CI 0.76-2.78). Number of joints involved, RF factor (RF), C-reactive protein factor (CRP), age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), gender, and early onset of disease were not become confounding factors in this study. Conclusion. In this study, RA patients with obesity have an increased risk of MTX treatment failure compared to RA patients without obesity, but further studies using larger samples are needed to increase statistical power.
ABSTRAK Tesis ini membahas tentang penggunaan jamu untuk pengobatan pada pasien di Klinik Saintifikasi Jamu Hortus Medicus Tawangmangu tahun 2012. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan Rapid Assesment Procedures (RAP). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa jamu yang digunakan untuk pengobatan sudah dirasakan manfaatnya dengan efek samping yang ringan, serta jamu yang paling banyak digunakan adalah sediaan godokan. Hal yang mendukung penggunaan jamu untuk pengobatan adalah pengetahuan terhadap tanaman obat, persepsi terhadap jamu, informasi mengenai klinik dan fasilitas pelayanan yang tersedia, keterjangkauan akses, adanya keluhan sakit serta keinginan untuk sembuh. Saran dari penelitian ini perlunya edukasi kepada masyarakat dan penambahan Klinik Saintifikasi Jamu yang terjangkau.
ABSTRACT This thesis discusses the use of Jamu for treatment on patients at The Hortus Medicus Jamu Scientification Clinic in 2012. The study was a qualitative research using Rapid Assessment Procedures (RAP) approach. The study found that Jamu medicine used for treatment has already felt the benefit with low side effects, as well as the most widely used Jamu preparations is boiling. Factors encouraged the use of Jamu medicine for treatment are the knowledge of medicinal plants, Jamu perception, the availability of information on clinical and service facilities, the affordability of access, the pain complaints and the desire to recover. There is a need to educate people and increasing an affordable Jamu Scientification Clinic
Citicoline is the most widely used neuroprotective to repair neurological deficit inischemic stroke patients, however the effectiveness of citicoline is stillcontroversial and raise arguments against scientific research because it providedheterogeneous results.The objectives of the study are to identify citicoline effecton neurological function improvement using The National Institute of HealthStroke Scale (NIHSS) and functional ability improvement using Barthel Index(BI) in the treatment of ischemic stroke patients at 18 hospitals involved inIndonesia stroke registry. The design of this study is retrospective cohort studyusing stroke registry data. Improvement of neurological function assessed bychanges of NIHSS score >2 and improvement of functional ability assesed bychanges of Barthel Index score > 20 as measured at the time of admission anddischarge of the hospital.The result shows that the probability of functionalneurological improvement on citicoline treatment group is higher than nociticoline treatment group with adjusted RR by neurorestoration is 1,34 (95% CI1.058 to 1.658, p=0,0014). There is no difference of functional abilityimprovement between citicoline and no citicoline treatment group, with adjustedRR by neurorestoration is 1.07 (CI95% 0.879 to 1.293; p=0,53).Keywords : Barthel Index; Citicoline; Ischemic stroke; NIHSS.
